SANS 563-2008 Small craft - Electrical devices - Lightning-protection systems《小艇 电气设备 避雷保护系统》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21965-9 SANS 563:2008 Edition 1 ISO 10134:2003 Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Small craft Electrical devices Lightning-protectio

4、n systems This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 10134:2003, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 fax: +27

5、 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 563:2008 Edition 1 ISO 10134:2003 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Comm

6、ittee SABS TC 188, Small craft, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in August 2008. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.

7、 Reference number ISO 10134:2003(E) ISO 2003INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10134 Second edition 2003-08-15 Small craft Electrical devices Lightning-protection systems Petits navires Dispositifs lectriques Dispositifs de protection contre la foudre SANS 563:2008This standard may only be used and printed

8、by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10134:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to a

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11、found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2003 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission

12、 in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2003 All rights reservedSA

13、NS 563:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10134:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Terms and definitions. 1 3 General requirements . 2 4 Materials. 2 4.1 Corrosion resistance 2 4.2

14、 Wire conductors 2 5 Installation . 3 5.1 General precautionary measure 3 5.2 Conductive joints 3 5.3 Height of lightning-protective mast 3 5.4 Alternatives to a lightning-protective mast 5 5.5 Interconnection of metallic masses 6 5.6 Exterior bodies of metal . 6 5.7 Interior bodies of metal 6 5.8 E

15、xterior/interior bodies of metal 6 5.9 Lightning ground 7 6 Vessels with metal hulls. 7 7 Sailing craft with non-metallic hulls 7 8 Engine-powered craft with non-metallic hulls . 7 Annex A (normative) Owners manual 8 Bibliography . 9 SANS 563:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approve

16、d subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10134:2003(E) iv ISO 2003 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally

17、carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the wo

18、rk. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Inte

19、rnational Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of t

20、he elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10134 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 188, Small craft. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10134:1993),which

21、has been technically revised. SANS 563:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10134:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 1Small craft Electrical devices Lightning-protection systems 1 Scope This Internati

22、onal Standard establishes guidelines for the design, construction and installation of lightning- protection systems fitted on small craft of hull length up to 24 m. NOTE The probability of a lightning strike varies with geographic location and time of year, but when the conditions that create an ele

23、ctrical discharge between clouds and the earth exist, there is nothing that can be done to prevent the lightning discharge. Craft can be struck in open water or when tied to the dock. The presence of a lightning-protection system on a craft cannot provide complete protection from equipment damage or

24、 personal injury and such protection is not implied in this International Standard. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 air gap interruption of a conductive path by a small air space not exceeding 2 mm in order to prevent the pass

25、age of low-voltage current without interrupting the flow of lightning current 2.2 air terminal uppermost part of the lightning-protection system, intended to dissipate the charge or start the lightning ground process 2.3 lightning ground plate lightning ground strip means to conduct the electrical c

26、urrent from a boats conductive elements to the water in which the boat floats 2.4 lightning-protective mast conductive structure or means for electrical connection of an air terminal to the lightning ground plate 2.5 side flash an arc-over discharge that occurs from the lightning-protection system t

27、o any metal object 2.6 lightning bonding conductor conductor intended to be used for potential equalization between metal bodies and the lightning-protection system 2.7 lightning grounding conductor conductor installed to connect the air terminal or the lightning-protective mast to the lightning gro

28、und plate SANS 563:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10134:2003(E) 2 ISO 2003 All rights reserved2.8 protection zone zone below a grounded air terminal, mast or overhead ground wire which is substantially immune to direct

29、strokes of lightning NOTE 1 Complete protection from equipment damage or personal injury is not implied. NOTE 2 A lightning-protection system offers no protection when the boat is out of water and is not intended to afford protection if any part of the boat comes in contact with power lines while af

30、loat or ashore. 3 General requirements 3.1 Protection of persons and small craft from lightning is dependent upon a combination of design and maintenance of equipment and on personnel behaviour. The basic guides contained in this International Standard shall be considered and used in designing and i

31、nstalling a lightning-protection system. However, in view of the wide variation in structural design of boats and the unpredictable nature of lightning, specific recommendations cannot be made to cover all cases. 3.2 To provide an adequate lightning grounding conductor or lightning-protective mast,

32、the entire circuit from the top of the lightning-protective mast to the lightning ground plate shall have a mechanical strength and a conductivity not less than that of a 21 mm 2copper conductor, and the path to ground followed by the conductor shall be essentially straight. Additional recommendatio

33、ns may be found in IEC 60092-352 2 . 3.3 If there are large metal objects such as tanks, engines, deck winches, stoves, etc. within 2 m of any lightning grounding conductor, there will be a strong tendency for sparks or side flashes to jump from the grounding conductor to the metal object at the clo

34、sest point. To prevent damage from such side flashes, an interconnecting lightning bonding conductor at least equivalent to 13 mm 2copper (see 4.2.1) shall be provided at all places where they are likely to occur. Additional recommendations may be found in IEC 60092-352 2 . 3.4 Large metallic object

35、s which are not part of the electrical system of the craft and which are not already grounded due to their own functional or other requirements, may be grounded directly to the lightning ground plate, provided that it is not practical to interconnect with the lightning grounding conductor or lightni

36、ng bonding conductor as discussed in 3.2 and 5.4. 3.5 Where a lightning-protection system is installed on a craft, the owners manual shall include the information specified in Annex A. 4 Materials 4.1 Corrosion resistance The material used in a lightning-protective system shall be resistant to corro

37、sion. If, as in certain installations, it is impractical to avoid a junction of dissimilar metals, the corrosion effects can be reduced by the use of suitable platings or special connectors that are galvanically compatible with both metals which are available for such purposes. 4.2 Wire conductors 4

38、.2.1 Wire conductors shall be of stranded copper of cross-sectional area not less than 13 mm 2 , or their conductivity shall be equal to or greater than that of 13 mm 2copper wire. Additional recommendations may be found in IEC 60092-352 2 . 4.2.2 The size of any strand of a bare copper wire shall b

39、e not less than 0,71 mm 2 . Insulated copper wires shall have at least 19 strands. 4.2.3 The thickness of metal ribbon or strip shall be equal to or greater than 1 mm. SANS 563:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10134:2003(

40、E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 35 Installation 5.1 General precautionary measure To minimize side flashes and the induction of high voltage to the craft wiring, lightning conductors in proximity to the craft wiring shall not be routed in parallel to the craft wiring. 5.2 Conductive joints Conductiv

41、e joints shall be made and supported so as not to damage the conductors and to provide a conductivity equal to that of the conductor. 5.3 Height of lightning-protective mast 5.3.1 A lightning-protective mast shall be of a height to provide the desired zone of protection in accordance with 5.3.2 to 5

42、.3.4. 5.3.2 For a mast height not exceeding 15 m above the water, the base radius is approximately equal to the mast height, h (see Figure 1). 5.3.3 For mast heights over 15 m, the zone of protection is based on the striking distance of the lightning stroke. Since the lightning stroke may strike any

43、 grounded object within the striking distance of the point from which final breakdown to ground occurs, the zone of protection is defined by a circular arc (see Figure 2). The radius of the arc is the striking distance (30 m). The arc passes through the top of the mast and is tangent to the water. I

44、f more than one mast is used, the zone of protection is defined by arcs to all masts. 5.3.4 Additional lightning-protective means shall be erected to form overlapping zones of protection to protect a craft of which the size renders the use of a single mast impractical. NOTE The protection zone affor

45、ded by any configuration of masts or other elevated, conductive and grounded objects can readily be determined graphically. Increasing the height of a mast above the striking distance will not increase the protection zone. SANS 563:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscript

46、ion and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10134:2003(E) 4 ISO 2003 All rights reservedKey h mast height 1 protection zone with solid antenna extending the height of the lightning-protective mast to protect the entire craft 2 protection zone with lightning-protective mast only Figure 1 Craft with a

47、 mast not exceeding 15 m above water SANS 563:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10134:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 5Key 1 R 30 m (see 5.3.3) 2 masts in excess of 15 m 3 protection zone inside area outlined by dashe

48、d lines Figure 2 Craft with mast(s) in excess of 15 m above water 5.4 Alternatives to a lightning-protective mast 5.4.1 If the mast is of non-conducting material, the associated lightning or grounding conductor shall a) be essentially straight, b) be securely fastened to the mast, c) extend at least

49、 150 mm above the mast, d) terminate in an air terminal, and e) be led as directly as practicable to the grounding connection as described in 3.2. 5.4.2 A radio antenna or outrigger may serve as a lightning-protective mast, if it meets the requirements of 3.2. NOTE 1 Non-conducting antenna masts with spirally wrapped conductors are not considered suitable for lightning- protection purposes. NOTE 2 Because a loading coil presents a high impedance to the flow of lightning current, the portion of an antenna above the bott