SANS 6506-1-2009 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test Part 1 Test method《金属材料 布氏硬度试验 第1部分：试验方法》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22672-5 SANS 6506-1:2009Edition 2ISO 6506-1:2005Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1:

4、Test method This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 6506-1:2005 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +2

5、7 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 6506-1:2009 Edition 2 ISO 6506-1:2005 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 164, Engineering materials Mechanical testing of metals, in accordance with procedure

6、s of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in October 2009. This SANS document supersedes SANS 6506-1:2003 (edition 1). Reference numberISO 6506-1:2005(E)ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO6506-1Second edition2005-12-15Metal

7、lic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method Matriaux mtalliques Essai de duret Brinell Partie 1: Mthode dessai SANS 6506-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6506-1:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may con

8、tain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsib

9、ility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation pa

10、rameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless other

11、wise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright

12、 office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reservedSANS 6506-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the S

13、ABS .ISO 6506-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Principle1 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms 2 5 Apparatus .3 6 Test piece .3 7 Procedure .4 8 Uncertainty of the results .6 9 Test report 6 Annex A (informative) Proce

14、dure for periodic checking of the testing machine by the user.7 Annex B (normative) Minimum thickness of the test piece in relation to the mean diameter of indentation8 Annex C (informative) Uncertainty of the measured hardness values 9 Bibliography 15 SANS 6506-1:2009This s tandard may only be used

15、 and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6506-1:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Internation

16、al Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO,

17、 also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical comm

18、ittees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the p

19、ossibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 6506-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee SC 3, Hardness testing. Th

20、is second edition, together with ISO 6506-4, cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6506-1:1999), which has been technically revised. ISO 6506 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials Brinell hardness test: Part 1: Test method Part 2: Verification and calibrat

21、ion of testing machines Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks Part 4: Table of hardness values SANS 6506-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6506-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved vIntroduction Attention is drawn

22、to the fact that in this part of ISO 6506, only the use of the hardmetal ball indenter is specified. The designation of the Brinell hardness is HBW and should not be confused with the former designation HB, or HBS when a steel ball indenter was used. Periodic checking of the testing machine describe

23、d in the informative Annex A is good metrological practice. It is intended to make this annex normative in the next revision of this part of ISO 6506. .SANS 6506-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .SANS 6506-1:2009This s tan

24、dard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6506-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 1Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method 1 Scope This part of ISO 6506 specifies the method for the Brinell hard

25、ness test for metallic materials and is applicable up to the limit of 650 HBW. For specific materials and/or products, particular International Standards exist (i.e. ISO 4498-1). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dat

26、ed references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 4498-1, Sintered metal materials, excluding hardmetals Determination of apparent hardness Part 1: Materials of essentially uniform section hard

27、ness ISO 6506-2:2005, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines ISO 6506-4, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 4: Table of hardness values 3 Principle An indenter (hardmetal ball with diameter D) is forced into the surface of a test

28、piece and, after removal of the force F, the diameter of the indentation d left in the surface is measured. The Brinell hardness is proportional to the quotient obtained by dividing the test force by the curved surface area of the indentation. The indentation is assumed to retain the shape of the ba

29、ll, and its surface area is calculated from the mean indentation diameter and the ball diameter. SANS 6506-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6506-1:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reserved4 Symbols and abbreviated terms

30、4.1 See Figure 1 and Table 1. Table 1 Symbols and abbreviated terms Symbol / Abbreviated term Designation Unit D F d d1, d2h HBW 0,102F/D 2Diameter of the ball Test force Mean diameter of the indentation 122ddd+= Indentation diameters measured at 90 Depth of indentation 22(1 1 )2DhdD= Brinell hardne

31、ss Test forceConstantSurface area of indentation= 222)2HBW 0,102 (1 1 /FDdD=force-diameter ratio mm N mm mm mm N/mm2NOTE 1Constant 0,1029,806 65= , where 9,806 65 is the conversion factor from kgf to N. 4.2 The following is an example of the designation of Brinell hardness, HBW. EXAMPLE NOTE In form

32、er standards, in cases when a steel ball had been used, the Brinell hardness was denoted by HB or HBS. SANS 6506-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6506-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 3For symbols, see Table 1.

33、Figure 1 Principle of test 5 Apparatus 5.1 Testing machine, capable of applying a predetermined test force or forces within the range of 9,807 N to 29,42 kN, in accordance with ISO 6506-2. 5.2 Indenter, a polished hardmetal ball, as specified in ISO 6506-2. 5.3 Measuring device, as specified in ISO

34、6506-2. NOTE A suggested procedure for periodic checks by the user is given in Annex A. 6 Test piece 6.1 The test shall be carried out on a surface which is smooth and even, free from oxide scale, foreign matter and, in particular, free from lubricants. The test piece shall have a surface finish tha

35、t will allow an accurate measurement of the diameter of the indentation. 6.2 Preparation shall be carried out in such a way that any alteration of the surface, for example, due to excessive heating or cold-working, is minimized. 6.3 The thickness of the test piece shall be at least eight times the d

36、epth of indentation. Values for the minimum thickness of the test piece in relation to the mean diameter of indentation are given in Annex B. Visible deformation at the back of the test piece can indicate that the test piece is too thin. SANS 6506-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by

37、 approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6506-1:2005(E) 4 ISO 2005 All rights reserved7 Procedure 7.1 In general, the test is to be carried out at ambient temperature within the limits of 10 C to 35 C. Tests carried out under controlled conditions shall be made at a temperatur

38、e of (23 5) C. 7.2 The test forces given in Table 2 shall be used. NOTE Other test forces and force-diameter ratios may be used by special agreement. 7.3 The test force shall be chosen so that the diameter of the indentation d lies between the values 0,24 D and 0,6 D. Table 3 indicates recommended f

39、orce-diameter ratios (0,102 F/D2) that are appropriate for use when testing certain materials and hardness levels. In order to test the largest representative area of the test piece, the diameter of the testing ball shall be chosen to be as large as possible. When the thickness of the test piece per

40、mits, a 10 mm diameter ball is preferred. 7.4 The test piece shall be placed on a rigid support. The contact surfaces shall be clean and free from foreign matter (scale, oil, dirt, etc). It is important that the test piece lies firmly on the support so that displacement cannot occur during the test.

41、 7.5 Bring the indenter into contact with the test surface and apply the test force in a direction perpendicular to the surface, without shock, vibration or overrun, until the applied force attains the specified value. The time from the initial application of force to the time the full test force is

42、 reached shall not be less than 2 s nor greater than 8 s. Maintain the test force for 10 s to 15 s. For certain materials, where a longer duration of the test force is required; this time shall be applied with a tolerance of 2 s. 7.6 Throughout the test, the testing machine shall be protected from s

43、ignificant shock or vibration, which can influence the test result. 7.7 The distance of the edge of the test piece to the centre of each indentation shall be a minimum of two and a half times the mean indentation diameter. The distance between the centres of two adjacent indentations shall be at lea

44、st three times the mean indentation diameter. 7.8 Measure the diameter of each indentation in two directions perpendicular to each other. The arithmetic mean of the two readings shall be taken for the calculation of the Brinell hardness. NOTE For automatic measuring systems, the following may be use

45、d: the average of a greater number of equally spaced measurements; an assessment of the projected indentation area into the material surface. 7.9 ISO 6506-4 contains a calculation table, which shall be used to determine the Brinell hardness for tests on flat surfaces. SANS 6506-1:2009This s tandard

46、may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6506-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 5Table 2 Test forces for the different testing conditions Hardness symbol Ball diameter D mm Force-diameter ratio 0,102 F/D2N/mm2Nominal value of test force F HB

47、W 10/3 000 10 30 29,42 kN HBW 10/1 500 10 15 14,71 kN HBW 10/1 000 10 10 9,807 kN HBW 10/500 10 5 4,903 kN HBW 10/250 10 2,5 2,452 kN HBW 10/100 10 1 980,7 N HBW 5/750 5 30 7,355 kN HBW 5/250 5 10 2,452 kN HBW 5/125 5 5 1,226 kN HBW 5/62,5 5 2,5 612,9 N HBW 5/25 5 1 245,2 N HBW 2,5/187,5 2,5 30 1,83

48、9 kN HBW 2,5/62,5 2,5 10 612,9 N HBW 2,5/31,25 2,5 5 306,5 N HBW 2,5/15,625 2,5 2,5 153,2 N HBW 2,5/6,25 2,5 1 61,29 N HBW 1/30 1 30 294,2 N HBW 1/10 1 10 98,07 N HBW 1/5 1 5 49,03 N HBW 1/2,5 1 2,5 24,52 N HBW 1/1 1 1 9,807 N Table 3 Ratio 0,102 F/D2for different metallic materials Material Brinell

49、 hardness HBW Force-diameter ratio 0,102 F/D2N/mm2Steel, nickel alloys, titanium alloys 30 Cast irona200 30 80 10 15 Lead, tin 1 Sintered metal According to ISO 4498-1 aFor the testing of cast iron, the nominal diameter of the ball shall be 2,5 mm, 5 mm or 10 mm. SANS 6506-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6506-1:2005(E) 6 ISO 2005 All rights reserved8 Uncertainty of the results A c