1、SSPC-TR 5/ICRI Technical Guideline 03741/NACE 02203 November, 2003 SSPC-TR 5 ICRI Technical Guideline 03741 NACE Publication 02203 Joint Technical Committee Report Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Protective Polymer Flooring Systems for Concrete This SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings
2、 (SSPC)/International Concrete Repair Institute (ICRI)/NACE International (NACE) report represents a consensus of those individual members who have reviewed this document, its scope, and provisions. Its acceptance does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has adopted the report or not, fro
3、m manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not in conformance with this report. Nothing contained in this SSPC/ICRI/NACE report is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, to manufacture, sell, or use in connection with any method,
4、apparatus, or product covered by Letters Patent, or as indemnifying or protecting anyone against liability for infringement of Letters Patent. This report should in no way be interpreted as a restriction on the use of better procedures or materials. Neither is this report intended to apply in all ca
5、ses relating to the subject. Unpredictable circumstances may negate the usefulness of this report in specific instances. SSPC, ICRI, and NACE assume no responsibility for the interpretation or use of this report by other parties. Users of this SSPC/ICRI/NACE report are responsible for reviewing appr
6、opriate health, safety, environmental, and regulatory documents and for determining their applicability in relation to this report prior to its use. This SSPC/ICRI/NACE report may not necessarily address all potential health and safety problems or environmental hazards associated with the use of mat
7、erials, equipment, and/or operations detailed or referred to within this report. Users of this SSPC/ICRI/NACE report are also responsible for establishing appropriate health, safety, and environmental protection practices, in consultation with appropriate regulatory authorities if necessary, to achi
8、eve compliance with any existing applicable regulatory requirements prior to the use of this report. CAUTIONARY NOTICE: The user is cautioned to obtain the latest edition of this report. SSPC/ICRI/NACE reports are subject to periodic review, and may be revised or withdrawn at any time without prior
9、notice. SSPC, ICRI, and NACE require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this report no later than ten years from the date of initial publication. Approved November 2003 2003, SSPC, ICRI, and NACE International NOTICE TO THE READER: The SSPC, ICRI, and NACE releases of this publica
10、tion contain identical wording in the same sequence. Publication format may differ. SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings 40 24th Street, 6th Floor Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656 +1 (412) 281-2331 International Concrete Repair Institute (ICRI) 3166 S. River Road, Suite 132 Des Plaines, IL 60018 +1 (8
11、47) 827-0830 NACE International 1440 South Creek Drive Houston, TX 77084-4906 +1 (281) 228-6200 1 SSPC-TR 5/ICRI Technical Guideline 03741/NACE 02203 November, 2003Foreword Concrete is subject to deterioration by a variety of mech-anisms. Properly selected and applied flooring systems can protect fr
12、om deterioration caused by impact, abrasion, and chemical attack, as well as provide the features and benefits described in Section 1 of this report. This tech-nical committee report provides information on the design, installation, and maintenance of protective polymer floor-ing systems that are ap
13、plied and directly bonded to con-crete.Numerous standards, conference papers, books, and technical reports on many aspects of polymer flooring for concrete have been published by SSPC, ICRI, NACE, and other organizations. This report focuses on those aspects of design, materials, and installation pr
14、ocedures that can help the user attain long-term service from a variety of polymer flooring systems for a wide range of applications. This report is intended for use by manufacturers, speci-fiers, applicators, and facility owners who specify pro-tective polymer flooring systems for concrete. This re
15、port was prepared by the SSPC/ICRI/NACE Joint Task Group N (NACE TG 005) on Coatings for Concrete Floors. This task group was comprised of members from all three organizations. At SSPC the Task Group was administered by the C.1 Unit Committee on Coatings and sponsored by Committee C.1.6 on Coatings
16、for Concrete. At ICRI the Subcommittee on Polymer Floors was administered by the Technical Activities Committee and sponsored by the Committee on Coatings and Waterproofing. At NACE, the Task Group was administered by Specific Technology Group (STG) 02 on Protective Coatings and LiningsAtmospheric.
17、It was also sponsored by STG 03 on Protective Coatings and LiningsF Immersion/Buried, and STG 04 on Protective Coatings and LiningsF Surface Preparation. Technical committee reports are intended to convey technical information or state-of-the-art knowledge regarding corrosion.In many cases, they dis
18、cuss specific applications of corrosion mitigation technology, whether considered successful or not. Statements used to convey this information are factual and are provided to the reader as input and guidance for consideration when applying this technology in the future. However, these statements ar
19、e not intended to be recommendations for general application of this technology, and must not be construed as such.Section 1: Features and Benefits The following are some of the features and benefits pro-vided by the application of a protective polymer flooring sys-tem to a concrete slab:1. Chemical
20、 protection of the substrate Concrete is subject to deterioration by a variety of chem-icals. Properly selected polymer flooring systems can pro-vide protection from this deterioration. 2. Permeation resistance The sealing of a concrete floor can often prevent permea-tion of water or other liquid co
21、ntamination. This is espe-cially true in areas where severe environmental or service conditions exist. 3. Enhancement and retention of appearance The installation of a polymer flooring system can reduce deterioration caused by weathering and traffic, as well as make the concrete slab more aesthetica
22、lly pleasing. 4. Dust control Polymer flooring systems on concrete surfaces can help control dust from the concrete itself and enhance the removal of accumulated airborne particles. 5. Improvement of light reflectivity Reflective polymer flooring systems can be used to reduce lighting costs and to e
23、nhance worker productivity. 6. Creation of electrical continuity Conductive and static-dissipative polymer flooring sys-tems have been used to provide electrical continuity in applications where a direct ground or indirect reference ground are required to protect personnel or sensitive mat-erials an
24、d equipment from static electricity, or stray cur-rents. Some conductive flooring systems are also spark-proof for safety where flammable materials are stored or handled.7. Surface texture The application of a polymer flooring system can provide a textured finish that influences the coefficient of f
25、riction.8. Identification and delineation of information Polymer flooring systems can be colored to identify traffic aisles, safety zones, and other areas. 9. Facilitation of contamination clean-up Polymer flooring systems can be designed and installed to provide for temporary containment of chemica
26、l splash and spills and to enhance the ease in which the contaminants are cleaned from the surface.2 SSPC-TR 5/ICRI Technical Guideline 03741/NACE 02203 November, 200310. Adherence to regulations Polymer floors are sometimes required to meet various reg-ulations (see Section 3). Section 2: Definitio
27、ns Accelerator1: A substance which, when added to hydraulic-cement-based products such as concrete, mortar, or grout, increases the rate of hydration of the hydraulic cement, shortens the time of setting, or increases the rate of hard-ening and/or strength development.Accelerator2: Any substance, us
28、ed in small proportions, that increases the speed of a chemical reaction. In the coatings industry, this term is usually defined as a material that hastens the curing or cross-linking of a resin system. In the polyester resin field, it is defined more specifically as an additive that accelerates the
29、 action of the catalyst. Adhesion2: A state in which two surfaces are held together by interfacial forces including valence forces, interlocking action, or both.Adhesive Failure: The failure of one or both adherent sur-faces under stress to continue to be held together. Aggregate: Granular material
30、such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, crushed hydraulic-cement concrete, or iron blast-furnace slag which is used with a hydraulic cementing medium or polymer binder to produce either portland cem-ent concrete and mortar, or polymer concrete and mortar.Aggressive Service: Severe physical stress or ch
31、emical exposure.Air Inhibition: The prevention of complete polymerization (curing) of a reactive polymer caused by the presence of air (oxygen).Amine Blush: A thin film of carbamnated amine at the sur-face of a cured epoxy system as the result of the reaction of an amine molecule with molecules of c
32、arbon dioxide and water, that results in a greasy-feeling film. Bond-Breaker Tape: Used to prevent adhesion between the substrate and the flooring system to allow some move-ment at the joint or crack without causing immediate failure of the flooring system. Chemical Attack: Degradation or discolorat
33、ion caused by the action of a chemical. Chemical Resistance: The ability of a polymer flooring sys-tem to resist degradation and attack by a specific concen-tration of a chemical at a specific temperature within a given time period. Coefficient of Friction3: The ratio of the horizontal com-ponent of
34、 force required to overcome friction to the vertical component of the object weight or normal force applied through the object causing the friction.4Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion (CLTE): The change in length per unit length resulting from a one-degree rise in temperature. Cohesion: Molecul
35、ar attraction by which the particles of a body are united throughout the mass. Cohesive Failure: The failure of the molecular attraction of a polymer under stress to remain united throughout the mass.Concentration: Amount of a substance expressed in rela-tionship to the whole.2Concrete: A composite
36、material that consists of a binding medium, within which is embedded particles or fragments of aggregate. The binding medium used to make portland cement concrete is a mixture of portland cement and water. Construction Joint: A joint placed in a concrete slab at the end of an individual placement. T
37、hese joints can be planned and correspond with the overall slab joint layout, or the result of an unplanned stoppage of the placement in progress.Contaminant, Contamination: Any extraneous material on or in the concrete surface that can negatively affect the per-formance of a polymer flooring system
38、 on concrete. Contraction Joint: A formed, sawed, or tooled joint in a concrete floor slab that creates a weakened plane. This regulates the location of cracking resulting from dimensional changes of the concrete slab.Control Joint: See Contraction Joint.Crack: See Dynamic Crack, Static Crack.Cross-
39、Linking: When applied to polymer molecules, refers to the creation of chemical links between molecular chains to form a three-dimensional or network polymer, generally by covalent bonding. Extensive cross-linking, found in most thermosetting resins, makes all of the linked chains into one larger mol
40、ecule. Cross-linking generally toughens and stif-fens polymer floorings. Thermosetting materials cross-link under the influence of heat and catalysis. Cross-linking might also be induced by the use of catalysts, ultraviolet light, and/or electron curing.23 SSPC-TR 5/ICRI Technical Guideline 03741/NA
41、CE 02203 November, 2003Concrete Curing Compound: A liquid that can be applied to the surface of newly placed concrete to slow the loss of moisture from the concrete. White pigmented curing com-pounds can reflect heat, providing an opportunity for the concrete to develop its physical properties at a
42、more favor-able temperature. Disbondment: Loss of adhesion between a polymer floor-ing system and a substrate. Dynamic Coefficient of Friction: The ratio of the horizontal component of force required to cause a body to slide at a relatively constant velocity to the vertical component of the weight o
43、f the object or force applied to it.3Dynamic Crack: A crack in a concrete surface which exhib-its changes in width as the concrete moves. Efflorescence1,4: A deposit of white crystals or powder on the concrete surface created by the reaction of hydrated lime with carbon dioxide and acidic pollutants
44、.5Free cal-cium hydroxide in concrete is soluble. As excess water is absorbed into the concrete, the calcium hydroxide goes into solution. As water is dried out of the concrete because of changes in the temperature and humidity of the environ-ment, calcium oxide (lime) is deposited on the exterior s
45、ur-face as the solute dehydrates. Elastomer: A natural or synthetic polymer that has the cap-ability of recovering its original size and shape after deform-ation. After removal of a tensile load, an elastomer returns to approximately its original length.2Expansion Joint: See Isolation Joint.Finish:
46、The texture or appearance of a surface, after finish-ing operations have been performed. Finishing: Leveling, smoothing, compacting, and otherwise treating surfaces of a fresh or recently placed concrete, mortar, or polymer flooring system to produce the desired appearance and texture. Friction: The
47、 resistance developed between the physical contacting surfaces of two bodies when there is movement or tendency for movement of one body relative to another parallel to the plane of contact.5Glass-Transition Temperature: The temperature at which the noncrystalline portion of a polymer is transformed
48、 from a brittle, glass-like material to a tough, rubbery material.2Grout, Grouting: A plastic mixture of cementitious or poly-mer materials used as a filler for cracks or other voids in a concrete or polymer surface that is to be coated. Hazardous Substance: A substance which, by reason of being exp
49、losive, flammable, toxic, corrosive, or otherwise harmful, is likely to cause death or injury if misused. Hazardous Waste: A waste defined in the Resource Con-servation and Recovery Act (RCRA)6as being subject to U.S. Federal hazardous waste regulations, or a waste that exhibits the characteristics that define a hazardous waste. Holiday: A disco
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