SANS 578-2-2008 Cranes - Limiting and indicating devices Part 2 Mobile cranes《起重机 限制器和指示器 第2部分 汽车起重机》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21559-0 SANS 578-2:2008Edition 1ISO 10245-2:1994Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Cranes Limiting and indicating devices Part 2: Mo

4、bile cranes This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 10245-2:1994 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +

5、27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 578-2:2008 Edition 1 ISO 10245-2:1994 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 96A, Cranes Mobile cranes, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Divis

6、ion, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in October 2008. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10245-2 First edition 1994-06-15 Cranes - Limiting and indicating devices - Part 2: Mobile cranes Appareils de levage 4 Charge suspendue - Limiteurs et indicateurs -

7、 Partie 2: Grues mobiles Reference number ISO 10245-2:1994(E) SANS 578-2:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 10245=2:1994(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of na

8、tional Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Intern

9、ational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical comm

10、ittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 10245-2 was prepared by Technical Committee s SC 6, Mobile cranes. ISQ/TC 96, Cranes, Subcommitte E ISO 1

11、0245 consists of the fol owing Parts, under the general title devices: Cranes Limiting and indica ting - Part 1: General - Part 2: Mobile cranes - Part 3: Tower cranes - Part 4: Jib cranes - Part 5: Overhead travelling and Portal bridge cranes 0 ISO 1994 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specifi

12、ed, no part of this publication mag/ be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without Permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case Postale 56 e CH-l 211 Geneve 20 0 Switzerl

13、and Printed in Switzerland ii SANS 578-2:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 ISO ISO 1oz45=2:1994(E) Cranes - Limiting and indicating devices - Part 2: Mobile cranes 1 Scope 1.1 This part of ISO 10245

14、specifies the require- ments for devices which limit and/or indicate the loads, motions, Performance and environment of mo- bile cranes. The general requirements for limiting and indicating devices for cranes are given in ISO 10245-1. 1.2 This part of ISO 10245 applies to all mobile cranes as define

15、d in ISO 4306-2. See 4.1 and also 42 . . NOTE 1 Some basic machine types within this scope are Convertible for use in excavating work and other applications not considered to be lifting Service. The requirements of this part of ISO 10245 are applicable only to such machines when used as lifting cran

16、es. 2 Normative references The following Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 10245. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Standards are subject to revision, and Parties to agreements based on this

17、part of ISO 10245 are encouraged to investi- gate the possibility of applying the most recent edi- tions of the Standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 2374:1983, Lifting appliances - Range of maxi- mum capacities for basic

18、 models. ISO 4306-1 :1990, Cranes - Vocabulaty - Part 1: General. ISO 4306-2: -l), Cranes - Vocabulary - Part 2: Mo- bile cranes. ISO 9926-1 :1990, Cranes - Training of drivers - Part 1: General. ISO 10245-l :-*), Cranes - Limiting and indicating devices - Part 1: General. 3 Definitions For the purp

19、oses of this part of ISO 10245, the defi- nitions given in ISO 10245-1 and the following defi- nitions apply. 3.1 rated capacity: Maximum gross load (ISO 4306-1, 6.1.7) that applies to a given crane condition. 3.2 anti-two-block device: Device which, when activated, disengages all functions whose mo

20、vement tan Cause any part of the lower load block or hook assembly to come into contact with the upper load block, boom or jib Point sheave assembly(ies). 3.3 two-block darnage prevention device: Device which, when activated, reduces the wire rope pull caused by contact of the lower load block or ho

21、ok 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4306-29985) 2) To be published. SANS 578-2:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 10245=2:1994(E) assembly and upper load block, boom or jib Point sheave assembly(ies). The pull should

22、be reduced such that contact will not Cause darnage to the machine and weil-maintained wire rope. lt should have a feature which prevents the hook block or hook assembly from rotating to a pos- ition which would Cause rigging to disengage from the hook. 4 General 4.1 This part of ISO 10245 applies t

23、o all new mobile cranes manufactured one year after publication of this part of ISO 10245. lt is not the intent of this part of ISO 10245 to require retrofitting ot existing equip- ment. lt is intended, however, that when an item is being modified its Performance requirement shall be reviewed relati

24、ve to this part of ISO 10245. If the Performance differs substantially, the need to meet the current requirement shall be evaluated by a quali- fied person selected by the owner (User) and conse- quent recommended changes shall be made by the owner (User) within one year. 4.2 Devices described withi

25、n this part of ISO 10245 shall be applied according to table 1. The ton limits specified in table 1 relate to the maximum capacity of the crane (see ISO 2374). Table 1 does not apply to all situations that may be encountered, such as high Winds. Application of the devices shall be carried out in the

26、 manner required for safe Operation of the crane, taking into account the type of crane and its intended use. 4.3 All devices with readouts shall be readable from the Operators Station. 5 Rated capacity limiter 5.1 General The rated capacity Iimiter shall meet the requirements of ISO 10245-1:-, 4.1,

27、 and shall operate in accord- ante with the requirements stated in ISO 10245-l :-, 4.2. 5.2 Setting The rated capacity limiter shall be set to override the crane controls at values between 100 % and 110 % of the rated capacities of the crane. NOTE 2 Rated capacities referred to in 5.2 do not take in

28、to consideration adverse operating conditions, e.g. high Winds, multilift Operation, etc. 6 Rated capacity indicator 6.1 The rated capacity indicator shall warn the op- erator both visually and acoustically whenever the load on the crane exceeds (92 + 5 %) of the rated - capacity. 6.2 The rated capa

29、city indicator shall warn persons acoustically, and where practical visually, in the vicin- ity of the crane whenever the rated capacity limiter overrides the crane controls (see 5.2). 7 Load indicator 7.1 The load indicator shall measure and display net load being lifted. the 7.2 The load indicatin

30、g System shall be compatible with the maximum capacity of the crane, as specified by the crane manufacturer. 7.3 The accuracy of the load indicating System shall be such that the indicated load is between 100 % and 110 % of the actual load. 8 Motion limiters 8.1 Operating requirements Motion limiter

31、s shall operate according to ISO 10245-l :-, 6.1 .lO. In most cases, the motion limiting devices should be coupled to the crane controls to prevent any such further movement of the crane. NOTE 3 In the case of hydraulic Systems, the extent of travel of operating cylinders or, alternatively, mechanic

32、al Stops may be considered as meeting this requirement, but it may be necessary to fit pressure-relief valves to prevent overloading of Parts of the crane. 8.2 Types of hoisting limiter Hoisting limiters shall consist of either an anti-two- block device or a two-block darnage prevention device (see

33、3.2 and 3.3). 8.3 Lowering Iimiter The lowering limiter shall meet the requirements of ISO 10245-1:-, 6.1.2 and 6.2.8. SANS 578-2:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .8.4 Derrick limiter 9.4 Radius indicator The device shall be

34、 provided with suitable adjust- ments for obtaining the specified luffing boom and luffing jib angles. Where necessary, the device shall be provided with means for the Operator to bypass the limiter to permit momentary re-engagement of the boom or jib derricking power for the purpose of un- loading

35、locking devices. The accuracy of the radius indicator shall be such that when the rated capacity is determined for the radius indicated, the rated capacity shall be within + 5 % of - that for the actual radius. 9.5 Rope drum rotation indicator 8.5 Attachment backstops The backstop shall be designed

36、to absorb all the en- ergy imparted to it by the luffing boom or luffing jib upon sudden release of all rated loads due to failure of the load line or rigging. The backstop shall provide energy-absorbing resistance to the upward and rearward movement of the boom or jib for the last 5” of angular mov

37、ement about the boom or jib pin. 9 Motion and Performance indicators 9.1 Hoisting limit indicator 9.1 .l Operating requirements The hoisting limit indicator, when activated, shall warn the Operator of impending contact of the lower load block or hook assembly with upper load block, boom or jib Point

38、 sheave assembly(s). The warning shall be both audible and visible to the Operator. 9.1.2 Setting The hoisting limit indicator shall be set to take into account the stopping distance necessary for any mo- tion, e.g. of the hook or telescopic attachment, as- suming prudent crane Operation. 9.5.1 Oper

39、ating requirements The device shall indicate rope drum movement by visible, audible or tactile means. lt shall also indicate the direction of rope travel when this is not otherwise indicated by the control Position. 9.5.2 Indicator sensitivity The indicator shall be able to detect initial drum rota-

40、 tion producing rope travel of 50 mm. 9.6 Slope indicator The slope indicator shall indicate out-of-level con- ditions of the crane that exceed the recommended tolerantes given by the crane manufacturer. 9.7 Slew indicator The indicator shall perform one or all of the following functions: - acoustic

41、 and/or visible warning of motion; - indication of slewing from one working area to another; 9.2 Attachment angle indicators The readout accuracy of angle indicators shall be as follows: - for boom or jib angles 65” or more from the hori- zontal, the indicated angle tolerante shall be -20 from the a

42、ctual boom or jib angle; - for boom or jib angles less than 65”, the indicated angle tolerante shall be -30 from the actual boom or jib angle. 9.3 Attachment length indicators The readout accuracy shall have a tolerante of + 2 % of the actual jib length. - trat king of the azimuth angle relationship

43、 the superstructure and ca rrie r, to within 1 betwe 5 0 I l 9.8 Wind Speed indicator The measuring device shall be fitted in a suitable el- evated Position on the crane which is exposed to the wind. The readout shall be fitted in a Position clearly visible to the Operator from the operating Positio

44、n and it shall be clearly legible. The device shall provide a continuous display of wind velocity averaged over 5 s. SANS 578-2:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 10245-2: 1994(E) 0 ISO 10 Strength margin 12 Maintenance W

45、hen any component of the devices specified in this part of ISO 10245 is employed in the load-supporting System such that its failure could Cause the load to be dropped, its strength margin shall be not less than the minimum strength margin of the other load- supporting members. The indicating and li

46、miting devices described in this part of ISO 10245 shall be maintained according to the device manufacturers written maintenance in- structions. 11 InsDection 13 Operating instructions and Operator training 13.1 The manufacturer shall supply pertinent oper- ating instructions with each limiting and

47、indicating device, including any special limitations or require- ments. . 11.1 Prior to daily Operation, a check shall be made to ensure that the System functions in accordance with the System manufacturers written instructions. Identified System malfunctions shall be corrected, in accordance with t

48、he System manufacturers in- structions, Prior to the continued usage of the System. 11.2 Every twelve months or more frequently, the System shall be inspected and tested by a qualified person. If calibration is required, it shall be done by a qualified person. 11.3 The crane owner (User) shall maint

49、ain a record of the dates and the results of the annual (minimum) or periodic inspections for the crane. Records should be kept where available to appointed personnel. 13.2 Training of the crane Operator shall be con- ducted according to the requirements of ISO 9926-1 as follows: Prior to authorization to operate the crane, a check shall be made by a qualified person to ensure that the Operator is aware and understands the System manufacturers written instructions on Operation and function. SANS 578-2:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and free