1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21198-1 SANS 11885:2008Edition 2ISO 11885:2007Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Water quality Determination of selected elements by
4、 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 11885:2007 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof priv
5、ate bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 11885:2008 Edition 2 ISO 11885:2007 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee
6、 StanSA SC 5140.19A, Water Water sampling and analysis, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in April 2008. This SANS document supersedes SANS 11885:1996 (edition 1 and national amendment 1). Re
7、ference numberISO 11885:2007(E)ISO 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO11885Second edition2007-08-01Water quality Determination of selected elements by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) Qualit de leau Dosage dlments choisis par spectroscopie dmission optique avec plasma in
8、duit par haute frquence (ICP-OES) SANS 11885:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 11885:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be print
9、ed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no lia
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11、suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
12、or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01
13、11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 All rights reservedSANS 11885:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 11885:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iiiContents
14、 Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Principle5 5 Recommended wavelengths, limits of quantification and important spectral interferences5 6 Interferences 9 7 Reagents.11 8 Apparatus .14 9 Sampling and preservation.15 10 Procedure .18 11 Exp
15、ression of results 20 12 Test report 20 Annex A (informative) Special digestion methods 21 Annex B (informative) Precision data22 Annex C (informative) Description of the matrices of the samples used for the interlaboratory trial .26 Bibliography 28 SANS 11885:2008This s tandard may only be used and
16、 printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 11885:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International St
17、andards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also
18、 take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committee
19、s is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possib
20、ility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 11885 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Physical, chemical and biochemical method
21、s. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11885:1996), which has been technically revised. SANS 11885:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 11885:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved vIntroduction Wh
22、en applying this International Standard, it is necessary in each case, depending on the range to be tested, to determine if and to what extent additional conditions should be established. SANS 11885:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of t
23、he SABS .SANS 11885:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11885:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1Water quality Determination of selected elements by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spe
24、ctrometry (ICP-OES) WARNING Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate
25、 safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. IMPORTANT It is absolutely essential that tests conducted according to this International Standard be carried out by suitably trained staff. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the d
26、etermination of dissolved elements, elements bound to particles (“particulate”) and total content of elements in different types of water (e.g. ground, surface, raw, potable and waste water) for the following elements: aluminium, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, bismuth, boron, cadmium, calcium
27、, chromium, cobalt, copper, gallium, indium, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, silicon, silver, sodium, strontium, sulfur, tin, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zinc and zirconium. Taking into account the specific and additionally occurring
28、interferences, these elements can also be determined in digests of water, sludges and sediments (for example, digests of water as specified in ISO 15587-1 or ISO 15587-2). The method is suitable for mass concentrations of particulate matter in waste water below 2 g/l. The scope of this method may be
29、 extended to other matrices or to higher amounts of particulate matter if it can be shown that additionally occurring interferences are considered and corrected for carefully. It is up to the user to demonstrate the fitness for purpose. Recommended wavelengths, limits of quantification and important
30、 spectral interferences for the selected elements are given in Table 1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
31、 document (including any amendments) applies. ISO Guide 30, Terms and definitions used in connection with reference materials ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods ISO 5667-1, Water quality Sampling Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes and samp
32、ling techniques ISO 5667-3, Water quality Sampling Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water samples ISO 7027, Water quality Determination of turbidity SANS 11885:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 11885:
33、2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reservedISO 15587-1, Water quality Digestion for the determination of selected elements in water Part 1: Aqua regia digestion ISO 15587-2, Water quality Digestion for the determination of selected elements in water Part 2: Nitric acid digestion 3 Terms and definitions F
34、or the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 accuracy closeness of agreement between test result and the accepted reference value NOTE The term accuracy, when applied to a set of observed values, describes a combination of random error components and common system
35、atic error components. Accuracy includes precision and trueness. 3.2 analyte element(s) to be determined 3.3 background equivalent concentration BEC elemental concentration required to produce an analyte signal with the same intensity as a background signal 3.4 calibration blank solution prepared in
36、 the same way as the calibration solution but leaving out the analyte 3.5 calibration solution solution used to calibrate the instrument, prepared from (a) stock solution(s) or from a certified standard 3.6 calibration check solution solution of known composition within the range of the calibration
37、solutions, but prepared independently 3.7 determination entire process from preparing the test sample solution up to and including measurement and calculation of the final result 3.8 instrument performance check solution solution used to determine and control the instrument drift for relevant analyt
38、es 3.9 linearity straight line relationship between the (mean) result of measurement (signal) and the quantity (concentration) of the component to be determined SANS 11885:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 11885:2007(E)
39、ISO 2007 All rights reserved 33.10 limit of detection XLDsmallest amount or concentration of an analyte in the test sample that can be reliably distinguished from zero NOTE The limit of detection shall be calculated as: LD 03X s= where XLDis the limit of detection; s0is the standard deviation of the
40、 outlier-free results of at least 3 measurements of a reagent blank solution (3.14) ISO 13530 3.11 limit of quantification XLQ the smallest amount or concentration of an analyte in the test sample which can be determined with a fixed precision EXAMPLE Relative standard deviation srel= 33,3 % LQ LD 0
41、39X Xs= ISO 13530 3.12 mean result mean value of n results, calculated as intensity (ratio) or as mass concentration () NOTE The mass concentration is expressed in units of milligrams per litre, mg/l. 3.13 precision closeness of agreement between independent test results obtained under prescribed co
42、nditions NOTE Precision depends only on the distribution of random errors and does not relate to true value or the specified value. 3.14 reagent blank solution prepared by adding to the solvent the same amounts of reagents as those added to the test sample solution (same final volume) 3.15 reproduci
43、bility precision under reproducibility conditions ISO 3534-2:2006, definition 3.3.10 3.16 reproducibility conditions observation conditions where independent test/measurement results are obtained with the same method on identical test/measurement items in different test or measurement facilities wit
44、h different operators using different equipment ISO 3534-2:2006, definition 3.3.11 SANS 11885:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 11885:2007(E) 4 ISO 2007 All rights reserved3.17 reproducibility standard deviation standard
45、 deviation of test results or measurement results obtained under reproducibility conditions ISO 3534-2:2006, definition 3.3.12 3.18 reproducibility limit R reproducibility critical difference for a specified probability of 95 % ISO 3534-2:2006, definition 3.3.14 3.19 repeatability precision under re
46、peatability conditions ISO 3534-2:2006, definition 3.3.5 3.20 repeatability conditions observation conditions where independent test/measurement results are obtained with the same method on identical test/measurement items in the same test or measuring facility by the same operator using the same eq
47、uipment within short intervals of time ISO 3534-2:2006, definition 3.3.6 3.21 repeatability standard deviation standard deviation of test results or measurement results obtained under repeatability conditions ISO 3534-2:2006, definition 3.3.7 3.22 repeatability limit r repeatability critical differe
48、nce for a specified probability of 95 % ISO 3534-2:2006, definition 3.3.9 3.23 stock solution solution with accurately known analyte concentration(s), prepared from chemicals with an appropriate purity NOTE Stock solutions are reference materials within the meaning of ISO Guide 30. 3.24 test sample
49、prepared from the laboratory sample (for example by grinding, homogenizing) 3.25 test sample solution solution prepared with the fraction (test portion) of the test sample according to the appropriate specifications, such that it can be used for the envisaged measurement SANS 11885:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 11885:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 53.26 total element concentration concentration
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