SANS 20474-1-2010 Earth-moving machinery - Safety Part 1 General requirements《土方机械 安全性 第1部分：一般要求》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-23548-2 SANS 20474-1:2010Edition 1ISO 20474-1:2008Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General r

4、equirements This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 20474-1:2008, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax:

5、+27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 20474-1:2010 Edition 1 ISO 20474-1:2008 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1034, Agricultural, earth-moving, forestry and construction equipment and machine

6、ry, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in January 2010. Reference numberISO 20474-1:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO20474-1First edition2008-12-15Earth-moving machinery Safety Pa

7、rt 1: General requirements Engins de terrassement Scurit Partie 1: Exigences gnrales SANS 20474-1:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 20474-1:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordan

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12、 Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedSANS 20474-1:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .I

13、SO 20474-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures5 4.1 General5 4.2 Access 5 4.3 Operators station 6 4.4 Seats .9 4.5 Operators controls and indica

14、tors10 4.6 Steering system .11 4.7 Brake systems12 4.8 Visibility 12 4.9 Warning devices and safety signs.12 4.10 Tyres and rims .13 4.11 Stability .13 4.12 Object handling13 4.13 Noise .13 4.14 Protective measures and devices14 4.15 Retrieval, transportation, lifting and towing .15 4.16 Electro-mag

15、netic compatibility (EMC).15 4.17 Electrical and electronic systems15 4.18 Pressurized systems .17 4.19 Fuel tanks, hydraulic tanks and pressure vessels.17 4.20 Fire protection18 4.21 Attachments and attachment bracket .18 4.22 Maintenance .18 4.23 Underground operation in non-explosive atmosphere19

16、 4.24 Rear-mounted winch .19 5 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures .20 6 Information for use 20 6.1 Safety labels.20 6.2 Operators manual .20 6.3 Machine marking20 Bibliography 21 SANS 20474-1:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and fre

17、emailing clients of the SABS .ISO 20474-1:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through

18、 ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborate

19、s closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards

20、. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this

21、 document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 20474-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements. ISO 20474 consists of th

22、e following parts, under the general title Earth-moving machinery Safety: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers Part 3: Requirements for loaders Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators Part 6: Requirements for dumpers Part

23、 7: Requirements for scrapers Part 8: Requirements for graders Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers Part 10: Requirements for trenchers Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators Part 13: Requirements for rollers Part 14: Information on national

24、 and regional provisions Technical Specification SANS 20474-1:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 20474-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved vIntroduction This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100. The ma

25、chinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document. When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard

26、take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard. Provisions that are applicable for Australia, EU, Japan or the USA, and which are mandatory for compliance with specific governmental law

27、s, directives or regulations in force in the particular country or region, are given in ISO/TS 20474-14. NOTE Other countries or regions may also have regional requirements. SANS 20474-1:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .SAN

28、S 20474-1:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20474-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements 1 Scope This part of ISO 20474 specifies the gen

29、eral safety requirements for earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165, each of these requirements being common to two or more earth-moving machine families. It is also applicable to machine attachments, and to derivated machinery designed primarily for equipment used to loosen, pick-up, move, t

30、ransport and/or distribute earth, or to grade earth and rock. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the other parts of ISO 20474, which give the provisions that are specific to particular machine families, and with ISO/TS 20474-14, which gives information on provisions that are mandatory in

31、particular countries or regions. Those specific requirements take precedence over the requirements of this part of ISO 20474 for the machines concerned. For multipurpose machinery, all of those parts of ISO 20474 whose requirements cover the functions and applications of such machines are applicable

32、. EXAMPLE For a compact loader also used as a trencher, the relevant requirements of ISO 20474-1, ISO 20474-3 and ISO 20474-10 are applicable. This part of ISO 20474 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the earth-moving machinery within its Scope when used

33、as intended or under conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see also ISO/TS 20474-14). It specifies the appropriate technical measures for eliminating or reducing risks arising from significant hazards, hazardous situations or events during commissioning, operation and main

34、tenance. It does not deal with the electrical hazards related to the main circuits and drives of machines when the principal source of energy is electrical. It is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are

35、 indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2860, Earth-moving machinery Minimum access dimensions ISO 2867, Earth-moving machi

36、nery Access systems ISO 3164, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluations of protective structures Specifications for deflection-limiting volume ISO 3411:2007, Earth-moving machinery Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope ISO 3449, Earth-moving machinery Falling-objec

37、t protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements ISO 3450, Earth-moving machinery Braking systems of rubber-tyred machines System and performance requirements and test procedures SANS 20474-1:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailin

38、g clients of the SABS .ISO 20474-1:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO 3457:2003, Earth-moving machinery Guards Definitions and requirements ISO 3471, Earth-moving machinery Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements ISO 3795, Road vehicles, and tractors and

39、machinery for agriculture and forestry Determination of burning behaviour of interior materials ISO 4250-3, Earth-mover tyres and rims Part 3: Rims ISO 4413, Hydraulic fluid power General rules relating to systems ISO 5006, Earth-moving machinery Operators field of view Test method and performance c

40、riteria ISO 5010, Earth-moving machinery Rubber-tyred machines Steering requirements ISO 6011, Earth-moving machinery Visual display of machine operation ISO 6014, Earth-moving machinery Determination of ground speed ISO 6016, Earth-moving machinery Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines,

41、 their equipment and components ISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms and definitions ISO 6395, Earth-moving machinery Determination of sound power level Dynamic test conditions ISO 6396, Earth-moving machinery Determination of emission sound pressure level at operato

42、rs position Dynamic test conditions ISO 6405-1, Earth-moving machinery Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 1: Common symbols ISO 6405-2, Earth-moving machinery Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 2: Specific symbols for machines, equipment and accessories ISO 6682

43、, Earth-moving machinery Zones of comfort and reach for controls ISO 6683, Earth-moving machinery Seat belts and seat belt anchorages Performance requirements and tests ISO 6750, Earth-moving machinery Operators manual Content and format ISO 8643, Earth-moving machinery Hydraulic excavator and backh

44、oe loader boom-lowering control device Requirements and tests ISO 9244, Earth-moving machinery Machine safety labels General principles ISO 9533, Earth-moving machinery Machine-mounted forward and reverse audible warning alarm Sound test method ISO 10263-2, Earth-moving machinery Operator enclosure

45、environment Part 2: Air filter test ISO 10263-3, Earth-moving machinery Operator enclosure environment Part 3: Operator enclosure pressurization test method ISO 10263-4, Earth-moving machinery Operator enclosure environment Part 4: Operator enclosure ventilation, heating and/or air-conditioning test

46、 method ISO 10264, Earth-moving machinery Key-locked starting systems ISO 10265, Earth-moving machinery Crawler machines Performance requirements and test procedures for braking systems SANS 20474-1:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of t

47、he SABS .ISO 20474-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3ISO 10532, Earth-moving machinery Machine-mounted retrieval device Performance requirements ISO 10533, Earth-moving machinery Lift-arm support devices ISO 10570, Earth-moving machinery Articulated frame lock Performance requirements ISO 1096

48、8:2004, Earth-moving machinery Operators controls ISO 11112:1995, Earth-moving machinery Operators seat Dimensions and requirements ISO 11862, Earth-moving machinery Auxiliary starting aid electrical connector ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1

49、: Basic terminology, methodology ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles ISO 12117-2, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory tests and performance requirements for protective structures of excavators Part 2: Roll over protective structures (ROPS) for excavators of over 6 t 1)ISO 12508, Earth-movin