SANS 61-1-2009 Cranes - Limiting and indicating devices Part 1 General《起重机 限制及标示设备 第1部分 一般》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22581-0 SANS 61-1:2009 Edition 2 ISO 10245-1:2008 Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Cranes Limiting and indicating devices Part 1:

4、General This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 10245-1:2008, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27

5、 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 61-1:2009 Edition 2 ISO 10245-1:2008 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National C

6、ommittee SABS TC 96, Cranes, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in April 2009. This SANS document supersedes SANS 61-1:2003 (edition 1). Reference is made in 4.2.1 of ISO 10245-1:2008 to

7、the rated capacity limiters and indicators that shall be provided on all cranes having a rated capacity of 3 t and above. In South Africa the rated capacity of all cranes is 5 t in accordance with the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993) (Machinery regulation 18(2)(b)(ii),18

8、(9)(a) and 18(9)(b). In ISO 10245-1:2008, “an overturning moment of 40 000 .m“ in 4.2.1 should read “an overturning moment of 40 000 N.m“, and “slake rope“ in 4.6.1 should read “slack rope“. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. Refe

9、rence number ISO 10245-1:2008(E) ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10245-1 Second edition 2008-01-15 Cranes Limiting and indicating devices Part 1: General Appareils de levage charge suspendue Limiteurs et indicateurs Partie 1: Gnralits SANS 61-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by ap

10、proved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10245-1:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and

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13、nd, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and mic

14、rofilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO

15、2008 All rights reservedSANS 61-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10245-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Safety requ

16、irements and/or measures . 3 5 Inspection 7 6 Maintenance 7 7 Operating instructions and operator training8 8 Information for use . 8 Bibliography . 9 SANS 61-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10245-1:2008(E) iv ISO 2008

17、 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a s

18、ubject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission

19、(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical comm

20、ittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not

21、be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10245-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 96, Cranes, Subcommittee SC 8, Jib cranes. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10245-1:1994), which has been technically revised. ISO 10245 consists o

22、f the following parts, under the general title Cranes Limiting and indicating devices: Part 1: General Part 2: Mobile cranes Part 3: Tower cranes Part 4: Jib cranes Part 5: Overhead travelling and portal bridge cranes SANS 61-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription

23、and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10245-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Cranes Limiting and indicating devices Part 1: General 1 Scope This part of ISO 10245 specifies general requirements for limiting and indicating devices for cranes that are applicable to loa

24、ds and motions, performance and environment. These devices restrict operation and/or provide the operator or other persons with operational information. The specific requirements for the various types of crane are given in the other parts of ISO 10245. It is emphasized that the safe and reliable ope

25、ration of limiters and indicators depends upon regular inspection and maintenance. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the

26、 referenced document (including any amendments) applies ISO 4306-1, Cranes Vocabulary Part 1: General 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4306-1 and the following apply. 3.1 anti-collision device device used to prevent cranes or parts of

27、cranes from colliding with a fixed load-lifting attachment when they are manoeuvred simultaneously in the same space NOTE A working space limiter may perform the function of an anti-collision device in certain applications. 3.2 configuration combination and position of structural members, counterwei

28、ghts, support or outrigger position, hook block reeving and similar items assembled, positioned and erected in accordance with manufacturers instructions and ready for operation 3.3 continuous warning warning visually by means of either a flashing or uninterrupted light, or audibly by either a pulsi

29、ng or uninterrupted sound, that persists throughout the time during which the condition being indicated exists SANS 61-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10245-1:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3.4 control station p

30、osition limiter device used on cranes having a control station that can be moved by powered movement to different positions, to prevent movement of the control station beyond specified limits 3.5 derricking limiter device used to prevent the raising or lowering of a jib, boom, fly jib, “A-frame” or

31、mast beyond specified limits 3.6 hoisting limiter device used to prevent either the fixed load-lifting attachment from being raised such that it inadvertently strikes the crane structure or any other specified upper limitation of the load-lifting attachment from being exceeded 3.7 indicator device t

32、hat provides warnings and/or data to facilitate the competent control of the crane within its design parameters 3.8 lowering limiter device used to ensure that the minimum engagement of the lifting medium, e.g. the minimum number of turns of rope on the hoist drum, is maintained at all times during

33、operation 3.9 lowering limiter mechanical device designed to prevent the chain from running out of engagement with the driving mechanism 3.10 motion limiter device which restricts a crane motion or initiates the stopping of the motion NOTE See the examples given in 4.5.1.1. 3.11 performance limiter

34、device that automatically prevents a design performance characteristic from being exceeded NOTE See the examples given in 4.5.2.1. 3.12 rated capacity load that the crane is designed to lift for a given operating condition (e.g. the configuration or position of the load) 3.13 rated capacity indicato

35、r device which, within specified tolerance limits, gives a continuous indication that the rated capacity is exceeded NOTE 1 On certain crane types, the rated capacity indicator will give another continuous indication when the rated capacity is approached. NOTE 2 See 4.4.1.2 a). 3.14 rated capacity l

36、imiter device that automatically prevents the crane from handling loads in excess of its rated capacity, taking into account the dynamic effects during normal operational use SANS 61-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 102

37、45-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 3.15 reference outreach or radius horizontal distance between a vertical line through the centre of gravity of a load and the corresponding tipping line 3.16 slack rope limiter device used to stop motion in the event of the rope becoming slack 3.17 slewing

38、 limiter device used to prevent slewing beyond specified limits 3.18 telescoping limiter device used to prevent the extension or retraction of a member beyond specified limits 3.19 travelling and traversing limiter device used to prevent all types of movement along rail tracks or runways beyond spec

39、ified limits 3.20 working space limiter device used to prevent a fixed load-lifting attachment and/or parts of the crane from entering a prohibited space NOTE Working space limitation is often achieved by a combination of different limiters. 4 Safety requirements and/or measures 4.1 Limiters and ind

40、icators 4.1.1 The crane manufacturer shall select a device having a specification that is compatible with the designed use of the crane, taking the following into account: a) the operating environment, e.g. relative humidity, freezing, condensation; b) the rated capacity; c) crane characteristics; d

41、) electromagnetic compatibility. 4.1.2 The installation of limiters and indicators shall be carried out in a manner that does not reduce the required strength of the crane. 4.1.3 The effects (e.g. forces, stopping distances) resulting from the operation of the limiter shall be within the design cons

42、traints of the crane. 4.1.4 Systems shall enable periodic functional checks to be carried out to verify that indicators are operating correctly. 4.1.5 If interruption of the power occurs, the setting of limiters and indicators shall be retained. 4.1.6 Devices shall be capable of withstanding the sho

43、ck loads and vibrations transmitted to them during normal usage, erection, rope changing, dismantling and maintenance of the crane. 4.1.7 Painting or other corrosion protection shall not affect the correct functioning of limiters and indicators. SANS 61-1:2009This standard may only be used and print

44、ed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 10245-1:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved4.2 General requirements for rated capacity limiters and indicators 4.2.1 Rated capacity limiters and indicators shall be provided on all cranes having a rated capacity of 3 t and above.

45、 It is, however, recommended for cranes of 1 t and above, or an overturning moment of 40 000 m and above. NOTE For rope or chain hoists for which the rated capacity does not vary with the position of the load, the risk assessment can show that the rated capacity indicator is not necessary. 4.2.2 The

46、 rated capacity limiter/indicator shall perform in accordance with the requirements of this part of ISO 10245 for all rated capacities and all configurations described in the operating manual supplied by the manufacturer. 4.2.3 If a crane can be operated with different configurations, there shall be

47、 an indication of the crane configuration for which the rated capacity limiter/indicator has been set. Where a configuration selecting device is provided, a direct description of the configuration selected shall be provided on the device, or a code which can be checked against a separate list of cod

48、es/configurations. 4.2.4 Rated capacity limiters and indicators shall operate automatically for all configurations and positions of the crane. 4.2.5 Features shall be incorporated to minimize the risk of accidental change of any manual setting device (e.g. by locking or double action). 4.2.6 The num

49、ber of setting positions of the configuration selection device(s) shall relate to the number of configurations provided for the crane. Positions which are not utilized shall render the crane inoperative or not cause an unsafe crane condition if selected. 4.2.7 The design and installation of rated capacity indicators and rated capacity limiters shall take into account the need to test the crane with overloads, without dismantling or permanently affecting the performance of the indicator or limiter. Where it is nece