SANS 15084-2008 Small craft - Anchoring mooring and towing - Strong points《小艇 投锚、停泊和牵引 坚固支撑点》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21829-4 SANS 15084:2008 Edition 1 ISO 15084:2003 Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Small craft Anchoring, mooring and towing Strong

4、 points This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 15084:2003, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 fax: +27 1

5、2 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 15084:2008 Edition 1 ISO 15084:2003 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Comm

6、ittee SABS TC 188, Small craft, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in August 2008. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.

7、 Reference number ISO 15084:2003(E) ISO 2003INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15084 First edition 2003-02-15 Small craft Anchoring, mooring and towing Strong points Petits navires Mouillage, amarrage et remorquage Points dancrage SANS 15084:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscri

8、ption and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 15084:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the

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11、m the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2003 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from ei

12、ther ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2003 All rights reservedSANS 15084:2008This s

13、tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 15084:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Symbols . 2 5 General requirements . 2 6 Strength requiremen

14、ts 3 7 Detailed requirements 4 8 Owners manual 4 9 Strength of synthetic fibre ropes 4 Annex A (normative) Information to be provided in the owners manual 5 Annex B (informative) Material strength of synthetic fibre ropes/dimensions of strong points 6 Bibliography . 7 SANS 15084:2008This standard ma

15、y only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 15084:2003(E) iv ISO 2003 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing

16、 International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liais

17、on with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of te

18、chnical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is dr

19、awn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15084 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 188, Small craft. SANS 15084:2008This standard may only be used

20、 and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15084:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 1Small craft Anchoring, mooring and towing Strong points 1 Scope This International Standard specifies requirements for strong points for attaching chains,

21、cables and lines for anchoring, mooring and towing small craft. It does not specify the requirement for any strong point from which the craft can tow other vessels. This standard is applicable to small craft with a hull length up to 24 m. This International Standard does not define anchor weights or

22、 the length of chains and lines. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) ap

23、plies. ISO 8666:2002, Small craft Principal data 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 strong point any fitting on a boat designed to be used for the attachment of anchor chains, anchor lines, tow lines, and warps EXAMPLES Bollards,

24、 cleats, samson posts, mast steps, bow eyes on trailerable craft, winches, windlasses, capstans and similar devices 3.2 design category sea and wind conditions for which a boat is assessed to be suitable 3.2.1 design category A category for “ocean” sailing category of boats considered suitable for s

25、ignificant wave heights above 4 m and wind speeds in excess of Beaufort Force 8, but excluding abnormal conditions, e.g. hurricanes 3.2.2 design category B category for “offshore” sailing category of boats considered suitable for significant wave heights up to 4 m and wind speeds of Beaufort Force 8

26、 or less SANS 15084:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 15084:2003(E) 2 ISO 2003 All rights reserved3.2.3 design category C category for “inshore” sailing category of boats considered suitable for significant wave heights up

27、 to 2 m and wind speeds of Beaufort Force 6 or less 3.2.4 design category D category for sailing in “sheltered” waters category of boats considered suitable for significant wave heights up to and including 0,30 m with occasional waves of 0,5 m height, for example from passing vessels, and wind speed

28、s of Beaufort Force 4 or less 3.3 fully loaded ready-for-use condition boat with a displacement mass m LDCaccording to ISO 8666, fully equipped for the intended use 3.4 breaking strength strength limit at which a strong point, its fastening elements or the supporting or surrounding structure start t

29、o display permanent deformation or evidence of structural failure, e.g. material damage 4 Symbols For the purposes of this International Standard, the symbols and associated units in Table 1 apply. Table 1 Symbols Symbol Unit Meaning Reference L Cm Calculation length 6.2 L Hm Length of the hull, acc

30、ording to ISO 8666 ISO 8666 L WLm Length of the waterline, according to ISO 8666 ISO 8666 P nkN Horizontal load on the strong point 6.2 f Design category coefficient 6.2 m LDCkg Loaded displacement mass of the craft ISO 8666 5 General requirements 5.1 A strong point may be used for different purpose

31、s. An anchoring or towing strong point may be used for mooring. 5.2 The minimum number of strong points shall be as follows: all craft: one anchoring/towing point forward; craft over 6 m L H : at least one mooring point aft; craft over 12 m L H : at least one additional mooring point both forward an

32、d aft; craft over 18 m L H : at least one additional mooring point both port and starboard. SANS 15084:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 15084:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 36 Strength requirements 6.1 Introduction

33、The assessment of the breaking strength shall be made according to 6.2, 6.3 or 6.4. 6.2 Horizontal load Each strong point shall be designed and installed, so that it will take a horizontal load, P n , in kilonewtons without failure of the strong point or the surrounding structure to which it is atta

34、ched: forward, for anchoring and being towed: ( ) 1C 4,3 5, 4 PfL = forward, for mooring: ( ) 2C 3,5 4,3 PfL = aft ( ) 3C 3,0 3,8 PfL = where f = 1,0 (design categories A and B) = 0,9 (design category C) = 0,75 (design category D) L C is the calculation length: HW L C 2 LL L + = The breaking strengt

35、h of a strong point for any application need not be higher than that required to withstand a load representing the mass of the boat in the fully loaded ready-for-use condition, m LDC . 6.3 Direct calculation The assessment of the breaking strength of the strong points may be made by direct calculati

36、on, taking into account the design category, the configuration of the craft with special regard to the windage area, the hull form, and the wave spectrum in the intended area of operation. 6.4 Matching strength Where a boat manufacturer specifies or supplies lines, chains or cables which exceed the

37、requirements of 6.2 (e.g. where the craft is intended to be used in extreme conditions or lines are required to be easier to handle), the breaking strength of the related strong point shall be not less than 125 % of the rope or chain that is specified or supplied. SANS 15084:2008This standard may on

38、ly be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 15084:2003(E) 4 ISO 2003 All rights reserved7 Detailed requirements 7.1 Structural support Craft structures in the vicinity of strong points shall be reinforced to take the loads calculated according to 6.2 to 6.

39、4. Doubling plates or washers of adequate size shall be used where the strong points are secured with nuts and bolts. 7.2 Corrosion resistance Strong points shall be made of materials that are resistant to or protected against corrosion. Where non-metallic (plastics) strong points are provided, the

40、material shall be UV stabilized. In addition, a warning notice shall be listed in the owners manual to replace strong points showing visible signs of deterioration. 7.3 Labelling Where the intended use of a strong point for anchoring and/or being towed is not self evident, the strong point shall be

41、labelled. 8 Owners manual The information specified in Annex A shall be included in the owners manual 9 Strength of synthetic fibre ropes See Annex B for information. SANS 15084:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 15084:2003

42、(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 5Annex A (normative) Information to be provided in the owners manual A.1 Caution The boat manufacturer shall provide information on the breaking strength of the strong points. The breaking strength of lines/chains shall in general not exceed 80 % of the breaking stre

43、ngth of the respective strong point. A.2 Caution Where the purpose of a specific strong point is not self evident, the boat manufacturer shall label the strong point (strong point designated for anchoring and/or towing) and provide suitable information in the owners manual. A.3 Caution Always tow or

44、 be towed at a slow speed. Never exceed the hull speed of a displacement craft when being towed. A.4 Caution A tow line shall always be made fast in such a way that it can be released when under load. A.5 Responsibility It is the owners/operators responsibility to ensure that mooring lines, towing l

45、ines, anchor chain(s), anchor lines and anchor(s) are adequate for the vessels intended use, i.e. the lines or chains do not exceed 80 % of the breaking strength of the respective strong point. Owners should also consider what action will be necessary when securing a tow line on board. A.6 Non-metal

46、lic strong points Where non-metallic strong points are installed, their limited life time shall be taken into consideration. They shall be replaced once they show any signs of deterioration, visible surface cracks or permanent deformation. NOTE Black items are less prone to UV degradation than light

47、-coloured ones. SANS 15084:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 15084:2003(E) 6 ISO 2003 All rights reservedAnnex B (informative) Material strength of synthetic fibre ropes/dimensions of strong points Boat builders should use

48、 the rope/chain manufacturers published technical information or the appropriate International Standards to ascertain the minimum breaking strength of lines/chains in order to establish the dimensions of the strong points. For conventional synthetic fibre ropes, Table B.1 may be used as guidance. Ta

49、ble B.1 Mechanical properties of 3-strand hawser-laid synthetic ropes Polyamide ropes Polyester ropes Polypropylene ropes Nominal diameter Minimum breaking strength (ISO 1140) Nominal diameter Minimum breaking strength (ISO 1141) Nominal diameter Minimum breaking strength (ISO 1346) mm kN mm kN mm kN 6 7,35 6 5,8 6 5,9 8 13,2 8 10,5 8 10,4 10 20,4 10 16,8 10 15,3 12 29,4 12 24,0 12 21,7 14 40,2 14 33,7 14 29,9 16 52,0 16 43,4 16 37,0 18 65,7 18 54,8 18 47,2 20 81,4 20 68,2 20 56,9 22 98,0 22 82,