SANS 3471-2009 Earth-moving machinery - Roll-over protective structures - Laboratory tests and performance requirements《土方机械 翻车保护结构 实验室试验和性能要求》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22592-6 SANS 3471:2009Edition 2ISO 3471:2008Edition 4SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Earth-moving machinery Roll-over protective structure

4、s Laboratory tests and performance requirements This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 3471:2008, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretor

5、ia 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 3471:2009 Edition 2 ISO 3471:2008 Edition 4 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1034, Agricultural, earth-moving, forestry and constru

6、ction equipment and machinery, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in June 2009. This SANS document supersedes SANS 3471:2003 (edition 1 as modified by ISO amdt 1:1997 and ISO tech. corr.

7、1:2000). Reference numberISO 3471:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO3471Fourth edition2008-08-15Earth-moving machinery Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements Engins de terrassement Structures de protection au retournement Essais de laboratoire et exigenc

8、es de performance SANS 3471:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 3471:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but s

9、hall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this are

10、a. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use b

11、y ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any

12、 form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749

13、 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedSANS 3471:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 3471:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv In

14、troduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Symbols 4 5 Test method and test facilities .12 6 Test loading procedure .21 7 Temperature and material criteria25 8 Acceptance criteria26 9 Labelling of ROPS28 10 Reporting results .29 Annex A (normative) ROPS test report.

15、30 Annex B (informative) Design changes, physical testing and alterations 32 Bibliography 33 SANS 3471:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 3471:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organiz

16、ation for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established

17、 has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. I

18、nternational Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publ

19、ication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent

20、rights. ISO 3471 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety requirements and human factors. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 3471:1994), which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 34

21、71:1994/Amd 1:1997 and the Technical Corrigendum ISO 3471:1994/Cor 1:2000. SANS 3471:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 3471:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved vIntroduction A review of the initial work on the criteria

22、for roll-over protective structures (ROPS) indicated that these criteria were based on requirements for machines now identified as mid-range size machines. Since the ROPS criteria were established, both smaller and larger machines have become common within the size range of earth-moving machines. Th

23、e criteria are a combination of linear and exponential, with respect to mass. For small machines, the exponential criterion has been changed to a linear function with respect to machine mass. For larger machines, the exponential criterion was excessive at very large machine masses, and thus was chan

24、ged to become a linear function with respect to machine mass. The longitudinal force criteria were added as new data became available. Situations could arise where ROPS designs would meet the lateral and vertical loading requirements, but yet be considered as lacking sufficient performance capabilit

25、y in the longitudinal load direction. For this reason, this International Standard incorporates a ROPS longitudinal force criterion. The longitudinal force criterion has been established at 80 % of the lateral force requirement. The evaluation procedure will not necessarily duplicate structural defo

26、rmations due to a given actual roll. However, specific requirements are derived from investigations on ROPS that have performed the intended function in a variety of actual roll-overs, as well as analytical considerations based upon the compatibility of ROPS and the machine frame to which it is atta

27、ched. SANS 3471:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .SANS 3471:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3471:2008(E) ISO 2008 All r

28、ights reserved 1Earth-moving machinery Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements 1 Scope This International Standard specifies performance requirements for metallic roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for earth-moving machinery, as well as a consistent and repr

29、oducible means of evaluating the compliance with these requirements by laboratory testing using static loading on a representative specimen. NOTE 1 The structure can also provide FOPS (falling-object protective structure) protection. This International Standard is applicable to ROPS intended for the

30、 following mobile machines with seated operator as defined in ISO 6165 and with a mass greater than or equal to 700 kg: dozer; loader; backhoe loader; dumper; pipelayer; tractor section (prime mover) of a combination machine (e.g. tractor scraper, articulated frame dumper); grader; landfill compacto

31、r; roller; trencher. This International Standard is not applicable to training seats or additional seats for operation of an attachment. NOTE 2 It is expected that reasonable crush protection for a seat-belted operator will be provided under at least the conditions of an initial forward velocity of

32、0 km/h to 16 km/h on a hard clay surface of 30 maximum slope in the direction of roll, and 360 of roll about the longitudinal axis of the machine without loss of contact with the slope. NOTE 3 This International Standard can be used to provide guidance to the manufacturers of roll-over protective st

33、ructures should it be decided to provide such protection for these or other machines for a particular application. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated refer

34、ences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 148-1:2006, Metallic materials Charpy pendulum impact test (V-notch) Part 1: Test method ISO 898-1:1999, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel Part 1: Bolts, screws and stud

35、s SANS 3471:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 3471:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO 898-2:1992, Mechanical properties of fasteners Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values Coarse thread ISO 3164:1995, Earth

36、-moving machinery Laboratory evaluations of protective structures Specifications for deflection-limiting volume ISO 5353:1995, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry Seat index point ISO 6165:2006, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms a

37、nd definitions ISO 9248:1992, Earth-moving machinery Units for dimensions, performance and capacities, and their measurement accuracies 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 bedplate substantially rigid part of the test fixture to w

38、hich the machine frame is attached to conduct the test 3.2 boundary plane BP plane defined as the vertical projected plane of the back, side, or knee area of the DLV NOTE The boundary planes are used to determine the load application point. 3.3 deflection-limiting volume DLV orthogonal approximation

39、 of a large, seated, male operator wearing normal clothing and a protective helmet NOTE Adapted from ISO 3164:1995. 3.4 deflection of ROPS movement of the ROPS, mounting system and frame section as measured at the load application point (LAP), excluding the effect of any movement of the test fixture

40、(s) 3.5 falling-object protective structure FOPS system of structural members arranged in such a way as to provide operators with reasonable protection from falling objects (e.g. trees, rocks, small concrete blocks, tools) 3.6 head portion of DLV upper 270 mm by 330 mm rectangular section of the DLV

41、, whose dimensions are in accordance with ISO 3164 3.7 lateral simulated ground plane LSGP plane defined as where the machine comes to rest on its side, where the plane is 15 away from the DLV. NOTE It is created by rotating a vertical plane parallel to the machines longitudinal centreline about a h

42、orizontal line through the outermost point of the upper ROPS member, to which the lateral load is applied (see Figure 6). The LSGP is established on an unloaded ROPS and moves with the member to which the load is applied while maintaining its 15 angle with respect to the vertical. SANS 3471:2009This

43、 s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 3471:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 33.8 load distribution device LDD device used to prevent localized penetration of the ROPS members at the load application point (LAP) 3.9 load applicat

44、ion point LAP point (or a point within a defined range) on the ROPS structure at which the test load force (F) is applied 3.10 machine frame metallic main chassis or main metallic load-bearing member(s) of the machine that extend(s) over a major section of the machine and upon which the ROPS is dire

45、ctly mounted 3.11 mounting system all brackets, weldments, fasteners or other devices whose function is to attach the ROPS to the machine frame 3.12 representative specimen ROPS, mounting system and machine frame (complete or partial) used for test purposes that is within the range of material and m

46、anufacturing variances designated by the manufacturers production specifications NOTE The intent is that all ROPS manufactured to these specifications be capable of meeting or exceeding the stated levels of performance. 3.13 roll-over protective structure ROPS system of structural members whose prim

47、ary purpose is to reduce the possibility of a seat-belted operator being crushed in the event of a machine roll-over NOTE 1 See Figures 1 to 5 and ISO 6683. NOTE 2 It can include components such as sub-frame, bracket, mount, bolt, pin, suspension or flexible shock absorber. NOTE 3 Non-load-carrying

48、members (posts) are not considered. 3.13.1 rollbar ROPS ROPS having one or two posts, formed or fabricated, and having no cantilevered structural member(s) 3.13.2 one-post two-post ROPS ROPS having one or two posts, formed or fabricated, and having one or more cantilevered load-carrying structural m

49、embers 3.13.3 multiple-post ROPS ROPS having more than two posts, formed or fabricated, and joining load-carrying structural members NOTE It can have cantilevered load-carrying structural members. 3.14 ROPS structural member metallic member designed to withstand an applied force or absorb energy SANS 3471:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 3471:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3.15 simulated ground plan