SMPTE ST 55-2010 Motion-Picture Film 35- and 16-mm Television Release Prints Leaders and Cue Marks《电影胶片 35 mm和16 mm电视发行拷贝 片头和信号标记》.pdf

1、 Copyright 2011 by THE SOCIETY OF MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS 3 Barker Avenue, White Plains, NY 10601 (914) 761-1100 Approved September 23, 2010 Table of Contents Page Foreword . 2 Intellectual Property 2 1 Scope . 3 2 Conformance Notation . 3 3 Normative References . 3 4 Reduction Ratio

2、 3 5 Orientation of Words and Numerals . 4 6 Head Leader 4 7 Picture Section . 8 8 Trailer (Foot Leader) 9 Annex A Additional Data (Informative) . 11 Annex B Bibliography (Informative) . 12 Page 1 of 12 pages SMPTE ST 55:2011 Revision of SMPTE 55-2000 SMPTE STANDARD for Motion-Picture Film 35- and 1

3、6-mm Television Release Prints Leaders and Cue Marks SMPTE ST 55:2011 Page 2 of 12 pages Foreword SMPTE (the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is an internationally-recognized standards developing organization. Headquartered and incorporated in the United States of America, SMPTE h

4、as members in over 80 countries on six continents. SMPTEs Engineering Documents, including Standards, Recommended Practices and Engineering Guidelines, are prepared by SMPTEs Technology Committees. Participation in these Committees is open to all with a bona fide interest in their work. SMPTE cooper

5、ates closely with other standards-developing organizations, including ISO, IEC and ITU. SMPTE Engineering Documents are drafted in accordance with the rules given in Part XIII of its Administrative Practices. SMPTE ST 55 was prepared by Technology Committee 20F. Intellectual Property At the time of

6、publication no notice had been received by SMPTE claiming patent rights essential to the implementation of this Standard. However, attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. SMPTE shall not be held responsible for identifying

7、 any or all such patent rights. SMPTE ST 55:2011 Page 3 of 12 pages 1 Scope This standard specifies the make-up or assembly of leaders and cue marks for 35- and 16-mm analog audio motion-picture release prints for use in television studios. 2 Conformance Notation Normative text is text that describe

8、s elements of the design that are indispensable or contains the conformance language keywords: “shall“, “should“, or “may“. Informative text is text that is potentially helpful to the user, but not indispensable, and can be removed, changed, or added editorially without affecting interoperability. I

9、nformative text does not contain any conformance keywords. All text in this document is, by default, normative, except: the Introduction, any section explicitly labeled as “Informative“ or individual paragraphs that start with “Note:” The keywords “shall“ and “shall not“ indicate requirements strict

10、ly to be followed in order to conform to the document and from which no deviation is permitted. The keywords, “should“ and “should not“ indicate that, among several possibilities, one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others; or that a certain course of action

11、is preferred but not necessarily required; or that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated but not prohibited. The keywords “may“ and “need not“ indicate courses of action permissible within the limits of the document. The keyword “reserved” indicates a provisi

12、on that is not defined at this time, shall not be used, and may be defined in the future. The keyword “forbidden” indicates “reserved” and in addition indicates that the provision will never be defined in the future. A conformant implementation according to this document is one that includes all man

13、datory provisions (“shall“) and, if implemented, all recommended provisions (“should“) as described. A conformant implementation need not implement optional provisions (“may“) and need not implement them as described. Unless otherwise specified, the order of precedence of the types of normative info

14、rmation in this document shall be as follows: Normative prose shall be the authoritative definition; Tables shall be next; followed by formal languages; then figures; and then any other language forms. 3 Normative References The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this

15、 text, constitute provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standards ind

16、icated below. SMPTE RP 65:2000, Motion-Picture Enlargement/Reduction Rations 4 Reduction Ratio The reduction ratio in the production of the head and foot leaders from 35-mm motion-picture film shall be in accordance with SMPTE RP 65. SMPTE ST 55:2011 Page 4 of 12 pages 5 Orientation of Words and Num

17、erals 5.1 Orientation and dimensions of letters and numerals in this standard are with respect to 35-mm motion-picture film and are modified proportionally for 16-mm prints in accordance with Section 4. 5.2 The third, fourth, and fifth frames of the identification sections containing the title of th

18、e film and reel number shall be printed in clear letters on a black background so that they can be read normally when the reel is uppermost and the leading end or head of the film hangs down ready for threading. 5.3 The words “type of sound,” “aspect ratio,” “picture title,” “company,” “ series,” “

19、reel No.,” and “prod. No.” shall be printed lengthwise with the film in clear letters on a black background. 5.4 In sections where information is to be printed lengthwise with the film, clear framelines shall be included and all such printing placed within the outlined areas so that it can be read o

20、n 16-mm reduction prints. 5.5 In the trailer (foot leader), the title of the film and the reel number shall be printed so that they appear inverted when the remainder of the reel is uppermost and the film hangs downward. 6 Head Leader (See Figure 1) 6.1 Protective Section The protective section of t

21、he 35-mm leader shall contain frameline marks and consist of 8 ft (2.44 m) of transparent or raw stock; for 16-mm leader, 3.25 ft (0.99 m). When the protective leader has been reduced to a length of 6 ft (1.83 m) for 35-mm film or 2.5 ft (0.76 m) for 16-mm film, it shall be restored to its original

22、length. The last frame of this section shall contain the words “splice here” and an arrow pointing to the frameline between this frame and frame 1 of the identification section. The letters should be at least 0.125 in (3.18 mm) high. SMPTE ST 55:2011 Page 5 of 12 pages Note: Figure shows 35-mm film

23、with analog audio track on right edge as seen from the light source in the projector. The analog audio track is on the left edge of 16-mm film. Figure 1 Leaders and cue marks SMPTE ST 55:2011 Page 6 of 12 pages 6.2 Identification Section The identification section of the leader shall be 42 frames in

24、 length. The frames may be of the 4 3 format or of a reduced height. 6.2.1 Since many types of film may be used for leaders, exact neutral densities have not been specified. For the purpose of this standard, the following approximate neutral densities are referred to: Clear (low neutral density of 0

25、.35); Black (high neutral density of 1.95). 6.2.2 The identification section, when viewed as specified in Section 5.2, shall be made up as follows: Frames 1-2 Black. Frame 3 The printed word “subject” with letters 1/16 in (1.6 mm) high at top of frame in upright position, clear on black background (

26、4 3 format). Frame 4 The printed word “length” at top left side of frame and the printed word “roll” at center of frame on left side. Lettering shall be comparable to that in frame 3 (4 3 format). Frame 5 The printed words “reel No.” at top left side of frame and printed word “color” at center of fr

27、ame on left side. Lettering, read upright, shall be comparable to that in frame 3. At bottom of frame printed word “picture” 1/8 in (3.2 mm) high. Frames 6-10 Five frames of black with clear framelines on which the words “aspect ratio” and “type of sound” are plainly printed lengthwise with the film

28、 in 1/8 in (3.2 mm) high clear letters. Each group of words shall start in the 10th frame and in two separate lengthwise lines reading through base of film from left to right with head end of film at right. Frame 10 Four letter Os vertically in line and opposite the analog audio track area approxima

29、tely 5/16 in (7.9 mm) from the 35-mm camera aperture centerline opposite the analog audio area. Letters shall be 1/8 in (3.2 mm) high and 1/8 in wide, clear on black background (4 x 3 format). Frame 11 The printed word “head” nominally 3/8 in (9.5 mm) high in inverted black letters on clear backgrou

30、nd. Frame 12 A 1/8-in (3.2-mm) diameter black dot in center of 4 3 format on clear background with black framelines. Frame 13 The printed word “picture” nominally 3/8 in (9.5 mm) high in inverted black letters on clear background. Frames 14-15 Two frames in which the words “SMPTE Television Leader”

31、are printed. Letters shall not be less than 1/8 in (3.2 mm) high. Inverted clear letters on a black background (4 3 format). Frame 16 Four letter Xs vertically in line adjacent to analog audio track area approximately 5/16 in (7.9 mm) from the 35-mm camera aperture centerline toward analog audio are

32、a. Letters shall be 1/8 in (3.2 mm) high and 1/8 in wide, clear on black background (4 3 format). Frames 17-18 Same as frames 14-15. Frames 19-26 Eight frames of black with clear framelines. The words “reel No.” and “prod. No.” shall be printed lengthwise with the film in 1/8 in (3.2 mm) high clear

33、letters in frame 20. In frame 26, on three lines lengthwise, reading left to right through film base with head of leader to right, the words “picture,” “company,” and “series” shall be printed using the same format as that in frame 20. SMPTE ST 55:2011 Page 7 of 12 pages Frames 27-42 Sixteen frames

34、in which part titles are inserted. In each frame 1) the reel number (Arabic numeral not less than 1/4 of frame height) and 2) the picture title shall be printed in black letters on a clear background. If part titles are not available, these frames should be black with clear framelines. 6.3 Synchroni

35、zing Section The synchronizing section of the leader shall be 218 frames in length. 6.3.1 The two large concentric circles used throughout the visual count-down shall be clear on a black background. Seconds count-down numerals shall be clear on a black background and shall project right side up. The

36、 broad clock arm shall be clear. 6.3.2 The synchronizing section, when viewed as specified in 4.2, shall be made up as follows (see 5.3.3): Frame 1 The 16-mm sound-start indication, printed in clear letters on a black background as shown in Figure 2. Frames 2-6 Five frames of black. Frame 7 The 35-m

37、m sound-start indication, printed in clear letters on a black background as shown in Figure 3. Frames 8-26 Nineteen frames of black. Frame 27 The words “picture start,” printed in black on a clear background. The letters in the word “picture” shall be not less than 1/8 in (3.2 mm) high and those in

38、“start” not less than 1/4 in (6.4 mm) high. Visual count-down begins with this frame. Frames 28-50 Continuation of visual count-down, beginning with a clear figure “8“ on a black background and a clear clock arm extending clockwise at 15 vertically from the center to the top of the frame (see Figure

39、 4). In each succeeding frame, the clock arm shall continue to rotate clockwise from the center of the frame in 15 increments. Frame 51 Change of the numeral to a clear “7“ on a black background. The clear clock arm shall again be vertical from the center of the frame. Frame 55 “M” and “35“ vertical

40、ly on each side of the ”7“ in letters 1/8 in (3.2 mm) high, clear on a black background, to indicate 35-mm magnetic sound start (see Figure 5). Frames 56-117 Continuation of the sequence of numerals marking the seconds of film running time at 24 frames/s. Frames 117-122 The moving clock arm and nume

41、ral, with the addition of the Gothic letters “C” and “F” on the left- and right-hand side of the circle, respectively, to indicate the position in the leader where one to six frames may be removed and a similar number of control frames spliced in. Frames 123-170 Continuation of the sequence of numer

42、als and moving clock arm marking the seconds of film running time. Frame 171 The numeral “2“ in black on a clear background, ending the visual count-down. Frames 172-210 Thirty-nine frames of black density. Frame 211 A single clear dot, located as specified in Section 7.2. Frames 212-218 Seven frame

43、s of black density. SMPTE ST 55:2011 Page 8 of 12 pages Figure 2 16-mm sound start Figure 3 35-mm sound start identification frame identification frame Figure 4 Example of visual count-down Figure 5 35-mm magnetic sound start 6.3.3 Except for frames 172 to 218, all frames shall be separated by a cle

44、ar 0.050-in (1.27-mm) nominal frameline). 6.3.4 One additional frame shall follow with the words “splice here” and an arrow pointing to a clear frameline between frame 218 and this frame. The letters should be at least 1/8 in (3.2 mm) high. 7 Picture Section (See Figure 1) 7.1 Picture It is recommen

45、ded that picture action start and finish on fades wherever possible. Otherwise, significant audio should be kept at least 5 ft (1.52 m) for 35-mm prints and 2 ft (0.61 m) for 16-mm prints from the start and finish of the picture. 7.2 Motor cue The motor cue shall consist of a black circular dot with

46、 a clear outline or a clear circular dot with a black outline, printed from a 35-mm negative which has had four consecutive frames punched with a die 0.094 in (2.39 mm) in diameter. The position of this cue mark shall be as shown in Figure 6. SMPTE ST 55:2011 Page 9 of 12 pages Following the four fr

47、ames containing the motor cue, there shall be 168 frames, or seven seconds running time, to the beginning of the changeover cue. Note: Image as seen on the screen. Figure 6 Position of cue marks for release prints 7.3 Changeover cue The changeover cue shall consist of four frames containing circular

48、 dots of the same dimensions and position on the frame as those in the motor cue. Following the four frames of the changeover cue, there shall be 24 frames, or one second running time, to the beginning of the runout section of the trailer. 8 Trailer (Foot Leader) (See Figure 1) 8.1 Additional Frame

49、One additional frame shall follow with the words “splice here” and an arrow pointing to a clear frameline between the picture section and the trailer. The letters should be at least 1/8 in (3.2 mm) high. 8.2 Runout Section The runout section of the trailer shall consist of 88 frames, 87 of which are to be black. Frame 88 shall have the printed word “finish” nominally 3/8 in (9.5 mm) high in upright black letters on clear background. 8.3 Identification Sec