SANS 8083-2008 Machinery for forestry - Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) - Laboratory tests and performance requirements《林业机械 填充物防护结构(FOPS) 试验室试验和性能要求》.pdf

1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21837-9 SANS 8083:2008Edition 2 ISO 8083:2006Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Machinery for forestry Falling-object protective str

4、uctures (FOPS) Laboratory tests and performance requirements This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 8083:2006 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag

5、 X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 8083:2008 Edition 2 ISO 8083:2006 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1034, Agricultural, earth-moving, forestry

6、 and construction equipment and machinery, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in August 2008. This SANS document supersedes SANS 8083:2003 (edition 1). Reference numberISO 8083:2006(E)ISO

7、 2006INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO8083Second edition2006-01-15Machinery for forestry Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) Laboratory tests and performance requirements Matriel forestier Structures de protection contre les chutes dobjets (FOPS) Essais de laboratoire et exigences de performance SA

8、NS 8083:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8083:2006(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited u

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13、blished in Switzerland ii ISO 2006 All rights reservedSANS 8083:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8083:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3

14、 Terms and definitions .1 4 Laboratory tests.2 4.1 Apparatus .2 4.2 Test conditions 2 4.3 Test procedure.4 5 Performance requirements .6 5.1 Protective properties.6 5.2 Additional ROPS requirements 6 5.3 Temperature and material requirements.6 6 Reporting results .7 Annex A (normative) Test report f

15、or ISO 8083 .8 SANS 8083:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8083:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bod

16、ies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organization

17、s, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the I

18、SO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the

19、 member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 8083 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and m

20、achinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 15, Machinery for forestry. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8083:1989), which has been technically revised. A new bolt and nut class as well as the 20 C temperature class for Charpy V-notch impact strength have be

21、en added. The normative references have been updated and the model test report modified to be more complete from the point of test laboratory accreditation. In addition, the text has been editorially rearranged for clarity. SANS 8083:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscr

22、iption and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8083:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved vIntroduction Special forestry machinery needs a falling-object protective structure (FOPS) standard of its own. It is recognized that there are various classes and sizes of forestry machinery that operate in a

23、 variety of environmental conditions as well as variations in log size the machines are capable of handling. Therefore, two alternative levels of acceptance criteria are given. SANS 8083:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .SAN

24、S 8083:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8083:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 1Machinery for forestry Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) Laboratory tests and performance requirements

25、1 Scope This International Standard establishes a consistent, reproducible means of evaluating characteristics of falling-object protective structures (FOPS) under loading, and prescribes performance requirements for a representative specimen under such loading. It is applicable to mobile or self-pr

26、opelled, specially designed forestry machines as defined in ISO 6814. NOTE Research work is being done to develop a test method and criteria for certain polycarbonate materials and constructions where the present requirement levels may not be adequate. 2 Normative references The following referenced

27、 documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 148-1, Metallic materials Charpy pendulum impact test Part 1: Test me

28、thod ISO 898-1:1999, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs ISO 898-2:1992, Mechanical properties of fasteners Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values Coarse thread ISO 3164, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluations of prote

29、ctive structures Specifications for deflection-limiting volume ISO 3411, Earth-moving machinery Human physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope ISO 6814, Machinery for forestry Mobile and self-propelled machinery Terms, definitions and classification ISO 8082, Self-propell

30、ed machinery for forestry Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 falling-object protective structure FOPS system of structural members arranged in such a w

31、ay as to provide operators with reasonable protection from falling objects (e.g. trees, rocks) SANS 8083:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8083:2006(E) 2 ISO 2006 All rights reserved3.2 deflection-limiting volume DLV ort

32、hogonal approximation of large, seated, male operator as defined in ISO 3411 wearing normal clothing and a protective helmet 3.3 roll-over protective structure ROPS system of structural members whose primary purpose is to reduce the possibility of a seat-belted operator being crushed should the mach

33、ine roll over NOTE These structural members include any subframe, bracket, mounting, socket, bolt, pin, suspension or flexible shock absorber used to secure the system to the machine frame, but exclude mounting provisions that are integral with the machine frame. 4 Laboratory tests CAUTION Some of t

34、he tests specified in this International Standard involve the use of processes which could lead to a hazardous situation. 4.1 Apparatus 4.1.1 Standard laboratory drop test object, made of steel, as shown in Figure 1. 4.1.2 Means of raising the standard laboratory drop object to the required height.

35、4.1.3 Means of releasing the standard drop test object so that it drops without restraint. 4.1.4 Hard surface, of such firmness that it is not penetrated by the vehicle or test bed under the loading of the drop test. 4.1.5 Measuring device, to determine whether the FOPS enters the deflection-limitin

36、g volume during the drop test. 4.2 Test conditions 4.2.1 DLV and its location The DLV and its location shall be in accordance with ISO 3164. The DLV should be fixed firmly to the same part of the machine as that to which the operators seat is secured, and should remain there during the entire formal

37、 test period. SANS 8083:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8083:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 3Dimensions in millimetres NOTE Dimensions d and l are optional, depending on the mass of the test object required to ma

38、tch the drop height that will provide the energy specified in 4.3.4. For example, for a drop test object mass of 227 kg: d = 255 to 260 mm; l = 583 to 585 mm. aMay be drilled and tapped for a lifting eye. Figure 1 Standard laboratory drop test object SANS 8083:2008This s tandard may only be used and

39、 printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8083:2006(E) 4 ISO 2006 All rights reserved4.2.2 Measuring accuracy The accuracy of the measuring device (4.1.5) used to measure the deflection of the FOPS and of the energy applied to the FOPS shall be in accordance with Tab

40、le 1. Table 1 Measuring accuracy requirements Measurement Accuracy aDeflection of FOPS 5 % of maximum deflection measured or 1 mm Energy applied to FOPS 5 % of energy applied aThe percentages are nominal ratings of the accuracy of the instrumentation and shall not be taken to indicate that compensat

41、ing overtest is required. 4.2.3 Machine or test bed condition 4.2.3.1 The FOPS to be evaluated shall be attached to the machine structure as it would be in actual machine use. A complete machine is not required; however, the portion to which the FOPS is mounted shall be identical to the actual struc

42、ture, and the vertical stiffness of any test bed used shall be not less than that of an actual machine as described in 4.2.3.2. 4.2.3.2 If the FOPS is mounted on a machine, the following requirements apply: there are no limitations on customary attachments and/or payload; all suspension systems, inc

43、luding pneumatic tyres, shall be set at operating levels; variable suspensions shall be in the maximum stiffness range; all cab elements, such as normally removable windows, panels or non-structural fittings, shall be removed so that they do not contribute to the strength of the FOPS. 4.3 Test proce

44、dure 4.3.1 The test procedure shall consist of the operations given in 4.3.2 to 4.3.6, in the order listed. 4.3.2 Place the standard laboratory drop test object (4.1.1) on the FOPS top (small end down) at the location designated in 4.3.3. 4.3.3 The small end of the object shall be entirely within th

45、e vertical projection of the DLV, on the FOPS top. The centre of the object shall be at a point which depends on whether major, upper, horizontal members of the FOPS do or do not enter the vertical projection of the DLV on the upper part of the FOPS, as follows. a) Case 1: When major, upper, horizon

46、tal members of FOPS do not enter the vertical projection of the DLV on the upper part of the FOPS. The centre of the drop test object shall be at that point which has the greatest possible sum of perpendicular distances (x + y in Figure 2) from the major, upper, horizontal structural members. b) Cas

47、e 2: When major, upper, horizontal members of FOPS do enter the vertical projection of the DLV on the upper part of the FOPS. 1) Where the covering material of all the surface areas above the operator is the same but of unknown thickness, the centre of the drop test object shall be in the surface of

48、 greatest area. This area is the SANS 8083:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8083:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 5projected area of the DLV without major, upper, horizontal members. The centre of the drop test obje

49、ct shall be at that point, within the surface of greatest area, which has the greatest possible sum of perpendicular distances (x + y in Figure 2) from the major, upper, horizontal structural members. 2) Where different materials are used in different areas above the operator, each area in turn shall be subjected to a drop test. 4.3.4 Raise the drop test object vertically to a height above the position indicated in 4.3.2 and 4.3.3 to develop an energy of 5 800 J or 11 600 J based