SANS 50935-2008 Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Aluminium iron (lll) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (lll) chloride hydroxide (monome.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21193-6 SANS 50935:2008Edition 1EN 935:2004Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for hum

4、an consumption Aluminium iron (lll) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (lll) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) This national standard is the identical implementation of EN 935:2004 and is adopted with the permission of CEN, rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels. Published by Standards South Africa 1

5、 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 50935:2008 Edition 1 EN 935:2004 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was a

6、pproved by National Committee StanSA TC 5140.19, Water, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in March 2008. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 935 November 2004 ICS 71.100.80 S

7、upersedes EN 935:2001 English version Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Aluminium iron(III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron(III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) Produits chimiques utiliss pour le traitement de leau destine la consommation humaine - Chlorur

8、e et hydroxychlorure daluminium et de fer (III) (monomres) Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr den menschlichen Gebrauch - Aluminium-Eisen(III)chlorid (Monomer) und Aluminium-Eisen(III)hydroxidchlorid (Monomer) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2004. CEN members are boun

9、d to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Ce

10、ntral Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status a

11、s the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, S

12、pain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nation

13、al Members. Ref. No. EN 935:2004: ESANS 50935:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 935:2004 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Description .5 4 Purity criteria8 5 Test methods9

14、 6 Labelling - Transportation - Storage10 Annex A (informative) General information on aluminium iron (lll) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (lll) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) 13 Annex B (normative) General rules relating to safety17 Bibliography 18 SANS 50935:2008This s tandard may only be

15、 used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 935:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 935:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a

16、national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2005. This document supersedes EN 935:2001. Significant technical differences between this edition and EN 935:2001 ar

17、e as follows: a) replacement of the reference to EU Directive 80/778/EEC of July, 15 1980 with the latest Directive in force (see1); b) expansion of annex A by addition of A.2 “quality of commercial product“. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of

18、the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spai

19、n, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SANS 50935:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 935:2004 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by

20、 the product covered by this document: a) this document provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulati

21、ons concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this document is subject to regulation

22、 or control by National Authorities. SANS 50935:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 935:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope This document is applicable to aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide

23、 (monomeric) used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics and specifies the requirements for aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) and refers to the corresponding test methods. It gives inform

24、ation on their use in water treatment. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and use of aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) ( see annex B). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for t

25、he application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1302, Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Aluminium-based coagulants An

26、alytical methods. ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use Safety in sampling. ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling Vocabulary. 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name a) Aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric); b) Aluminium iron (III) chloride hyd

27、roxide (monomeric). 3.1.2 Synonym or common names For aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric): bauxite or clay hydroxide chloride. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass Variable (see 3.1.4). SANS 50935:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clien

28、ts of the SABS .EN 935:2004 (E) 6 3.1.4 Empirical formula AlxFe1-x(OH)aClbwith (a + b) = 3 and x = 0,67 to 0,99 for aluminium iron chlorides x = 0,80 to 0,99 for aluminium iron chloride hydroxides a = 0 to 1,05 b = 3 to 1,95 a = 0 for aluminium iron(III) chloride (monomeric) products, and these prod

29、ucts normally have a detectable free acidity (see 5.2). 3.1.5 Chemical formula Variable (see 3.1.4). 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number1)The following is a list of CAS Registry Numbers for products or their components. AlCl3: 7446-70-0. FeCl3: 7705-08-0. Al(OH)aClb: 1327-41-9 with (a + b) = 3 and a less than

30、 1,05. Al(OH)Cl2: 14215-15-7. 3.1.7 EINECS reference2)The following is a list of EINECS reference numbers for products or their components. AlCl3: 231-208-1. FeCl3: 231-729-4. Al(OH)aClb: 215-477-2. Al(OH)Cl2: 238-071-7. 3.2 Commercial form The products are available as liquids. 3.3 Physical propert

31、ies 3.3.1 Appearance The products are yellow to brown liquids. 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) European inventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances. SANS 50935:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN

32、935:2004 (E) 7 3.3.2 Density The density depends on the particular composition, especially the aluminium ion content, expressed as a mass fraction of aluminium in %. Typical value: 1,3 g/ml for 5,3 % Al. 3.3.3 Solubility in water Aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chl

33、oride hydroxide (monomeric) are fully miscible with water. NOTE Depending on the particular product, dilute solutions can hydrolyze and form a precipitate. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure at 20 C Not known. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa3)Not known. 3.3.6 Crystallization point Typical value is - 20 C for 5,3

34、% Al. 3.3.7 Specific heat Not known. 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) Typical value is 20 mPas for 5,3 % Al at 20 C. 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not applicable. 3.3.10 Critical pressure Not applicable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. SANS 50935:2008This s tandard may only be use

35、d and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 935:2004 (E) 8 3.4 Chemical properties Aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) are acidic liquids which hydrolyse and form a precipitate of aluminium hydroxide and

36、 iron hydroxide when diluted beyond a particular concentration. NOTE The solubility of aluminium and the solubility of iron depend on the pH value and the product should be used within an appropriate pH range. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This document specifies the minimum purity requirements for

37、aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the products. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impuri

38、ties may be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. NOTE Users of these products should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into

39、 account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the products not stated in this product standard. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production p

40、rocesses and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials leads to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product The concentration of active matter (aluminium ion content) expressed

41、 as grams per kilogram of product (Al g/kg) shall be greater than 40 g/kg. The contents of aluminium and iron shall be within 3 % of the manufacturers declared values. The ratio Fe/Al shall be less than 0,50 for aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxides (monomeric) and less than 1,0 for aluminium iro

42、n (III) chlorides (monomeric). The relative basicity, expressed as the mole ratio OH/3(Al + Fe), shall be within the range 0 to 0,35 for aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxides (monomeric). For aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric), the basicity is zero. Aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric

43、) often have a free acidity. 4.3 Impurities and main by-products The content of insoluble matter shall be lower than 25 g/kg (Al + Fe). 4.4 Chemical parameters The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1. SANS 50935:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved s

44、ubscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 935:2004 (E) 9 Table 1 Chemical parameters Limit mg/kg (Al + Fe) Parameter Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Arsenic (As) max. 14 40 100 Cadmium (Cd) max. 3 50 100 Chromium (Cr) max. 30 700 1 000 Mercury (Hg) max. 4 10 20 Nickel (Ni) max. 20 700 1 000 Lead (Pb)

45、 max. 40 200 800 Antimony (Sb) max. 20 40 120 Selenium (Se) max. 20 40 120 NOTE Cyanide (CN-) is usually not relevant because of the acidity of the product. Pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not relevant since the raw materials used in the manufacturing process are free of them. Fo

46、r maximum impact of these products on trace metal content in drinking water (see A.2). 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling 5.1.1 General Observe the general rules of ISO 3165 and take into account ISO 6206 5.1.2 Sampling from drums and bottles 5.1.2.1 General 5.1.2.1.1 Mix the contents of each container to

47、be sampled by shaking the container, by rolling it or by rocking it from side to side, taking care not to damage the container or spill any of the liquid. 5.1.2.1.2 If the design of the container is such (for example, a narrow-necked bottle) that it is impracticable to use a sampling implement, take

48、 a sample by pouring after the contents have been thoroughly mixed. Otherwise, proceed as described in 5.1.2.1.3. 5.1.2.1.3 Examine the surface of the liquid. If there are signs of surface contamination, take samples from the surface as described in 5.1.2.2; otherwise, take samples as described in 5

49、.1.2.3. 5.1.2.2 Surface sampling Take a sample using a suitable ladle. Lower the ladle into the liquid until the rim is just below the surface, so that the surface layer runs into it. Withdraw the ladle just before it fills completely and allow any liquid adhering to the ladle to drain off. If necessary, repeat this operation so that, when the other selected containers have been sampled in a similar manner, the total volume of sample required for subsequent analysis is obtained. SANS 50935:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved su