1、 TIA STANDARD Project 25 Digital Land Mobile Radio Security Services Overview TIA-102.AAAB-A (Revision of TIA-102.AAAB) January 2005 TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Representing the telecommunications industry in association with the Electronic Industries Alliance ANSI/TIA-102.AAAB-A-2005App
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6、ndard does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its
7、use. (From Standards Proposal No. 3-4912-RV1, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA TR-8.3 Subcommittee on Encryption). Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION 2004 Standards and Technology Department 2500 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 22201 U.S.A. PRICE: Please refer to current C
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21、roduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA 102.AAAB-A i Contents 1 Introduction1 1.1 Scope1 1.2 Document Description 2 1.3 Document Revision History.3 1.4 Definitions .3 1.5 Abbreviations .5 1.6 References .6 1.7 Overview.6 2 Security Threats .7 2.1 Message Interception .7 2.
22、2 Message Replay7 2.3 Spoofing7 2.4 Misdirection8 2.5 Jamming .8 2.6 Traffic Analysis 9 2.7 Subscriber Duplication9 2.8 Theft of Service10 2.9 Theft of Unit10 3 Confidentiality.11 3.1 Encryption Transformation.12 3.1.1 Traffic Encryption.14 3.1.2 Air Interface Encryption.15 4 Integrity16 4.1 Chronol
23、ogical Integrity16 4.2 Message Integrity17 5 Authentication .19 6 Key Management .22 6.1 Physical Key Distribution23 6.2 Over-the-Air Key Distribution.23 6.2.1 Automated Key Management.24 6.2.2 Public Key Techniques26 6.3 Key Compromise.26 Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided b
24、y IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA 102.AAAB-A ii Foreword (This foreword is not part of this document.) This document has been submitted to APCO/NASTD/FED by the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA), as provided
25、 for in a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) dated December, 1993. That MOU provides that APCO/NASTD/FED will devise a Common System Standard for digital public safety communications (the Standard), and that TIA shall provide technical assistance in the development of documentation for the Standard.
26、This document has been developed by TR8.3 (Encryption) with inputs from the APCO Project 25 Interface Committee (APIC), the APIC Encryption Task Group, and TIA Industry members. This document is being published to provide technical information on the emerging digital techniques for Land Mobile Radio
27、 Service. Security services are intended to neutralize security threats to a radio system. The nature of these threats is discussed in this document, and the security services to counter these threats are defined. These services apply to both conventional and trunking systems. This document presents
28、 security services that were recommended by TIA to APCO/NASTD/FED as being suitable for use as part of their standard for a digital public safety radio system (Project 25). Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networ
29、king permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA 102.AAAB-A iii Patent Identification The readers attention is called to the possibility that compliance with this document may require the use of one or more inventions covered by patent rights. By publication of this document no position is taken with
30、 respect to the validity of those claims or any patent rights in connection therewith. The patent holders so far identified have, we believe, filed statements of willingness to grant licenses under those rights on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms and conditions to applicants desiring to obtain
31、 such licenses. The following patent holders and patents have been identified in accordance with the TIA intellectual property rights policy: No patents have been identified. TIA shall not be responsible for identifying patents for which licenses may be required by this document or for conducting in
32、quiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA 102.AAAB-A iv This page is inten
33、tionally left blank. Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA 102.AAAB-A 1 1 INTRODUCTION In many cases, information security is a vital component of a general land m
34、obile radio system. Several security services are available for implementation in these systems. The services are generally optional and they operate within the bounds of the interfaces defined for non-secure operation. This security overlay may be used to provide security of information transferred
35、 across general FDMA or TDMA land mobile radio systems. The purpose of this document is to define the meaning of these security services. The definition and detail of how security services are provided is outside the scope of this document. This document was generated in response to Project 25 requi
36、rements for security services; however, it is applicable to any general land mobile communications system. TIA 102 security standard documents define protection of Phase 1 and Phase 2 systems. TIA 905 security standard documents define protection of Phase 2 TDMA systems. The security services define
37、d in the TIA 102 and TIA 905 security documents are to be interoperable across the Phase 1 and Phase 2 FDMA and the Phase 2 two-slot TDMA air interfaces. 1.1 Scope A general land mobile radio communications system consists of subscriber units, base stations, fixed equipment for single-site to wide a
38、rea operation, console operator positions, and computer equipment. The subscriber units include portable radios for handheld operation and mobile radios for vehicular operation. The base stations are for geographically fixed installations. Other fixed equipment is used for wide area operation and co
39、nsole operator positions, and computer equipment is used for interface between each of these equipment items. A standard should exist to describe any given specific instance of such a general land mobile radio system. This document will refer to such a specific instance of a general land mobile radi
40、o system as a “Land Mobile Radio system,“ to distinguish it from the entire universe of general land mobile radio systems. Specific Land Mobile Radio systems are referenced in the appendices for the instantiation of the security services described in this document. Instances of Land Mobile Radio sys
41、tems that may apply these security services are given by TSB 102-A (reference 1) and TIA 905 (reference 2) System and Standards Definition (shell) documents. This document provides an overview of the security services available in Land Mobile Radio systems. It provides the context in which to unders
42、tand why security services are required and gives a general high level description of how they are provided. The purpose of security services is to neutralize information security threats to a system. The nature of these threats is discussed in this document and the security services to counter thes
43、e threats are defined. Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA 102.AAAB-A 2 The security services defined here apply to all aspects of Land Mobile Radio systems, inc
44、luding trunking and conventional systems as well as voice and data systems. In general the subject of security includes encryption, and this topic is discussed in general terms to explain the different levels of encryption algorithms available within the standard, and their application to security s
45、ervices. In the context of this document, the specific security requirements are generalized into four security topics: 1. Confidentiality (also known as Privacy) 2. Authentication 3. Integrity 4. Key management These four categories correspond to the security services available to Land Mobile Radio
46、 systems. This document does not provide specific message formats or operational details of these security services. Detailed information is provided in the companion documents identified in section 1.6. 1.2 Document Description This document establishes general principles for a security services de
47、signed to protect the family of Project 25 systems. Section 1 provides a general description, definitions and abbreviations. Section 2 provides an overview of security threats. Section 3 provides an overview of the confidentiality service. Section 4 provides an overview of the integrity service. Sec
48、tion 5 provides an overview of the authentication service. Section 6 provides an overview of key management services. Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TIA 102.AAA
49、B-A 3 1.3 Document Revision History Revision date Revision comments August 9, 1994 P25.ETG.(94)9, the initial draft version submitted to the Project 25 Encryption Task Group for review and comment. January 9, 1995 P25.ETG.(95)01, revision to complete description of key management. April 24, 1995 P25.ETG.(95)01.a, revised to incorporate Task Group comments. May 26, 1995 P25
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