SANS 12402-2-2007 Personal flotation devices Part 2 Lifejackets performance level 275 - Safety requirements《个人漂浮装置 第2部分 救生衣性能水平275 安全要求》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-19062-0 SANS 12402-2:2007Edition 1ISO 12402-2:2006Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Personal flotation devices Part 2: Lifejackets,

4、 performance level 275 Safety requirements This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 12402-2:2006 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0

5、001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 12402-2:2007 Edition 1 ISO 12402-2:2006 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA SC 5110.06A

6、, Life jackets and small craft Life jackets, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This part of SANS 12402 was published in January 2007. This SANS edition cancels and replaces SANS 146:2004, SANS 170 (SABS 170:1977) and SANS 96

7、4 (SABS 964:1999) in part. Reference numberISO 12402-2:2006(E)ISO 2006INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO12402-2First edition2006-09-01Personal flotation devices Part 2: Lifejackets, performance level 275 Safety requirements quipements individuels de flottabilit Partie 2: Gilets de sauvetage, niveau de perfo

8、rmance 275 Exigences de scurit SANS 12402-2:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 12402-2:2006(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be prin

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11、 suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2006 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or b

12、y any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-m

13、ail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2006 All rights reservedSANS 12402-2:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 12402-2:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introd

14、uction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Classification. 3 4.1 Classes 3 4.2 Performance levels. 4 5 Requirements 4 5.1 General. 4 5.2 Combination of lifejackets and accessories5 5.3 Types of buoyancy . 6 5.4 Conspicuousness. 7 5.5 Strength . 7 5.6 Performance 8 5

15、.7 Multi-chamber buoyancy systems 9 6 Marking 9 6.1 General. 9 6.2 Information on the lifejacket 9 7 Information supplied by the manufacturer 11 8 Consumer information at point of sale. 11 8.1 General. 11 8.2 Plain text version 11 8.3 Data list 14 8.4 Pictograms 15 8.5 Colour-code. 15 Bibliography .

16、 16 SANS 12402-2:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 12402-2:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (

17、ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, go

18、vernmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IE

19、C Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the memb

20、er bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 12402-2 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN

21、) Technical Committee CEN/TC 162, Protective clothing including hand and arm protection and lifejackets, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 188, Small craft, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). ISO 12402 consists of the foll

22、owing parts, under the general title Personal flotation devices: Part 1: Lifejackets for seagoing ships Safety requirements Part 2: Lifejackets, performance level 275 Safety requirements Part 3: Lifejackets, performance level 150 Safety requirements Part 4: Lifejackets, performance level 100 Safety

23、requirements Part 5: Buoyancy aids (level 50) Safety requirements Part 6: Special purpose lifejackets and buoyancy aids Safety requirements and additional test methods Part 7: Materials and components Safety requirements and test methods Part 8: Accessories Safety requirements and test methods Part

24、9: Test methods Part 10: Selection and application of personal flotation devices and other relevant devices SANS 12402-2:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 12402-2:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved vIntroduction ISO 12

25、402 has been prepared to give guidance on the design and application of personal flotation devices (hereafter referred to as PFDs) for persons engaged in activities, whether in relation to their work or their leisure, in or near water. PFDs manufactured, selected, and maintained to this standard sho

26、uld give a reasonable assurance of safety from drowning to a person who is immersed in water. Requirements for lifejackets on large, commercial seagoing ships are regulated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). ISO

27、12402-1 addresses lifejackets for seagoing ships. ISO 12402 allows for the buoyancy of a PFD to be provided by a wide variety of materials or designs, some of which may require preparation before entering the water (e.g. inflation of chambers by gas from a cylinder or blown in orally). However, PFDs

28、 can be divided into the following two main classes: those which provide face up in-water support to the user regardless of physical conditions (lifejackets), and those which require the user to make swimming and other postural movements to position the user with the face out of the water (buoyancy

29、aids). Within these main two classes there are a number of levels of support, types of buoyancy, activation methods for inflatable devices, and auxiliary items (such as location aids), all of which will affect the users probability of survival. Within the different types of buoyancy allowed, inflata

30、ble PFDs either provide full buoyancy without any user intervention other than arming (i.e. PFDs inflated by a fully automatic method) or require the user to initiate the inflation. Hybrid PFDs always provide some buoyancy but rely on the same methods as inflatable PFDs to achieve full buoyancy. Wit

31、h inherently buoyant PFDs, the user only needs to put the PFD on to achieve the performance of its class. PFDs that do not require intervention (automatically operating PFDs) are suited to activities where persons are likely to enter the water unexpectedly; whereas PFDs requiring intervention (e.g.

32、manually inflated PFDs) are only suitable for use if the user believes there will be sufficient time to produce full buoyancy, or help is close at hand. In every circumstance, the user should ensure that the operation of the PFD is suited to the specific application. The conformity of a PFD to this

33、part of ISO 12402 does not imply that it is suitable for all circumstances. The relative amount of required inspection and maintenance is another factor of paramount importance in the choice and application of specific PFDs. ISO 12402 is intended to serve as a guide to manufacturers, purchasers, and

34、 users of such safety equipment in ensuring that the equipment provides an effective standard of performance in use. Equally essential is the need for the designer to encourage the wearing of the equipment by making it comfortable and attractive for continuous wear on or near water, rather than for

35、it to be stored in a locker for emergency use. Throwable devices and flotation cushions are not covered by this part of ISO 12402. The primary function of a PFD is to support the user in reasonable safety in the water. Within the two classes, alternative attributes make some PFDs better suited to so

36、me circumstances than others or make them easier to use and care for than others. Important alternatives allowed by ISO 12402 are the following: to provide higher levels of support (levels 100, 150, or 275) that generally float the user with greater water clearance, enabling the users efforts to be

37、expended in recovery rather than avoiding waves; or to provide lighter or less bulky PFDs (levels 50 or 100); to provide the kinds of flotation (inherently buoyant foam, hybrid, and inflatable) that will accommodate the sometimes conflicting needs of reliability and durability, in-water performance,

38、 and continuous wear; SANS 12402-2:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 12402-2:2006(E) vi ISO 2006 All rights reserved to provide automatically operating (inherently buoyant or automatically inflated) PFDs that float users

39、 without any intervention on their part, except in initially donning the PFD (and regular inspection and rearming of inflatable types), or to provide user control of the inflatable PFDs buoyancy by manual and oral operation; and to assist in detection (location aids) and recovery of the user. PFDs p

40、rovide various degrees of buoyancy in garments that are light in weight and only as bulky and restrictive as needed for their intended use. They will need to be secure when worn, in order to provide positive support in the water and to allow the user to swim or actively assist herself/himself or oth

41、ers. The PFD selected shall ensure that the user is supported with the mouth and nose clear of the water under the expected conditions of use and the users ability to assist. Under certain conditions (such as rough water and waves), the use of watertight and multilayer clothing, which provide (inten

42、tionally or otherwise) additional buoyancy, or the use of equipment with additional weight (such as tool belts) will likely alter the performance of the PFD. Users, owners and employers need to ensure that this is taken into account when selecting a PFD. Similarly, PFDs may not perform as well in ex

43、tremes of temperature, although fully approved under this part of ISO 12402. PFDs may also be affected by other conditions of use, such as chemical exposure and welding, and may require additional protection to meet the specific requirements of use. If the user intends taking a PFD into such conditi

44、ons, she/he has to be assured that the PFD will not be adversely affected. This part of ISO 12402 also allows a PFD to be an integral part of a safety harness designed to conform to ISO 12401, or an integral part of a garment with other uses, for example to provide thermal protection during immersio

45、n, in which case the complete assembly as used is required to conform to this part of ISO 12402. In compiling the attributes required of a PFD, consideration has also been given to the potential length of service that the user might expect. Whilst a PFD needs to be of substantial construction and ma

46、terial, its potential length of service often depends on the conditions of use and storage, which are the responsibility of the owner, user and/or employer. Furthermore, whilst the performance tests included are believed to assess relevant aspects of performance in real-life use, they do not accurat

47、ely simulate all conditions of this. For example, the fact that a device passes the self-righting tests in swimming attire, as described herein, does not guarantee that it will self-right an unconscious user wearing waterproof clothing; neither can it be expected to completely protect the airway of

48、an unconscious person in rough water. Waterproof clothing can trap air and further impede the self-righting action of a lifejacket. It is essential that owners, users and employers choose those PFDs that meet the correct standards for the circumstances in which they will be used. Manufacturers and t

49、hose selling PFDs have to make clear to prospective purchasers the product properties, alternative choices and the limitations to normal use, prior to the purchase. Similarly, those framing legislation regarding the use of these garments should consider carefully which class and performance levels are most appropriate for the foreseeable conditions of use, allowing for the higher risk circumstances. These higher risk circumstances should account for the highest probabilities of occurrence of acci