1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22645-9 SANS 1132:2009 Edition 2 ISO 132:2005 Edition 4SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination o
4、f flex cracking and crack growth (De Mattia) This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 132:2005 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 00
5、01 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. SANS 1132:2009 Edition 2 ISO 132:2005 Edition 4 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standa
6、rd was approved by National Committee SABS TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, in accordance with the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in April 2009. This SANS document supersedes SANS 1132:2003 (edition 1). This standard m
7、ay only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. Reference number ISO 132:2005(E) ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 132 Fourth edition 2005-10-15 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of flex cracking and crack growth (De Mattia) Caoutchouc vulca
8、nis ou thermoplastique Dtermination de la rsistance au dveloppement dune craquelure (De Mattia) SANS 1132:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 132:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accord
9、ance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes lic
10、ensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printi
11、ng. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this pu
12、blication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Ge
13、neva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reservedSANS 1132:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 132:2005(E) ISO 2005 All righ
14、ts reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Apparatus 1 4 Test pieces 2 4.1 Shape, dimensions and preparation. 2 4.2 Preparation of test pieces for cut growth measurement 3 4.3 Time interval between vulcanization and testing 3 4.4 Conditioning 3
15、4.5 Number of test pieces 5 5 Test conditions . 5 5.1 Temperature 5 5.2 Humidity. 5 6 Procedure 5 6.1 General. 5 6.2 Determination of flex cracking 5 6.3 Determination of crack growth 6 7 Expression of results . 6 7.1 Determination of flex cracking 6 7.2 Determination of crack growth 7 8 Precision 7
16、 9 Test report . 7 SANS 1132:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 132:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bo
17、dies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizatio
18、ns, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the
19、ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of th
20、e member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 132 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rub
21、ber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and analysis. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 132:1999), of which it constitutes a minor revision the main purpose of which was to update the normative references clause. SANS 1132:2009This standard may only be used and printed
22、 by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 132:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved v Introduction Repeated bending or flexing of a rubber causes cracks to develop in that part of the surface where tension stress is set up during flexing or, if this part of the surface contain
23、s a crack, causes this crack to extend in a direction perpendicular to the stress. Certain soft vulcanizates, for instance those prepared from styrene- butadiene rubber, show marked resistance to crack initiation, but it is possible for these vulcanizates to have a low resistance to growth (propagat
24、ion) of cracks. It is important, therefore, to measure both the resistance to crack initiation by flexing and the resistance to crack propagation. The method is suitable for rubbers that have reasonably stable stress-strain properties, at least after a period of cycling, and do not show undue stress
25、 softening or set, or highly viscous behaviour. The results obtained for some thermoplastic rubbers should be treated with caution if the elongation at yield is below, or close to, the maximum strain imposed during the test. SANS 1132:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscr
26、iption and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 1132:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 132:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 1 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of flex cracking an
27、d crack growth (De Mattia) WARNING Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety
28、 and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method of test intended for use in comparing the resistance of rubbers to the formation and growth of cracks, when subjected to repeated flexing on the De Mattia ty
29、pe machine. For determination of crack growth, an artificial cut is made in the test piece to initiate cut growth. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated refer
30、ences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 23529, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods 3 Apparatus 3.1 De Mattia type machine, the essential features of which are as follows: The machine has s
31、tationary parts, provided with grips for holding one end of each of the test pieces in a fixed position, and similar but reciprocating parts for holding the other end of each of the test pieces. The travel is 0,5 0 57 + mm and is such that the maximum distance between each set of opposing grips is 1
32、 0 75 + mm (see Figure 1). The reciprocating parts are so arranged that their motion is straight and in the direction of, and in the same plane as, the common centreline of each opposing pair of grips. The planes of the gripping surfaces of each opposing pair of grips remain parallel throughout the
33、motion. The eccentric which actuates the reciprocating parts is driven by a constant-speed motor to give 5,00 Hz 0,17 Hz, with sufficient power to flex at least six, and preferably twelve, test pieces at one test. The grips hold the test pieces firmly, without undue compression, and enable individua
34、l adjustment to be made to the test pieces to ensure accurate insertion. It is useful to arrange the test pieces in two equal groups, so that one group is being flexed while the other group is being straightened, thus reducing the vibration in the machine. For testing at elevated or subnormal temper
35、atures, the machine may be enclosed in a chamber with temperature control near the centre of the test piece to 2 C, if necessary, by using an air circulator. 3.2 Piercing tool and suitable jig, for piercing the test pieces (see 4.2). SANS 1132:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approv
36、ed subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 132:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres Key 1 upper grip 2 lower grip aTravel. Figure 1 De Mattia type machine 4 Test pieces 4.1 Shape, dimensions and preparation Each test piece shall be a strip with a moulded groov
37、e, as shown in Figure 2. The strips may be moulded individually in a multiple-cavity mould or may be cut from a wide slab having a moulded groove. The groove in the test piece shall have a smooth surface and be free from irregularities from which cracks may start prematurely. The groove shall be mou
38、lded into the test piece or slab by a half-round ridge in the centre of the cavity. The half-round ridge shall have a radius of 2,38 mm 0,03 mm. The moulded groove shall be perpendicular to the direction of calendering. Results may be compared only between test pieces having thicknesses, measured cl
39、ose to the groove, which are within the tolerances, because the results of the test are dependent upon the thickness of the test piece. If finished products are to be tested, test pieces without a groove can be used. They shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 23529. Cracks shall not be assessed o
40、n surfaces that have been cut or buffed. The use of test pieces cut and/or buffed from finished products shall be stated in the test report. SANS 1132:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 132:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reser
41、ved 3 Dimensions in millimetres Figure 2 Test piece 4.2 Preparation of test pieces for crack growth measurement Each test piece shall be prepared by piercing the bottom of the groove at a point equidistant from the sides, using a suitable jig. The piercing tool shall conform to the dimensions given
42、in Figure 3. The piercing tool shall be maintained perpendicular to both the transverse and longitudinal axes, and the cut accomplished by a single insertion and withdrawal of the tool. The cut shall be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the groove. Lubrication with water containing a suitable wet
43、ting agent may be used. A suitable jig shall be provided to hold the cutting tool; the exact details are not specified but the principles of operation shall be as follows: The test piece shall be held flat in a solid support. The cutting tool shall be normal to the support and placed centrally with
44、respect to the groove in the test piece, with the cutting edge of the piercing tool parallel to the axis of the groove. Means shall be provided for passing the piercing tool through the entire thickness of the rubber, and the support shall have a hole of a size just sufficient to permit the piercing
45、 tool to project through the base of the test piece to not less than 2,5 mm and not more than 3 mm. 4.3 Time interval between vulcanization and testing For all test purposes, the minimum time between vulcanization and testing shall be 16 h in accordance with ISO 23529. For non-product tests, the max
46、imum time between vulcanization and testing shall be 4 weeks and, for evaluations intended to be comparable, the tests shall, as far as possible, be carried out after the same time interval. As far as possible, samples and test pieces shall be kept away from exposure to light. 4.4 Conditioning For t
47、ests under standard laboratory conditions (see Clause 5), individually moulded test pieces shall be conditioned under the test conditions during a period of time in accordance with ISO 23529 immediately before testing. SANS 1132:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription
48、 and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 132:2005(E) 4 ISO 2005 All rights reservedSlab samples shall be similarly conditioned before the test pieces are cut. These test pieces may be either tested immediately or kept at the test temperature until tested. For tests at other temperatures (see Clause
49、5), after the conditioning period specified above the test pieces shall be brought to the test temperature by keeping in a chamber at this temperature for 3 h, then tested immediately (see ISO 23529). The same test temperature shall be used throughout any test or series of tests intended to be comparable. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 test piece Figure 3 Piercing tool SANS 1132:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 132:2005(E) ISO 2005 All
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