SANS 62577-2009 Evaluation of human exposure to electromagnetic fields from a stand-alone broadcast transmitter (30 MHz - 40 GHz)《人体暴露于来自单机播放发射机(30 MHz - 40 GHz)电磁场的评定》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-23430-0 SANS 62577:2009Edition 1IEC 62577:2009Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Evaluation of human exposure to electromagnetic fie

4、lds from a stand-alone broadcast transmitter (30 MHz 40 GHz) This national standard is the identical implementation of IEC 62577:2009 and is adopted with the permission of the International Electrotechnical Commission. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X19

5、1 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 62577:2009 Edition 1 IEC 62577:2009 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 73, Electromagnetic compatibility, in accord

6、ance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in xxxxx 2009. IEC 62577Edition 1.0 2009-08INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALEEvaluation of human exposure to electromagnetic fields from a stand-alone b

7、roadcast transmitter (30 MHz 40 GHz) Evaluation de lexposition des personnes aux champs lectromagntiques provenant des metteurs de radiodiffusion isols (30 MHz 40 GHz) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE TICS 13.280; 17.240; 33.170 PRICE CODECODE PRIX

8、ISBN 2-8318-1057-0 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale colourinsideSANS 62577:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS . 2 62577 IEC:200

9、9 CONTENTS FOREWORD.3 1 Scope and object5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Physical quantities, units and constants .9 4.1 Quantities9 4.2 Constants10 5 Applicability of compliance assessment methods10 5.1 Overview .10 5.2 Assessment procedure 10 5.3 Representative antennas for

10、 each service .11 6 SAR measurement and calculation .12 6.1 Whole-body SAR inherent compliance.12 6.2 SAR compliance12 7 Electromagnetic field measurement 12 7.1 Measurement 12 7.2 Measurement uncertainty 13 8 Electromagnetic field calculation 16 8.1 Procedures to calculate the electromagnetic field

11、16 8.2 Field regions .17 8.3 Calculation models 18 9 Contact currents measurement and calculation.19 10 Induced current measurement and calculation19 Annex A (normative) Field measurement in a volume surrounding the EUT20 Annex B (informative) Compliance boundary examples23 Bibliography25 Figure 1 A

12、lternative routes to calculate E-field, H-field values at point of investigation.17 Figure A.1 Block diagram of the EUT measurement system .20 Figure A.2 Cylindrical, cartesian and spherical co-ordinates defined relative to the EUT 21 Table 1 Applicable methods for each antenna region .11 Table 2 Re

13、presentative antennas.12 Table 3 Recommended parameters13 Table 4 Uncertainty evaluation.16 Table B.1 Compliance boundary examples.24 SANS 62577:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .62577 IEC:2009 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNIC

14、AL COMMISSION _ EVALUATION OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS FROM A STAND-ALONE BROADCAST TRANSMITTER (30 MHz 40 GHz) FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC Nat

15、ional Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publ

16、icly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-govern

17、mental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on

18、 technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted

19、 by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international

20、uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter

21、. 5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its dire

22、ctors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arisin

23、g out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is dr

24、awn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 62577 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 106: Methods for the assessment

25、 of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields associated with human exposure, and CENELEC TC 106X: Electromagnetic fields in the human environment. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 106/176/FDIS 106/179/RVD Full information on the voting for the

26、 approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. SANS 62577:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .

27、 4 62577 IEC:2009 The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed; wi

28、thdrawn; replaced by a revised edition, or amended. IMPORTANT The “colour inside” logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this publication using a colou

29、r printer. SANS 62577:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .62577 IEC:2009 5 EVALUATION OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS FROM A STAND-ALONE BROADCAST TRANSMITTER (30 MHz 40 GHz) 1 Scope and object This International S

30、tandard applies to a single stand-alone broadcast transmitter operating in the frequency range 30 MHz to 40 GHz when put on the market (see Note 1). The objective of the standard is to specify, for such equipment operating in typical conditions, the method for assessment of compliance distances acco

31、rding to the basic restrictions (directly or indirectly via compliance with reference levels) related to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields. NOTE 1 This standard only applies to broadcast transmitters being placed on the market (type approval) and does not apply to broadcast tr

32、ansmitters being commissioned or placed into service. NOTE 2 Compliance certification depends on the policy of national regulatory bodies. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited ap

33、plies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) EN 50413, Basic standard on measurement and calculation proced

34、ures for human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (0 Hz 300 GHz) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 antenna device that serves as a transducer between a guided wave (e.g. coaxial cable) and a free space wav

35、e, or vice versa 3.2 basic restriction restrictions on exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields that are based directly on established health effects 3.3 broadcasting service radiocommunication service in which the transmissions are intended for direct reception by the

36、 general public. This service may include sound transmissions, television transmissions or other types of transmission SANS 62577:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS . 6 62577 IEC:2009 3.4 compliance distance minimum distance f

37、rom the antenna where a point of investigation is deemed to be compliant. The set of compliance distances therefore defines the boundary outside which the exposure levels do not exceed the basic restrictions irrespective of the time of exposure. The distances are measured related to the nearest poin

38、t of the antenna in each investigation direction 3.5 conductivity ratio of the conduction-current density in a medium to the electric field strength. Conductivity is expressed in units of siemens per metre (S/m) 3.6 contact current current produced in the body involved by human contact with metallic

39、 objects in the field. Shocks and burns can be the adverse indirect effects. Contact current relates to an instantaneous effect and so cant be time-averaged 3.7 electric field strength E magnitude of a field vector at a point that represents the force (F) on a positive small charge (q) divided by th

40、e charge qFE = (1) Electric field strength is expressed in units of volt per metre (V/m). 3.8 electric flux density D magnitude of a field vector that is equal to the electric field strength (E) multiplied by the permittivity ( ) ED = (2) Electric flux density is expressed in units of coulomb per sq

41、uare metre (C/m). NOTE See also IEV 121-11-40. 3.9 equipment under test EUT device (such as transmitter, or antenna as appropriate) that is the subject of the specific test investigation being described 3.10 induced current currents circulating inside a human body resulting directly from an exposure

42、 to an electromagnetic field SANS 62577:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .62577 IEC:2009 7 3.11 intrinsic impedance (of free space 0 ) ratio of the electric field strength to the magnetic field strength of a propagating elec

43、tromagnetic wave. The intrinsic impedance of a plane wave in free space is 120 (approximately 377 ) 3.12 isotropic radiator a hypothetical antenna, without loss, having equal radiation intensities in all directions and serving as a convenient reference for expressing the directional properties of ac

44、tual antennas NOTE Deviations of isotropy have to be considered at all measured values of EMF with regard to various angles of incidence and polarization of the measured field. In this document it is defined for incidences covering a hemisphere centred at the tip of the probe, with an equatorial pla

45、ne normal to the probe and expanding outside the probe. The axial isotropy is defined by the maximum deviation of the measured quantity when rotating the probe along its main axis with the probe exposed to a reference wave with normal incidence with regard to the axis of the probe. The hemispherical

46、 isotropy is defined by the maximum deviation of the measured quantity when rotating the probe along its main axis with the probe exposed to a reference wave with varying angles of incidences and polarisation with regard to the axis of the probe in the half space in front of the probe. 3.13 linearit

47、y when all relationships between a reference quantity and the deviations of this quantity lie along a straight line (e.g. of an antenna or any other technical device). The maximum deviation over the measurement range of the measured quantity value from the closest linear reference curve defined over

48、 a given interval should be taken into account in measurement procedures 3.14 magnetic field strength H magnitude of a field vector in a point that results in a force (F) on a charge q moving with the velocity v()HqF = (3) The magnetic field strength is expressed in units of ampere per metre (A/m).

49、3.15 magnetic flux density B magnitude of a field vector that is equal to the magnetic field strength H multiplied by the permeability () of the medium =B (4) Magnetic flux density is expressed in units of tesla (T). 3.16 modulation process, or the result of the process, where some characteristic of the wave (amplitude, frequency or phase) is varied in accordance with another wave or signal. It must also be taken into consideration when carrying out measurements and calculation