1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 0-626-18339-1 SANS 12142:2006 Edition 1 ISO 12142:2001 Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Electronic imaging Media error monitoring and report
4、ing techniques for verification of stored data on optical digital data disks This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 12142:2001 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenk
5、loof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 12142:2006 Edition 1 ISO 12142:2001 Edition 1 Table
6、of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA TC 171, Document Management Applications, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This standard may only be u
7、sed and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. Reference number ISO 12142:2001(E) ISO 2001INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12142 First edition 2001-11-15 Electronic imaging Media error monitoring and reporting techniques for verification of stored data on optical digital dat
8、a disks Imagerie lectronique Mthodes de surveillance et dtablissement de compte rendu derreurs pour la vrification des donnes stockes sur des disques optiques numriques This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 12142:2001(E) PDF discl
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11、e file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2001 All ri
12、ghts reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of t
13、he requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2001 All rights reserved This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients o
14、f the SABS.ISO 12142:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Forewordv Introductionvi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Requirements.3 5 Conventions .4 6 Capabilities of media error monitoring techniques .4 7 High-level techniques5 7.1 Introduction5 7.2 Fun
15、ctional commands.6 7.2.1 Generic command description.6 7.2.2 Define Media Error Recovery Procedures (DMERP) 6 7.2.3 Read Defect Data List (RDDL) 7 7.2.4 Read Media Error Data (RDMED) .7 7.2.5 Read Log Data (RLD).8 7.2.6 Set Media Error Levels (SMEL) 9 7.2.7 Set Verify Media Error Levels (SVMEL).9 8
16、SCSI-2 level techniques 10 8.1 Introduction10 8.2 The FORMAT UNIT command 11 8.2.1 Introduction11 8.2.2 Requirements for media error monitoring and reporting11 8.3 The LOG SELECT command 12 8.3.1 Introduction12 8.3.2 Requirements for media error monitoring and reporting12 8.4 The LOG SENSE command 1
17、3 8.4.1 Introduction13 8.4.2 Requirements for media error monitoring and reporting13 8.5 The MODE SELECT command .13 8.5.1 Introduction13 8.5.2 Requirements for media error monitoring and reporting13 8.6 The MODE SENSE command .14 8.6.1 Introduction14 8.6.2 Requirements for media error monitoring an
18、d reporting14 8.7 The READ DEFECT DATA command.14 8.7.1 Introduction14 8.7.2 Requirements for media error monitoring and reporting14 8.8 The READ LONG command16 8.8.1 Introduction16 8.8.2 Requirements for media error monitoring and reporting16 8.9 The REQUEST SENSE command.17 8.9.1 Introduction17 8.
19、9.2 Requirements for media error monitoring and reporting17 8.10 The VERIFY command 19 8.10.1 Introduction19 8.10.2 Requirements for media error monitoring and reporting19 8.11 The WRITE AND VERIFY command.19 This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients
20、 of the SABS.ISO 12142:2001(E) iv ISO 2001 All rights reserved 8.11.1 Introduction19 8.11.2 Requirements for media error monitoring and reporting19 8.12 Parameters for optical disk devices 20 8.12.1 Media error monitoring and reporting associated parameters.20 8.12.2 Mode parameters .20 8.12.3 Log p
21、arameters22 Annex A (informative) Recommendations on Verify Media Error Levels for early warning and Media Error Levels for sector retirement32 A.1 Introduction32 A.2 Sector retirement guidelines according to ISO/IEC 10089 32 A.3 Sector retirement guidelines according to ISO/IEC 13403 32 Annex B (in
22、formative) Guidelines for use of media error monitoring and reporting techniques for the verification of stored data on optical digital data disks 33 B.1 Introduction33 B.2 Media error monitoring tools provided by this International Standard .34 B.2.1 Introduction34 B.2.2 Interpreting media error re
23、ports.35 B.3 Deciding what to test.36 B.3.1 Introduction36 B.3.2 Sampling methods.37 B.3.3 Estimation from sampling methods.38 B.3.4 Using baseline media error parameters 40 B.4 Analysing media error reports provided by optical disk subsystems or devices complying to this International Standard, or
24、similar media error reports 40 B.4.1 Introduction40 B.4.2 Automating media testing.40 B.4.3 Media error testing and log maintenance .40 B.4.4 Sample graphs of media error reports specified in this International Standard 41 B.5 Using error distributions and statistical models to evaluate data integri
25、ty 56 B.5.1 Introduction56 B.5.2 Error distributions and burst lengths56 B.5.3 The uniform random error model.58 B.5.4 Gilbert models of burst length distributions 59 Annex C (informative) Modified Gilbert Model .61 Annex D (informative) Uniform, random error distributions.63 D.1 General description
26、 .63 D.2 Sector distribution of bytes in error 63 D.3 Maximum number of bytes in error per codeword per sector 63 D.4 Distribution of the number of bytes in error per codeword per sector64 D.4.1 General64 D.4.2 Maximum number of bytes in error per codeword per sector, first approach 64 D.4.3 Maximum
27、 number of bytes in error per codeword per sector, second approach 64 Bibliography 66 This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 12142:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardizati
28、on) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be re
29、presented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards
30、are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
31、 a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 12142 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17
32、1, Document imaging applications, Subcommittee SC 1, Quality. Annexes A to D of this International Standard are for information only. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 12142:2001(E) vi ISO 2001 All rights reserved Introduction
33、 Data and records managers in many organizations are already using optical disk-based information systems for storing and retrieving large data sets and for storing valuable information. The optical disk drives that are part of these systems are designed with powerful, but not unlimited, error corre
34、ction capabilities. If the level of errors in an optical digital data disk sector exceeds the error detection and correction mechanisms implemented in the optical disk drive controller, the sector cannot be corrected (data loss might occur). System managers would like to be able to use media error m
35、onitoring and reporting techniques to verify the information stored on optical digital data disks, both initially when the data is transferred to that media and periodically to monitor the status of their data. The Media Error Levels of correction taking place in the optical disk drive controller gi
36、ve an indication of the status of data saved on these optical digital data disks. This International Standard documents two approaches of media error monitoring and reporting techniques to verify stored data on optical digital data disks: a high-level approach with functional commands; an implementa
37、tion of a set of Small Computer System Interface-2 (SCSI-2) commands. The high-level interface approach is independent of the host operating system (e.g. DOS, UNIX, OS/2, etc.) and the interface that communicates between the optical disk device and the host (e.g. SCSI-2, IPI, LAN, etc.). In addition
38、, this high-level interface is media type and size independent. That is, it can be used with systems that use Write-Once-Read-Many (WORM), rewritable, or partially read-only media; and with optical disk drives for different media sizes from 90 mm to 356 mm media. Standard information about media err
39、ors allows end users and system integrators to retrieve the same information even if their configurations consist of drives of different types, sizes, and manufacturers. This information can be retrieved using the same software, which can be integrated into the media error information utilities or d
40、evice drivers. The SCSI interface can be used instead of the high-level interface by using the selected set of SCSI-2 commands. This selected set of SCSI-2 commands allows system manufacturers to develop drive type and size independent data verification tools at the SCSI level through the use of med
41、ia error monitoring and reporting techniques. The use of a selected standard set of commands and approaches for media error monitoring and reporting allows any implementor to use a common set of software tools that do not change from drive to drive. The media error information that can be obtained u
42、sing the high-level or SCSI-2 tools includes: a list of reallocated sectors; corrections above some Media Error Levels; warning above some Verify Media Error Levels; the total number of bytes in error, the number of bytes in error per sector, and the maximum number of bytes in error in any sector co
43、deword; the uncorrected or corrected sector content; errors encountered when reading header information, such as the sector address, sector marks, and synchronization signals; the maximum length of contiguous defective bytes. By acquiring optical disk-based information systems that comply with this
44、International Standard, system managers will be able to access media error information at both a functional (higher) level and an interface level for optical This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 12142:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights
45、reserved viidisk drives that implement ISO/IEC 9316. These tools facilitate a better understanding of the status of information stored on optical digital data disks. The tools provide for design of more efficient media error monitoring and reporting techniques, and data verification and recopying po
46、licies for transferring recorded data to similar or different media in a timely and economic manner. These media error monitoring and reporting techniques also allow system managers to obtain media error information either in quasi-real time or during off-line operations. These techniques provide da
47、ta recovery and media error monitoring tools with different levels of sophistication. Information on media errors can be obtained, which will enable the highlighting of trends on particular selected disks or in their entire data sets. Decisions on frequency of use of these tools and the level of sop
48、histication selected are not part of this International Standard. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS
49、O 12142:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 1Electronic imaging Media error monitoring and reporting techniques for verification of stored data on optical digital data disks 1 Scope This International Standard specifies two techniques for media error monitoring and reporting for the verification of data stored on optical digital data disks: high-level, which uses a set of functional commands; SCSI-2 level, which uses a set of SCSI-2 commands. It specifies two media error monitoring and reporting levels: system
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