1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ICS 59.080.60 ISBN 0-626-14279-2 SANS 10834:2003 Edition 1 ISO 10834:1992 Edition 1 SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Textile floor coverings Non-destructi
4、ve measurement of pile thickness above the backing WRONZ gauge method This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 10834:1992 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof pr
5、ivate bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa 2003 SANS 10834:2003 Edition 1 ISO 10834:1992 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by STANSA SC 5
6、110.04C, Textiles Physical test methods, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 10834 First edition 1992-11-15 Textile floor coverings - Non-destructive measurement of pile thickness above the backing -
7、 WRONZ gauge method Revetements de sol textiles - Mesurage non destructif de lbpaisseur du velours au-dessus du soubassement - M6thode de la jauge WROMZ - - - Reference number IS0 10834:1992(E) IS0 10834:1992(E) Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federat
8、ion of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committe
9、e. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the tec
10、hnical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an tnter- nationat Standard requires approvat by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard IS0 10834 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Sub-Committee SC 12, Textile
11、floor coverings. Annex A of this International Standard is for information only. 0 IS0 1992 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from t
12、he publisher. international Orga nization for Standardization Case Postale 56 l CH-3 21 1 Geneve 20 l Switzerland Printed in Switzerland ii Textile floor coverings - Non-destructive measurement of pile thickness above the backing - WRONZ gauge method 1 scope This International Standard specifies a m
13、ethod for the measurement of the thickness of pile above the backing of a textile floor covering and is applicable to all textile floor coverings having a pile of cut or looped yarn. Where areas of different construction or thickness exist, these should be tested separately if possible. This method
14、is non-destructive of the floor covering specimen and is useful particularly for production control in manufacture and for measure- ments on installed carpets. Due to different loading factors, this method and that of IS0 1766, in which the pile fibres are cut from the substrate, may not give identi
15、cal results. In case of dispute or where maximum accuracy is required, the pile thickness shall be determined by the method of 1SO 1766. Because of this, care shall be exercised in com- paring textile floor coverings with different sub- strates when using this gauge. 2 Normative references The follo
16、wing standards conZain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publi- cation, the editions indicated were valid. All stan- dards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are
17、encouraged to investigate the possibility of ap- plying the most recent editions of the standards in- dicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IS0 139:1973, Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. IS0 1766:1986, Textil
18、e floor coverings - Uetermi- nation of thickness of pile above the substrate. i SO 1957: 1986, Machine-made textile floor coverings - Sampling and cutting specimens for physical tests. IS0 2424:1992, Textile floor coverings - Vocabulary. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard,
19、 the following definitions apply. 3.1 pile thickness: The distance between the planes of the upper surface of the pile and the upper surface of the backing when the surfaces are located respectively under conditions of standard pressure and standard loading. NOTE 1 This definition, being related to
20、the instrument described in this international Standard, differs from the definition “effective pile thickness” in IS0 2424. 3.2 standard loading: A nominal force of 735 mN acting on each needle of a probe. 4 Principle The pile thickness is determined by measuring the distance between the planes of
21、the pile surface lo- cated under a standard pressure and the plane of the backing surface located under a standard load- ing. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Measuring instrument, as illustrated in figure 1, consisting of the following elements: 5.1.1 Plane circular presser foot, of area between 300 mm* and 1 000 m
22、m*, for locating the upper sur- face of the pile under a nominal standard pressure of 2,0 kPa. IS0 10834:1992(E) Screw tar attaching the lifting handle Spacer Engineers dial ga “F Threadedsleeve /I- / I ,d , Grub screw Thumbnut Base Studs i I Carpet-pilesurfaceprobe - Needle holders 1 1 1 1 b- Needl
23、e probes Screw for attaching the surface probe Figure I - Exploded diagram of the WRONZ pilemthickness gauge IS0 10834:1992(E) 5.1.2 Annular probe, for locating the upper surface of the backing under standard loading, consisting of six needles with 0,5 mm diameter and 75” tip cone angle (see figure
24、2), arranged in a circle concentric with the presser foot and with an at least 20 mm larger diameter, the tips of the needles being dis- posed in a plane parallel to the face of the presser foot with a tolerance of parallelism of 1 in 500. 51.3 Smooth baseplate, of dimensions larger than the probe.
25、5.1.4 Dial gauge, capable of measuring the dis- placement of the probe and the presser foot to within 0,l mm over a range of 50 mm. 5.1.5 Lifting handle, attached to the presser foot. 5.2 Straight edge, for example a ruler, for brushing the surface of the specimen. 6 Atmosphere for conditioning and
26、testing Either conduct the test in the environment where the test material is available, i.e. in the place of manu- facture or where the textile floor covering is in- stalled, or conduct the test in one of the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing of textiles specified in IS0 139. 7 Prep
27、aration of test specimens 7.1 Selection Where possible, select the specimens, or areas of textile floor covering to be measured, in accordance with the directions in IS0 1957. 7.2 Number, area and location of specimens Prepare sufficient specimens to allow at least 20 measurements to be made. Test s
28、pecimens shall be at least 120 mm x 120 mm, but they may be of any larger dimensions as required by other tests. Alter- natively, several measurements may be made on one larger sample or on a textile floor covering in course of manufacture or already installed, provided the centres of the areas in c
29、ontact with the presser foot are not less than 75 mm apart and 20 mm from an edge and a substantially smooth horizontal sur- face (see 8.2) exists beneath the test area. Select the specimens from areas well away from distorted parts of the sample. 7.3 Brushing of pile For every situation, whether it
30、 concerns textile floor covering specimens in the laboratory, or product in the carpet mill or installed carpet, lightly brush the pile, first against and then with the direction of pile lean, using the straight edge (5.2). 7.4 Conditioning After brushing, lay each laboratory test specimen flat and
31、condition for a minimum of 24 h in the stan- dard atmosphere selected in accordance with clause 6. 8 Procedure 8.1 Place the measuring instrument (5.1) such that its probe (5.1.2) and presser foot (5.1.1) contact a smooth, horizontal surface and adjust the dial gauge (5.1.4) to zero. Check that all
32、the needles contact the horizontal surface and renew as necessary. 8.2 Ensure the specimen is lying use-surface up- permost on a smooth horizontal surface. Dimensions in millimetres, except where otherwise stated Figure 2 - Tip of a tapestry needle IS0 10834:1992(E) 8.3 Holding the instrument by the
33、 lifting handle (5.1.5), lower it gently on to the specimen and note the gauge reading to the nearest 0,l mm, within 5 s. None of the needles of the probe shall be within 20 mm of the edge of the specimen when a measurement is made. (When a specimen of more than one thickness level or pile construct
34、ion is being tested, no part of the presser foot shall be within 20 mm of a change of construction.) The minimum distance between successive measurements shall be 25 mm and, where possible, the measurements shall be located on different machine-direction and cross-direction lines. 8.4 Unless otherwi
35、se directed in material specifi- cations, make sufficient measurements to ensure that the mean of the values will have confidence limits (precision) of + 5 % at a probability level of - 95 %. 8.4.1 If the typical coefficient of variation for the style of textile floor covering being tested is reliab
36、ly known by prior experience, compute the number of measurements required to attain the desired confi- dence limits, using the equation given in 8.4.5. 8.4.2 If there is no reliable prior knowledge re- garding the coefficient of variation for the sample style, make IO measurements, 8.4.3 Calculate t
37、he mean and the coefficient of variation for the measurements made. Compute the confidence limits CL, expressed as a percentage, using the equation: CL= +tx - II- ?I where t is the appropriate value of Students I; CV is the coefficient of variation, expressed as a percentage; is the number of measur
38、ements. NOTE 2 Annex A contains selected values of Students t appropriate for use in the majority of situations that will arise in the use of this test procedure. 8.4.4 If the confidence limits fall within + 5 % (or other specified values), discontinue testing. 8.4.5 If the confidence limits fall ou
39、tside + 5 % (or other specified values), compute the total number of measurements n required, using the equation: t* x cv* rl = CL2 where t, CV and CL are as defined in 8.4.3. 8.4.6 Make the additional measurements required and, using all values obtained, calculate anew the mean, the coefficient of
40、variation and the confidence limits. 8.4.7 Repeat steps 8.4.4 to 8.4.6 as necessary until the final confidence limits fall within + 5 % (or other - specified values). 8.5 When a sample of textile floor coverings has distinct regions of different pile level or of different pile types (loop, cut, tip-
41、sheared), test each level or type separately, following the procedure specified in 8.4. 9 Calculation and expression of results For each thickness level or type of pile construction in the sample, calculate the arithmetic mean and the coefficient of variation of the pile thickness measurements. Reco
42、rd the mean to the nearest 0,I mm. 10 Test report The test report shall include the following particu- lars: a W C d) e) 9 all the information necessary for complete identification of the sample; the date of the test; a reference to this International Standard; for the laboratory test, the standard
43、atmosphere (IS0 139) used and, for tests outside the Iabora- tory, the temperature and relative humidity at the test location, together with any other pertinent information regarding the location; for each thickness level or type of pile con- struction in the sample, the arithmetic mean of the pile
44、thickness, the coefficient of variation and the number of measurements made; any operations not specified in this International Standard or in the International Standards to which reference is made, or regarded as op- tional, which might have affected the results. IS0 10834:1992(E) Annex A (informat
45、ive) Values of Students t for probability level of 95 % and two-sided confidences (i.e. + limits) 21 22 23 24 23 2,069 25 24 2,064 26 25 2,060 27 26 2,056 28 27 2,052 29 28 2,048 30 29 2,045 31 30 2,042 41 61 00 Degrees OT meeaorn 3 3,182 4 2,776 5 2,571 6 2,447 7 2,365 a 2,306 9 2,262 10 2,228 11 2,201 12 2,179 13 2,160 14 2,145 15 2,131 16 2,120 17 2,110 ia 2,101 19 2,093 20 2,086 21 2,080 22 2,074 40 60 2,021 2,000 1,960
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