SANS 6508-1-2009 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test Part 1 Test method (scales A B C D E F G H K N T)《金属材料 洛氏硬度试验 第1部分：试验方法（等级A，B，C，D，E，F，G，H，K，N，T）》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22669-5 SANS 6508-1:2009Edition 2ISO 6508-1:2005Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test Part 1:

4、 Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 6508-1:2005 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191

5、 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 6508-1:2009 Edition 2 ISO 6508-1:2005 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 164, Engineering materials Mechanical testi

6、ng of metals, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in December 2009. This SANS document supersedes SANS 6508-1:2003 (edition 1). Reference numberISO 6508-1:2005(E)ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL STAN

7、DARD ISO6508-1Second edition2005-12-15Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) Matriaux mtalliques Essai de duret Rockwell Partie 1: Mthode dessai (chelles A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) SANS 6508-1:2009This s tandard may only be used a

8、nd printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6508-1:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are

9、licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details

10、of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relat

11、ing to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, witho

12、ut permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All righ

13、ts reservedSANS 6508-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6508-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Principle. 1 4 Symbols, abbreviate

14、d terms and designations . 1 5 Testing machine 4 6 Test piece 4 7 Procedure 5 8 Uncertainty of the results 6 9 Test report . 6 Annex A (normative) Conventional HR30Tm and HR15Tm test for thin products 8 Annex B (normative) Minimum thickness of the test piece in relation to the Rockwell hardness 9 An

15、nex C (normative) Corrections to be added to Rockwell hardness values obtained on convex cylindrical surfaces 12 Annex D (normative) Corrections to be added to Rockwell hardness C scale values obtained on spherical test surfaces of various diameters 15 Annex E (informative) Procedure for periodic ch

16、ecking of the testing machine by the user 16 Annex F (informative) Notes on diamond indenters. 17 Annex G (informative) Uncertainty of the measured hardness values. 18 Bibliography . 24 SANS 6508-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of th

17、e SABS .ISO 6508-1:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committe

18、es. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Inte

19、rnational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International S

20、tandards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the su

21、bject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 6508-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee SC 3, Hardness testing. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6508-

22、1:1999), which has been technically revised. ISO 6508 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test: Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G,

23、 H, K, N, T) Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) SANS 6508-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6508-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved vIntroduction The periodic checking

24、of the testing machine described in informative Annex E is good metrological practice. It is intended to make the annex normative in the next revision of this part of ISO 6508. SANS 6508-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .S

25、ANS 6508-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6508-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 1Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) 1 Sc

26、ope This part of ISO 6508 specifies the method for Rockwell and Rockwell superficial hardness tests (scales and field of application according to Table 1) for metallic materials. Attention is drawn to the fact that, in this part of ISO 6508, the use of hardmetal for ball indenters is considered to b

27、e the standard type of Rockwell indenter ball. Steel indenter balls may be continued to be used if specified in a product specification, or by special agreement. NOTE 1 Attention is drawn to the fact that results obtained with hardmetal balls can be significantly different than when using a steel ba

28、ll. For specific materials and/or products, other specific International Standards apply (for instance ISO 3738-1 and ISO 4498-1). NOTE 2 For certain materials, the fields of application may be narrower than those indicated. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable

29、 for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6508-2:2005, Metallic materials Rockwell hardness test Part 2: Verification and calibration of te

30、sting machines (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) 3 Principle Forcing an indenter of specified size, shape and material into the surface of a test piece in two steps under specified conditions (see Clause 7). Measuring the permanent depth h of indentation under preliminary test force after rem

31、oval of additional test force. From the values of h and that of the two constants N and S (see Table 2), the Rockwell hardness is calculated according to the formula: Rockwell hardnesshNS= (1) 4 Symbols, abbreviated terms and designations 4.1 See Tables 1 and 2 and Figure 1. SANS 6508-1:2009This s t

32、andard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6508-1:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reservedTable 1 Rockwell scales Rockwell hardness scale Hardness symbol Type of indenter Preliminary test force F0Additional test force F1Total test force F Fiel

33、d of application (Rockwell hardness test)AaHRA Diamond cone 98,07 N 490,3 N 588,4 N 20 HRA to 88 HRA BbHRB Ball 1,587 5 mm 98,07 N 882,6 N 980,7 N 20 HRB to 100 HRB CcHRC Diamond cone 98,07 N 1,373 kN 1,471 kN 20 HRC to 70 HRC D HRD Diamond cone 98,07 N 882,6 N 980,7 N 40 HRD to 77 HRD E HRE Ball 3,

34、175 mm 98,07 N 882,6 N 980,7 N 70 HRE to 100 HRE F HRF Ball 1,587 5 mm 98,07 N 490,3 N 588,4 N 60 HRF to 100 HRF G HRG Ball 1,587 5 mm 98,07 N 1,373 kN 1,471 kN 30 HRG to 94 HRG H HRH Ball 3,175 mm 98,07 N 490,3 N 588,4 N 80 HRH to 100 HRH K HRK Ball 3,175 mm 98,07 N 1,373 kN 1,471 kN 40 HRK to 100

35、HRK 15N HR15N Diamond cone 29,42 N 117,7 N 147,1 N 70 HR15N to 94 HR15N 30N HR30N Diamond cone 29,42 N 264,8 N 294,2 N 42 HR30N to 86 HR30N 45N HR45N Diamond cone 29,42 N 411,9 N 441,3 N 20 HR45N to 77 HR45N 15T HR15T Ball 1,587 5 mm 29,42 N 117,7 N 147,1 N 67 HR15T to 93 HR15T 30T HR30T Ball 1,587

36、5 mm 29,42 N 264,8 N 294,2 N 29 HR30T to 82 HR30T 45T HR45T Ball 1,587 5 mm 29,42 N 411,9 N 441,3 N 10 HR45T to 72 HR45T aThe field of application can be extended to 94 HRA for testing carbides. bThe field of application can be extended to 10 HRBW if specified in the product specification or by spec

37、ial agreement. cThe field of application can be extended to 10 HRC if the indenter possesses the appropriate dimensions. NOTE Indenter balls with diameter 6,350 mm and 12,70 mm may also be used, if specified in the product specification or by special agreement. SANS 6508-1:2009This s tandard may onl

38、y be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6508-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 3Table 2 Symbols and abbreviated terms Symbol/ Abbreviated term Designation UnitF0Preliminary test force N F1Additional test force N F Total test force N S Scale unit,

39、specific to the scale mm N Number, specific to the scale h Permanent depth of indentation under preliminary test force after removal of additional test force (permanent indentation depth) mm HRA HRC HRD Rockwell hardness 1000,002h= HRB HRE HRF HRG HRH HRK Rockwell hardness 130 0,002h= HRN HRT Rockwe

40、ll hardness 1000,001h= 4.2 The following is an example of the designation of Rockwell hardness. EXAMPLE NOTE The numbers representing the test forces were originally based on units of kgf. For example, the test force of 30 kgf has been converted to 294,2 N. SANS 6508-1:2009This s tandard may only be

41、 used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6508-1:2005(E) 4 ISO 2005 All rights reservedKey 1 Indentation depth by preliminary force F02 Indentation depth by additional test force F13 Elastic recovery just after removal of additional test force F14 Permanent

42、indentation depth h 5 Surface of specimen 6 Reference plane for measurement 7 Position of indenter Figure 1 Rockwell principle diagram 5 Testing machine 5.1 Testing machine, capable of applying predetermined forces as shown in Table 1 and in accordance with ISO 6508-2. 5.2 Conical diamond indenter,

43、in accordance with ISO 6508-2, with an angle of 120 and radius of curvature at the tip of 0,2 mm. 5.3 Hardmetal ball indenter, in accordance with ISO 6508-2, with a diameter of 1,587 5 mm or 3,175 mm. 5.4 Measuring system, in accordance with ISO 6508-2. NOTE A suggested procedure for periodic checks

44、 is given in Annex E. See also notes on diamond indenters in Annex F. 6 Test piece 6.1 The test shall be carried out on a surface which is smooth and even, free from oxide scale, foreign matter and, in particular, completely free from lubricants, unless specified otherwise in product or materials st

45、andards. An exception is made for reactive metals, such as titanium, which might adhere to the indenter. In such situations, a suitable lubricant such as kerosene may be used. The use of a lubricant shall be reported on the test report. 6.2 Preparation shall be carried out in such a way that any alt

46、eration of the surface hardness due to excessive heating or cold-working for example, is minimized. This shall be taken into account, particularly in the case of low-depth indentations. 6.3 After the test, no deformation shall be visible on the surface of the test piece opposite the indentation, exc

47、ept for HR30Tm (in this case, the test shall be performed in accordance with Annex A). SANS 6508-1:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 6508-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 5The thickness of the test piece, or of the

48、 layer under test (minimum values given in Annex B), shall be at least ten times the permanent indentation depth for cone indenters and fifteen times the permanent indentation depth for ball indenters, unless it can be demonstrated that the use of a thinner test piece does not affect the measured ha

49、rdness value. 6.4 For tests on convex cylindrical surfaces and spherical surfaces, the corrections given in Annex C (Tables C.1, C.2, C.3 or C.4) and in Annex D (Table D.1) shall be applied. In the absence of corrections for tests on concave surfaces, tests on such surfaces should be the subject of a special agreement. 7 Procedure 7.1 The test is normally carried out at ambient temperature within the limits of 10 C to 35 C. However, because temperature variation may affect the results, users of the