SANS 738-1-2008 Water quality - Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn) Part 1 Dilution and seeding method with allylthiourea addition《水质 n天后(BODn)生化氧需求测定 .pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21414-2 SANS 738-1:2008Edition 1ISO 5815-1:2003Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Water quality Determination of biochemical oxygen

4、demand after n days (BODn) Part 1: Dilution and seeding method with allylthiourea addition This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 5815-1:2003 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr late

5、gan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 738-1:2008 Edition 1 ISO 5815-1:2003 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was appro

6、ved by National Committee StanSA SC 5140.19B, Water Biological treatment and assessment of water, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in April 2008. Reference numberISO 5815-1:2003(E)ISO 2003IN

7、TERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO5815-1First edition2003-04-01Water quality Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn) Part 1: Dilution and seeding method with allylthiourea addition Qualit de leau Dtermination de la demande biochimique en oxygne aprs n jours (DBOn) Partie 1: Mthode par d

8、ilution et ensemencement avec apport dallylthioure SANS 738-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 5815-1:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this

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13、 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2003 All rights reservedSANS 738-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 5815-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Fore

14、word iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Principle . 2 5 Reagents 2 6 Apparatus. 4 7 Storage of the sample. 4 8 Procedure. 5 8.1 Pretreatment 5 8.2 Preparation of test solutions . 6 8.3 Blank test . 7 8.4 Procedure. 7 8.5 Control analysis 7 9 Calculati

15、on and expression of results 8 9.1 Examination for valid oxygen consumption during test. 8 9.2 Calculation of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn) 8 10 Special cases. 8 11 Test report 9 Annex A (informative) Alternative incubation methods . 10 Annex B (informative) Multitesting . 12 Annex C

16、 (informative) Trueness and precision. 13 Bibliography . 15 SANS 738-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 5815-1:2003(E) iv ISO 2003 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is

17、a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represent

18、ed on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are dra

19、fted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International St

20、andard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 5815-1 was prepare

21、d by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Physical, chemical and biochemical methods. This first edition of ISO 5815-1, together with ISO 5815-2, cancels and replaces ISO 5815:1989, which has been technically revised. ISO 5815 consists of the following parts, under the g

22、eneral title Water quality Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn): Part 1: Dilution and seeding method with allylthiourea addition Part 2: Method for undiluted samples ISO 5815-1 is the equivalent of European Standard EN 1899-1. SANS 738-1:2008This s tandard may only be used

23、and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 5815-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved vIntroduction This part of ISO 5815 is a modified version of ISO 5815:1989, Water quality Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after 5 days (BOD5) Dilution and seeding meth

24、od. The times of incubation specified in this part of ISO 5815 are 5 days, as in ISO 5815:1989 and as applied in many European countries, or 7 days, as applied in several Nordic countries for many years. The 7-day incubation typically gives higher BOD results than 5 days incubation time. With an inc

25、ubation period of 5 days, weekend work can only be avoided if samples are collected Wednesdays, Thursdays or Fridays. With an incubation period of 7 days, samples collected on the first five weekdays can be analysed without implying weekend work. For this reason, a 7-day incubation period can be con

26、sidered more convenient than the conventional 5-day incubation. A new, modified 7-day incubation period is described in Annex A. Early investigations indicate that BOD results obtained by this modified method are identical to results obtained by the 5-day method described in the main text of this pa

27、rt of ISO 5815. It is hoped that more comparative data on these two incubation methods will be obtained during the coming years, so that the modified 7-day incubation method can be included fully at the time of review and revision of this part of ISO 5815. For the determination of BODnof water sampl

28、es, the respirometric method described in ISO 9408 may also be used. In this part of ISO 5815, the limit of determination, DL, is defined as L0,95() B121fDt sn=+ (1) where sBis the within-series standard deviation; t0,95( f )is the Student t-value; f is the degrees of freedom for the determination o

29、f sB; n is the number of analyses for determination of the blank in an analytical series; sB is calculated from determinations of real samples with a BOD content near the estimated DL. In cases where the analytical method does not require any blank correction, the term 11n+ (2) is omitted. SANS 738-

30、1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .SANS 738-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5815-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reser

31、ved 1Water quality Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn) Part 1: Dilution and seeding method with allylthiourea addition WARNING Persons using this part of ISO 5815 should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This part of ISO 5815 does not purport to address all of t

32、he safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. 1 Scope This part of ISO 5815 specifies a determination of the biochemical oxygen demand of

33、 waters by dilution and seeding with suppression of nitrification. This part of ISO 5815 is applicable to all waters having biochemical oxygen demands greater than or equal to 3 mg/l of oxygen (the limit of determination) and not exceeding 6 000 mg/l of oxygen. For biochemical oxygen demands greater

34、 than 6 000 mg/l of oxygen, the method is still applicable, but the errors caused by the necessary dilutions can influence the analytical quality of the test method and the results are to be interpreted with circumspection. The results obtained are the product of a combination of biochemical and che

35、mical reactions. They do not have the rigorous and unambiguous character of those resulting from, for example, a single, well-defined, chemical process. Nevertheless, they provide an indication from which the quality of waters can be estimated. The test can be influenced by the presence of various s

36、ubstances. Those which are toxic to microorganisms, for example bactericides, toxic metals or free chlorine, will inhibit biochemical oxidation. The presence of algae or nitrifying microorganisms can produce artificially high results. Annex A describes alternative incubation periods. Annex B describ

37、es multitesting, which can be used to obtain enhanced precision or to demonstrate the presence of substances toxic to microorganisms. Annex C provides precision data. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference

38、s, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods ISO 5813:1983, Water quality Determination of dissolved oxygen Iodometric met

39、hod ISO 5814:1990, Water quality Determination of dissolved oxygen Electrochemical probe method ISO 6060:1989, Water quality Determination of chemical oxygen demand SANS 738-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 5815-1:200

40、3(E) 2 ISO 2003 All rights reservedISO 8245:1999, Water quality Guidelines for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) ISO 8467:1993, Water quality Determination of permanganate index 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following

41、terms and definitions apply. 3.1 biochemical oxygen demand after n days BODn mass concentration of dissolved oxygen consumed under specified conditions by the biochemical oxidation of organic and/or inorganic matter in water, where n is the incubation time equal to 5 days or 7 days NOTE 1 Adapted fr

42、om ISO 6107-2. NOTE 2 For the purposes of this part of ISO 5815, “biochemical oxidation” is taken to mean “biological oxidation”. 4 Principle It is absolutely essential that tests conducted according to this part of ISO 5815 are carried out by suitably qualified staff. The sample of water to be anal

43、ysed is pretreated and diluted with varying amounts of a dilution water rich in dissolved oxygen and containing a seed of aerobic microorganisms, with suppression of nitrification. The sample is incubated at 20 C for a defined period, 5 days or 7 days, in the dark, in a completely filled and stopper

44、ed bottle. The dissolved oxygen concentration is determined before and after incubation, and the mass of oxygen consumed per litre of sample is calculated. 5 Reagents Throughout the text, use only reagents of recognized analytical quality. 5.1 Water, grade 3 water in accordance with ISO 3696. The wa

45、ter shall not contain more than 0,01 mg/l of copper, nor chlorine or chloramines. 5.2 Seeding water, if the test sample itself does not contain sufficient adapted microorganisms. Seeding water obtained in one of the following ways shall be used: a) urban wastewater of maximum of COD (chemical oxygen

46、 demand measured in accordance with ISO 6060) 300 mg/l or TOC (total organic carbon measured in accordance with ISO 8245) 100 mg/l, collected from a mains sewer or from a sewer of a residential zone free from significant industrial contamination. Decant or filter the water through a coarse filter; b

47、) river or lake water containing urban wastewater; c) settled effluent from a wastewater treatment plant; d) water taken downstream from the discharge of the water to be analysed or water containing microorganisms adapted to the water to be analysed and cultivated in the laboratory (in the case of i

48、ndustrial effluents containing substances which degrade with difficulty); e) commercially available seeding material. SANS 738-1:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 5815-1:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 35.3 Salt sol

49、utions, stored in glass bottles at 0 C to 4 C in the dark. The following solutions are stable for 6 months. They shall be discarded at the first sign of precipitation or biological growth. 5.3.1 Phosphate buffer solution, pH 7,2. Dissolve 8,5 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), 21,75 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K2HPO4), 33,4 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate (Na2HPO4 7H2O) and 1,7 g of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) in about 500 ml of water. Dilute to 1 000 ml and mix. T