SMPTE ST 316M-2006 Television Digital Recording - 12 65-mm Type D-9 Component Format - Video Compression - 525 60 and 625 50.pdf

1、 Table of contents 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Acronyms 4 Environment and test conditions 5 Video tape 6 Helical recording Physical characteristics 7 Helical recording Electrical characteristics 8 Program track data 9 Longitudinal tracks 10 Audio processing 11 Video processing 12 Subcode proces

2、sing 13 Interface Annex A Bibliography 1 Scope This standard specifies the content, format, and recording method of the data blocks containing video, audio, and associated data that form the helical records on 12.65-mm tape in cassettes. In addition, it specifies the content, format, and recording m

3、ethod of the longitudinal record containing tracking information for the scanning head associated with the helical records, cue audio, and control tracks. One video channel and four independent audio channels are recorded in the digital format. Each of these channels is capable of independent editin

4、g. The video channel records and reproduces a component television signal in the 525-line system with a frame frequency of 29.97 Hz (hereafter referred to as the 525/60 system) and the 625-line system with a frame frequency of 25 Hz (hereafter referred to as the 625/50 system). Intraframe bit-rate r

5、eduction is applied to video data prior to recording. 2 Normative references The following standards, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the poss

6、ibility of applying the most recent edition of the standards indicated below. SMPTE 12M-1999, Television, Audio and Film Time and Control Code ITU-R BT.470-7 (02/05), Conventional Analogue Television Systems Page 1 of 96 pages SMPTE 316M-2006Revision of SMPTE 316M-1999 Copyright 2006 by THE SOCIETY

7、OF MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS 3 Barker Avenue, White Plains, NY 10601 (914) 761-1100 Approved June 23, 2006 SMPTE STANDARD for Television Digital Recording 12.65-mm Type D-9 Component Format Video Compression 525/60 and 625/50 SMPTE 316M-2006 Page 2 of 96 pages ITU-R BT.471-1 (07/86), N

8、omenclature and Description of Colour Bar Signals ITU-R BT.601-5 (10/95), Studio Encoding Parameters of Digital Television for Standard 4:3 and Wide-Screen 16:9 Aspect Ratios 3 Acronyms AAUX Audio auxiliary data AP1 Audio application ID AP2 Video application ID AP3 Subcode application ID APT Track a

9、pplication ID Arb Arbitrary AS AAUX source pack ASC AAUX source control pack B/W Black-and-white flag CGMS Copy generation management system DBN DIF block number DCT Discrete cosine transform DIF Digital interface DSF DIF sequence flag ECC Error correction code EFC Emphasis channel flag EOB End of b

10、lock IDP ID parity ITI Initial track information LF Locked mode flag OM Overwrite margin QNO Quantization number QU Quantization Res Reserved for future use (default value shall be set to 1) SMP Sampling frequency SSA Start sync area SSYB Subcode sync block number STA Status of the compressed macro

11、block Syb (SYB) Sync block number TF Transmitting flag TIA Track information area Trp Track pair number VAUX Video auxiliary data VLC Variable length coding VS VAUX source pack VSC VAUX source control pack VSM Vibrating sample magnetometer 4 Environment and test conditions 4.1 Environment Tests and

12、measurements made on the system to check the requirements of this standard shall be carried out under the following conditions: Temperature: 20C 1C Relative humidity: (50 2) % Barometric pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa SMPTE 316M-2006 Page 3 of 96 pages Tape conditioning: Not less than 24 h Tape tension

13、: 0.3 N to 0.45 N (measured at the entrance of the drum) 4.2 Reference tape Blank tape for reference recordings shall be available from any source meeting the tape characteristics as defined by this standard. 4.3 Calibration tape The calibration tapes meeting the requirements of 4.3.1 and clause 5 s

14、hould be available from manufacturers who produce digital tape recorders and players in accordance with this standard. 4.3.1 Record locations and dimensions Tolerances shown in table 1 will be reduced by 50%. 4.3.2 Calibration signals Video, audio, and cue channels shall be recorded on the calibrati

15、on tape: Video: 100/0/100/0 color bars Audio and cue: 1 kHz tone at 20 dB below full scale 5 Video tape Window and label areas shall be as specified in figures 2 and 3 . 5.1 Base The base material shall be polyester or its equivalent. 5.2 Width The tape width shall be 12.650 mm 0.010 mm. 5.3 Width f

16、luctuation Width fluctuation of the video tape shall be less than 6 m. 5.4 Reference edge straightness Maximum deviation of the reference edge straightness shall be 6 m peak to peak. Edge straightness fluctuation is measured at the edge of a moving tape positioned by three guides all having contact

17、on the same edge of the tape. The distance between guides is 85 mm from the first to second guide, and 85 mm from the second to third guide. Edge measurements are averaged over a 10-mm length of tape. Measurements are made at a point 5 mm in the direction toward the first guide from the midpoint bet

18、ween the first and second guides. 5.5 Tape thickness The tape thickness shall be 14.4 m 0.5 m or 12.4 m 0.4 m. 5.6 Transmissivity Transmissivity shall be less than 1.2%, measured over the range of wavelengths 800 nm to 1000 nm. SMPTE 316M-2006 Page 4 of 96 pages 5.7 Yield strength The yield strength

19、 shall be 18 N or more by the following test method: Fix one end of a sample tape with a length of 200 mm and pull the other end at a speed of 100 mm per minute. The yield strength is the force at which 5% elongation is observed. 5.8 Magnetic coating The magnetic layer of the tape shall consist of a

20、 coating of metal particles or equivalent, and the coercivity shall be class 1800 (approximately 1800 Oe / 143,000 A/m) with an applied field of 800,000 A/m (10,000 Oe) as measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 6 Helical recording Physical characteristics 6.1 Tape speed The tape speed sh

21、all be 57.737 mm/s for the 525/60 system and 57.795 mm/s for the 625/50 system. The tolerance is 0.5%. 6.2 Sectors Each recorded track contains ITI sectors, audio sectors, video sectors, and subcode sectors. 6.3 Record location and dimensions 6.3.1 Location and dimensions of recorded tracks Record l

22、ocation and dimensions for continuous recording shall be as specified in figure 1 and table 1. In recording, sector locations on each helical track shall be contained within the tolerance specified in figure 2 and tables 2 and 3. Sector locations are derived from clause 7, figure 5, and the total le

23、ngth of the helical track (L). The reference edge of the tape and dimensions specified in this standard shall be the lower edge as shown in figure 1. The magnetic coating, with the direction of tape travel as shown in figure 1, is on the side facing the observer. 6.3.2 Erasure Full erasure is necess

24、ary prior to recording. In addition, flying erasure is also required in insert editing. 6.3.3 Track pitch As indicated in figure 1, the pitch between helical track pairs shall be 40 m, with a guard band of a nominal 6 m between track pairs. Track pairs consist of two nominally equal width tracks. 6.

25、4 Helical track record tolerance zones The lower edges of the upper heads of any two consecutive track pairs shall be contained within the pattern of the two tolerance zones defined in figure 2. Each zone is defined by two parallel lines which are inclined at an angle of 5.95892 with respect to the

26、tape reference edge. The centerlines of all zones shall be spaced in accordance with figure 2. These zones are established to contain track angle errors and track straightness errors, and maintain vertical head offset tolerance. SMPTE 316M-2006 Page 5 of 96 pages 6.5 Relative positions of recorded i

27、nformation 6.5.1 Relative positions of longitudinal tracks Audio, video, control track, and cue track with information intended to be time coincident shall be positioned as shown in figures 1 and 3. Specifications in figures 1 and 2 are defined in tables 1 and 2. 6.5.2 Program area reference point T

28、he program area reference point is determined by the intersection of a line parallel to the reference edge of the tape at distance Y from the reference edge and the lower leading edge of the odd track (see figure 1). The relationship between the reference point and the program track data is specifie

29、d in clause 7. D E GF Tape travelCue track 2(option) Cue track 1(option)WReference edgeA BControl trac kH C I P1Y 1 Control head 0 Head motion L T0T1T2T3Tn-1Control pulse reference edge P2NOTE Numbers of tracks in a frame = 10 for 525/60 system, 12 for 625/50 system Figure 1 Location and dimensions

30、of recorded tracks SMPTE 316M-2006 Page 6 of 96 pages Table 1 Record location and dimensions Dimensions Nominal Tolerance 525/60 625/50 A Control track lower edge mm 0 Basic B Control track upper edge mm 0.750 0.050 C Program area lower edge mm 1.710 Derived D Cue track 1 lower edge mm 11.650 0.050

31、E Cue track 1 upper edge mm 12.000 0.050 F Cue track 2 lower edge mm 12.300 0.050 G Cue track 2 upper edge mm 12.650 See note H Program area width mm 9.244 9.253 Derived I Helical track pair pitch mm 0.040 Reference L Helical track total length mm 89.039 89.128 Derived P1 Position of control track r

32、ecord mm 166.797 166.132 0.050 P2 Position of cue audio track record mm 167.350 168.150 0.050 Y Program area reference mm 1.780 0.010 W Tape width mm 12.650 0.010 V Tape speed mm/s 57.737 57.795 0.5% Track angle 5.95892 Basic 0Azimuth angle ( Even track ) 14.976 0.150 1Azimuth angle ( Odd track ) 15

33、.024 0.150 Note Cue track 2 upper edge = to upper edge of tape. ITI 0 ITI 2ITI 1M2M2 M1M4M4M3M1M1SSA Audio 1Audio 0Video 0G7G6G5G4G3G2EmX7X6X5X4X3Lr (Effective area)EmX2HxX1X0G1Video 1SubcodeDirection of head motionProgram area reference pointFigure 2 Sector location from program area reference poin

34、t SMPTE 316M-2006 Page 7 of 96 pages Table 2 Sector location from program area reference point (525/60 system) Dimensions in millimeters Dimensions Nominal Tolerance Em Length of overwrite margin 0.264 Hx Length of ITI pre-amble 1.057 0.005 X0 Beginning of SSA 0 X1 Beginning of video 0 sync block 2.

35、247 0.061 X2 Beginning of SSA of ITI 1 37.325 0.237 X3 Beginning of subcode sync block 39.571 0.248 X4 Beginning of audio 0 sync block 41.891 0.259 X5 Beginning of audio 1 sync block 47.089 0.285 X6 Beginning of video 1 sync block 52.316 0.312 X7 Beginning of SSA of ITI 2 87.453 0.487 M1 Length of I

36、TI sector 1.057 0.005 M2 Length of video sector 33.683 0.168 M3 Length of subcode sector 1.087 0.005 M4 Length of audio sector 3.950 0.020 Table 3 Sector location from program area reference point (625/50 system) Dimensions in millimeters Dimensions Nominal Tolerance Em Length of overwrite margin 0.

37、265 Hx Length of ITI pre-amble 1.058 0.005 X0 Beginning of SSA 0 X1 Beginning of video 0 sync block 2.249 0.061 X2 Beginning of SSA of ITI 1 37.362 0.237 X3 Beginning of subcode sync block 39.611 0.248 X4 Beginning of audio 0 sync block 41.933 0.260 X5 Beginning of audio 1 sync block 47.136 0.286 X6

38、 Beginning of video 1 sync block 52.369 0.312 X7 Beginning of SSA of ITI 2 87.541 0.488 M1 Length of ITI sector 1.058 0.005 M2 Length of video sector 33.717 0.169 M3 Length of subcode sector 1.088 0.005 M4 Length of audio sector 3.954 0.020 SMPTE 316M-2006 Page 8 of 96 pages 0.0400.005 0.0030.003Zon

39、e A Zone BHeadMotionTape Travel5.95892Track Pair PitchFigure 3 Location and dimensions of tolerance zone of helical track record 6.6 Gap azimuth 6.6.1 Cue and control track The azimuth angle of the cue and control track head gaps used to produce longitudinal track recordings shall be perpendicular t

40、o the track recording direction. 6.6.2 Helical track The azimuth of the head gap used for the helical track shall be inclined at angles 0and 1as specified in table 1, with respect to a line perpendicular to the helical track. The azimuth of the even track of every frame shall be oriented in the cloc

41、kwise direction with respect to a line perpendicular to the helical track direction when viewed from the face of the tape with a magnetic coating. 6.7 Transport and scanner The effective drum diameter, tape tension, helix angle, and tape speed taken together determine the track angle. Different meth

42、ods of design and/or variations in drum diameter and tape tension can produce equivalent recordings for interchange purposes. A possible configuration of the transport uses a scanner with an effective diameter of 62.00 mm. Scanner rotation is in the same direction as tape motion during normal playba

43、ck mode. Data are recorded by two groups of heads mounted 180 apart. Figure 4 shows a possible mechanical configuration of the scanner. Table 4 shows the corresponding mechanical parameters. Other mechanical configurations are allowable provided the same footprint of recorded information is produced

44、 on the tape. SMPTE 316M-2006 Page 9 of 96 pages Control Track Head E1 H1 H2 H4 H3 E2 Drum RotationTape Travel 46 2.6 21 Total Wrap Angle190Effective Wrap Angle165Figure 4a Overhead view Drum diameter 62mm (nominal) H2 H4 Bottom of H1 H3 Bottom of Head TrackE1, E2 Top of Head Track 0.017mm Upper Dru

45、m Middle Drum Low er Drum 0.0710mm H1- H4: Recording Head tips E1- E2: Flying Erase Head tips Drum rotation Figure 4b Side view SMPTE 316M-2006 Page 10 of 96 pages YProgramReference PointControl Track HeadTape TravelP1Figure 4c Side view with control track head Figure 4 Possible scanner configuratio

46、n (525/60 and 625/50 system) Table 4 Possible scanner design parameters (525/60 and 625/50 system) Dimensions 525/60 system 625/50 system D Scanner diameter 62.0 mm 62.0 mm s Scanner lead angle 5.93539 5.93539 Rs Scanner rotation speed (75 / 1.001) s175 s1Nt Tracks / scanner rotation 4 4 e Effective

47、 wrap angle 165.22 165.22 Tw Recording head track width 17.0 m 17.0 m NOTE The scanner rotation speed and the tape speed should be changed in proportion to the average frame frequency of the input video signal. 7 Helical recording Electrical characteristics 7.1 Track contents 7.1.1 Track contents an

48、d duration Each television frame is recorded on 10 tracks for the 525/60 system or 12 tracks for the 625/50 system. The helical tracks contain digital data of the ITI sectors, video sector, audio sector, and subcode sector. The end of the preamble and beginning of SSA in the ITI 0 sector shall be re

49、corded at the program area reference point. The ITI sectors contain the start sync and track information. The subcode sector contains the subcode data. Edit gaps between all sectors accommodate timing errors during editing. Figure 5 shows the arrangement of the ITI sectors, the video and audio sectors, and the subcode sector on the tape. SMPTE 316M-2006