SANS 255-2010 Earth-moving machinery - Crawler machines - Performance requirements and test procedures for braking systems《土方机械 履带式机械 制动系统的性能要求和试验规程》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-23578-9 SANS 255:2010Edition 2ISO 10265:2008Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Earth-moving machinery Crawler machines Performance r

4、equirements and test procedures for braking systems This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 10265:2008, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 P

5、retoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 255:2010 Edition 2 ISO 10265:2008 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1034, Agricultural, earth-moving, forestry and co

6、nstruction equipment and machinery, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in April 2010. This SANS document supersedes SANS 255:2003 (edition 1). Reference numberISO 10265:2008(E)ISO 2008INT

7、ERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO10265Second edition2008-02-15Earth-moving machinery Crawler machines Performance requirements and test procedures for braking systems Engins de terrassement Engins chenilles Exigences de performance et modes opratoires dessai des dispositifs de freinage SANS 255:2010This s tan

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12、anical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.is

13、o.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedSANS 255:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 10265:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Te

14、rms and definitions. 1 4 General requirements. 3 4.1 Required brake systems 3 4.2 Brake controls. 4 4.3 Common components 5 4.4 Warning device for exhaustible energy sources.5 4.5 Braking systems with an electronic control system. 5 5 Test conditions . 5 5.1 Test sites . 5 5.2 Test preparations 6 5.

15、3 Instrumentation. 6 5.4 Towing or pulling means . 6 6 Test and performance criteria for brake systems . 6 6.1 Tests for service and secondary brakes 6 6.2 Tests for parking brake 8 6.3 Analytical and component level verification 9 7 Machine instructions and labels . 9 8 Test report . 10 Bibliograph

16、y . 11 SANS 255:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 10265:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO

17、 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, gover

18、nmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC D

19、irectives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member

20、bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10265 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machine

21、ry, Subcommittee SC 1, Test methods relating to machine performance. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10265:1998), which has been technically revised. SANS 255:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS

22、.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10265:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Earth-moving machinery Crawler machines Performance requirements and test procedures for braking systems 1 Scope This International Standard specifies minimum performance criteria and test methods to enable uniform assessment of

23、 the service, secondary and parking brake systems of crawler machines. It is applicable to self-propelled crawler machines, as defined in ISO 6165 including derivative earth-moving machines with rubber tracks, with a maximum design speed of 20 km/h or less. This International Standard does not cover

24、 those machines that are covered by ISO 17063 or wheeled machines equipped with over-the-tyre tracks. Crawler machines with maximum design speed greater than 20 km/h conform to ISO 3450. NOTE Crawler machines used in underground mining applications might have other regional or local brake system req

25、uirements. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6014:1986,

26、Earth-moving machinery Determination of ground speed ISO 6016:1998, Earth-moving machinery Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and components ISO 9248:1992, Earth-moving machinery Units for dimensions, performance and capacities and their measurement accuracies ISO 102

27、66:1992, Earth-moving machinery Determination of slope limits for machine fluid systems operation Static test method ISO 10968:2004, Earth-moving machinery Operators controls ISO 15998:1), Earth-moving machinery Machine-control system (MCS) using electronic components Performance criteria and tests

28、for functional safety 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Brake systems 1) To be published. SANS 255:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 10265:2008(E) 2

29、 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3.1.1 brake system all the components that combine to stop and/or hold the machine, including the control(s), the brake actuation system, the brake(s) and all parts connecting the brake to the track 3.1.2 service brake system primary system used for stopping and holding

30、the machine 3.1.3 secondary brake system system used for stopping the machine in the event of any single failure in the service brake system 3.1.4 parking brake system system used to hold a stopped machine in a stationary position 3.2 Brake system components 3.2.1 control component directly activate

31、d by the operator to cause a force, a braking signal or braking request to be transmitted to the brake(s) 3.2.2 brake actuation system all the components between the control(s) and the brake(s) which connect(s) them functionally 3.2.3 brake components that directly apply a force to oppose movement o

32、f the machine NOTE Brakes can, for example, be of friction, electrical, regenerative device, hydrostatic or other fluid types. 3.3 brake retarding force decelerating or holding force due to brake system action plus rolling resistance, but excluding any braking effect by the engine (i.e., engine brak

33、es, retarders, exhaust brakes) NOTE In practice, this is the force measured in a line connecting the machine being tested to a pulling or anchoring machine or device. 3.4 common component component that performs a function in two or more brake systems 3.5 machine mass M operating mass of a machine w

34、hich includes the heaviest combination of cab, canopy, operator protective structures, if required, with all their components and mountings, any combination of equipment approved by the manufacturer of the machine, including operator and full liquid systems in accordance with ISO 6016 NOTE The machi

35、ne mass for crawler tractors (i.e., machines with integrated buckets, bins, bowls which typically travel with a load) is to include a payload. SANS 255:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 10265:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights

36、reserved 33.6 slope capability slope that establishes brake performance for a specific machine between the minimum 17 and maximum 45 criteria or the maximum slope specified by the manufacturer for travel or operation between 17 and 45 3.7 back throttling action of applying slight forward or reverse

37、power to a hydrostatic drive system or similar propel drive systems to hold the machine stationary on a slope 3.8 modulated braking capability to continuously and progressively increase and decrease the braking force by operation of the brake control (i.e., hand, foot, combined brake/deceleration or

38、 other variations) 3.9 maximum machine level surface speed maximum speed determined in accordance with ISO 6014, or equivalent 3.10 derivative earth-moving machine earth-moving machine forms that are a combination of features from other earth-moving machines creating different configurations or arra

39、ngements (e.g., backhoe loader with four separate rubber tracks replacing four wheels) 3.11 safe state state in which the controlled equipment, process, or system is automatically or manually stopped or switched into a mode to prevent unexpected movements or potentially hazardous release of stored e

40、nergy, after a malfunction of the machine-control system 3.12 hydrostatic drive system closed loop hydraulic system to propel and retard machine movement 3.13 brake slope capability maximum slope advertised by the machine manufacturer, on which the service brakes are capable of stopping the machine

41、and the service and park brakes are each capable of holding the machine stationary, whichever is the least slope value 4 General requirements 4.1 Required brake systems 4.1.1 Functions All machines shall be equipped with: a service brake system; a secondary brake system; a parking brake system. NOTE

42、 Service, secondary and parking brake systems can share common components and do not have to be three independent and separate systems. Subclause 4.3 gives the required performance if there is any single component failure. SANS 255:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscrip

43、tion and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 10265:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved4.1.2 Disconnecting device 4.1.2.1 General No brake system shall contain a disconnecting device, such as a clutch or shiftable gear box, which allows disabling the brake(s) with the exception of 4.1.2.2 and 4.1

44、.2.3 which are permissible arrangements. 4.1.2.2 Parking brake disconnecting device A parking brake disconnecting device designed to allow movement of a disabled machine shall be located outside the operators station, unless the parking brake can be re-applied immediately from within the operators s

45、tation. 4.1.2.3 Service or secondary brake disconnecting device Any device designed to disconnect the service or secondary brake power source for cold weather starting, shall require application of the parking brake before disconnecting the service or secondary brakes. 4.2 Brake controls 4.2.1 Gener

46、al All brake system controls shall be capable of being applied by an operator from the operating position. Parking brake systems control(s) shall be arranged so that they cannot be released once they have been applied unless they can be immediately re-applied by the operator. Arrangement of brake co

47、ntrols is covered by ISO 10968. Machines equipped with any brake system including an electronic brake control system shall prevent or minimize an uncontrolled braking performance (i.e., random brake applied, released or sporadic braking performance) during normal operation (e.g., during start, stop

48、or normal travel operation of the machine) of the brake control systems. 4.2.2 Automatic application Secondary and parking brake systems may be applied automatically (e.g., spring activated). Automatic application does not require modulation. 4.2.3 Control force The force applied to the brake contro

49、l shall not exceed the levels specified in Table 1 when the required brake system performance (see Table 2) is measured. Table 1 Maximum control force for brake tests Control type Maximum force applied N Finger grasp (flip levers, switches) 20 Hand grasp: upwards fore-aft, sideways, downward 400 300 Foot treadle (ankle control) 350 Foot pedal (leg control) 600 SANS 255:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 10265:2008(E)