UFC 3-410-01FA CHANGE 4-2010 HEATING VENTILATING AND AIR CONDITIONING [Superseded ARMY ARMY TI 810-10].pdf

1、UFC 3-410-01FA 15 May 2003 Including change 4, January 2010 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR CONDITIONING APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-410-01F

2、A 15 May 2003 Including change 4, January 2010 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR CONDITIONING Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright h

3、older. U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (Preparing Activity) NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT AGENCY Record of Changes (changes are indicated by 1 . /1/) Change No. Date Location 1 Oct 2006 Conform to UFC 1-300-01 and miscellaneous updates 2 Dec 2007 Incorporate EPAc

4、t05 requirements: Para 1-3.4 U.S. Navy, NAVFACENGCOM HQ Code CHENG; U.S. Marine Corps, HQMC Code LFF-1; U.S. Air Force, HQ AFCESA/CES; Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), DSS-IP; National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA), Security and Installations; and all other DOD components, Deputy Under Secretary

5、of Defense for Installations via the DOD Committee on Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning Engineering. 1-3 BASIC PRINCIPLES. The designer shall base all designs on the following basic principles: 1-3.1 Select interior design conditions, including temperature, humidity, filtration, ventilation

6、, air changes, etc., that are suitable for the intended occupancy. 1-3.2 All design work shall be “sustainable” in accordance with ECB 2006-2. 1-3.3 Base system selections on life cycle cost effectiveness. 1-3.4 3Energy consumption shall comply with the UFC 3-400-01. /3/ 31-3.5 Each design shall mee

7、t the requirements of UFC 4-030-01. /3/1-3.6 Each design shall be as simple as possible. 1-3.7 Identify space necessary to access items that require maintenance, such as filters, coils and drain pans, strainers, and chillers on the drawings in three-dimensions. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reprod

8、uction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-410-01FA 15 May 2003 Including change 4, January 2010 2 1-3.8 Provide systems with the features necessary for successful testing, adjusting, and balancing, system commissioning, and for easy access for maintenance. 1-4 WAIVERS. Where

9、a valid need exists and an alternate solution involving sound engineering is available, designers may submit requests for a criteria waiver to the applicable AHJ. Requests for waiver must include justification, life cycle cost analysis, energy compliance analysis, criteria used, and other pertinent

10、data. 1-5 REDUNDANT SYSTEMS. Generally, redundant HVAC systems are not required. However, when a system failure would result in unusually high repair costs or replacement of process equipment, or when activities are disrupted that are vital to national security, the designer may submit a request for

11、 approval to the applicable respective service proponents office in accordance with paragraph 1-4 to provide redundant HVAC systems. No waiver is required where redundant HVAC systems are specified by other applicable criteria. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted wit

12、hout license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-410-01FA 15 May 2003 Including change 4, January 2010 3 CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS 2-1 CALCULATIONS. Perform multiple load calculations where suggested by ASHRAE in order to determine HVAC system requirements. One example where at least two load calculations are required

13、is in order to verify comfort (including both indoor temperature and humidity levels) at the most challenging “low ambient sensible peak ambient latent” design conditions for systems installed in humid areas as specified herein; 2-1.1 Heating Load Calculations. Exclude anticipated internal and solar

14、 heat gains from heating load calculations. Increase the calculated size of equipment and distribution system by up to 30 percent where necessary to compensate for morning recovery due to night setback. 2-1.2 Cooling Load Calculations. If necessary, increase the calculated size of equipment and dist

15、ribution system(s) by up to 10 percent to compensate for morning recovery due to night set forward or by up to 10 percent to compensate for unanticipated loads or changes in space usage. Limit the total combined increase above the size calculated of equipment and distribution system(s) to 15 percent

16、 total. Submit a psychometric plot of each air-conditioning system along with the calculations. Clearly identify all points in the conditioning process on the psychrometric chart and verify the sensible, the latent, and the total cooling capacity using the appropriate data from the chart. List the s

17、ensible, latent, and total capacity requirements for each cooling coil specified. For applications where reheat is required for humidity control, the capacity of the reheat will be equal to the total internal sensible heat generated in the area served. 2-2 DESIGN CONDITIONS. 2-2.1 Outdoor Design Con

18、ditions. Outdoor design conditions will be obtained at www.afccc.af.mil . 2-2.1.1 Cooling. The outdoor design temperature for comfort cooling will be the 1.0 percent dry bulb and the corresponding mean coincident wet bulb temperature. Base the selection of evaporative equipment on the 1.0 percent we

19、t bulb temperature. For applications where maintaining indoor temperature or humidity conditions is critical, the designer may use the corresponding 0.4 percent temperatures. For the selection of condensers and condensing units that will be subjected to unusually high radiation heat gain, add 5 degr

20、ees F (3 degrees C) to the dry bulb temperature specified above. 2-2.1.2 Heating. The outdoor design temperature for comfort heating will be the 99 percent dry bulb temperature. For applications where maintaining indoor temperature or humidity conditions is critical, the designer may substitute the

21、99.6 percent temperature for the 99 percent temperature. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-410-01FA 15 May 2003 Including change 4, January 2010 4 2-2.2 Indoor Design Conditions. 2-2.2.1 Cooling. The indoor design temperature for

22、comfort cooling will be 15 degrees F (8 degrees C) less than the 1.0 percent outdoor design temperature, but will not be lower than 75 degrees F (24 degrees C) nor higher than 78 degrees F (26 degrees C). The indoor design specific humidity will not exceed the outdoor design specific humidity; other

23、wise, the indoor design relative humidity will be 50 percent. The indoor design temperature provided by evaporative cooling or comfort mechanical ventilation will be 80 degrees F (27 degrees C); the above requirements for specific humidity do not apply where evaporative cooling is used. 2-2.2.2 Heat

24、ing. The indoor design temperature for comfort heating will be 68 degrees F (20 degrees C) in areas with low levels of physical activity and 55 degrees F (13 degrees C) in areas with moderate to high levels of physical activity. The indoor design temperature for freeze protection will be 40 degrees

25、F (4 degrees C). Where the indoor relative humidity is expected to fall below 20 percent for extended periods, humidification may be added to increase the indoor relative humidity to 30 percent. 2-3 INFILTRATION. Design air distribution systems for central HVAC systems to maintain a slightly positiv

26、e pressure within the area served in order to reduce or eliminate infiltration unless there is a valid need to maintain a negative pressure in that area. 2-4 INDOOR AIR QUALITY (IAQ). Ventilation for acceptable IAQ will be in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 62.1. Successful application of IAQ princi

27、ples and criteria plays a role with regards to HVAC systems in ensuring occupant comfort and health. Good IAQ design practice increases worker productivity. 2-4.1 Provide a complete IAQ analysis in each HVAC design analysis. The analysis narrative should document a summary of all factors considered

28、when making design choices regarding IAQ, including alternative ventilation solutions considered and reasons for the selection of the solution chosen. The IAQ analysis will also include a room-by-room breakdown of the anticipated number of occupants, the amount of ventilation air required, and any a

29、pplicable adjustments such as multiple spaces factor, intermittent or variable occupancy factor, the ventilation effectiveness factor, and any other factors such as high relative humidity. Where adjustments to typical ventilation rates are significant, explore design alternatives to reduce life cycl

30、e costs. Ventilation for variable air volume systems will ensure proper ventilation rates at low and high system airflow. 2-4.2 Provide a ventilation schedule on the drawings, perhaps combined with the diffuser/register schedule. This schedule should assist the building occupants when performing fut

31、ure renovations. List the total supply air and the number of anticipated occupants for each room in the schedule. Add a footnote to each schedule indicating that the number of occupants listed is for information purposes only. 2-4.3 Ventilation systems that are independent of the primary air supply

32、and distribution systems can provide benefits such as increased humidity control, reduced Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-410-01FA 15 May 2003 Including change 4, January 2010 5 amount of ventilation air than may be otherwise re

33、quired, and increased equipment operating efficiency. 2-4.4 Where desirable, the designer may incorporate a purge mode into system design. This mode could be used, for example, to purge the building with outside air during off-hours or to purge an area of the building undergoing maintenance, such as

34、 painting. 2-4.5 Where practical, locate photocopiers and laser printers in a separate room or group them together and provide local exhaust. Maintain the separate room at a negative pressure relative to adjacent areas by transferring air from these adjacent areas to the separate room. Do not add th

35、e air exhausted from the separate room or local exhaust to the return air or transfer it to any other areas. 2 2-4.6 The HVAC designer is required to meet the USGBC-LEED prerequisites and shall provide documentation for as many LEED credits as possible toward certification of the project. /2/ 2-5 LI

36、FE CYCLE COST ANALYSIS. The designer will evaluate all energy conservation items that appear to have potential for savings, such as heat recovery for HVAC and service water heating, economizer cycles, thermal energy storage, desiccant dehumidification, plastic door strips for loading docks, etc., an

37、d include those items in the design that are life cycle cost effective. Ensure that all operation and maintenance costs are included in the life cycle cost analysis. 2-6 3/3/ 2-7 FILTRATION. For administrative facilities, commercial facilities, and similar facility occupancy classifications where in

38、door air quality is of primary concern, it is preferable to filter the combined supply air, including return and outside air, with a combination of prefilter(s) with a MERV of 8 and final filter(s) with a MERV of 13 when tested in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 52.2. Where the use of extended surfa

39、ce nonsupported pocket (bag) or cartridge filters is unacceptable and satisfactory indoor quality can be achieved using extended surface filters, the use of prefilters is not required. Where practical, provide separate filtration or other means to clean the outdoor air, typically equivalent to that

40、used for the combined air stream, prior to mixing it with the return air. Due to the decrease in system airflow as the pressure drop across the filter increases, size fans for the “dirty” filter condition. This will ensure that each fan has adequate capacity to deliver the design airflow as the filt

41、er becomes loaded. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-410-01FA 15 May 2003 Including change 4, January 2010 6 2-8 DUCT DESIGN. 2-8.1 Use either the Static Regain or the T-Method method to design ducts for VAV systems. Use round and

42、 oval prefabricated duct wherever possible to reduce both leakage and friction losses. The additional material cost for round or oval prefabricated duct is often offset by reduced installation cost and time and reduced fan energy consumption and air leakage. Note that the use of oval ductwork is som

43、etimes restricted to positive pressure applications. Place both supply and return duct directly in the conditioned space where possible in order to eliminate energy lost by leaks and to eliminate, in most instances, the need for thermal insulation on the ducts. 2-8.2 Ensure that duct design incorpor

44、ates all features necessary to accommodate testing, adjusting, and balancing (TAB). For example, provide adequate length of duct, both upstream and downstream of fans and coils. Show the necessary fittings, transitions, test ports, etc. required for successful TAB, for duct inspection and cleaning,

45、and for damper access and inspection. 2-8.3 Do not use the following types of construction where the potential for subterranean termite infestation is high: Sub-slab or intra-slab HVAC ducts. Plenum-type, subfloor HVAC systems, as currently defined in Federal Housing Administration minimum acceptabl

46、e construction criteria guidance. HVAC ducts in enclosed crawl spaces that are exposed to the ground. HVAC systems where any part of the ducting is in contact with or exposed to the ground. 2-9 RADON. Provisions for the prevention and mitigation of indoor radon will comply with UFC 3-490-04A Indoor

47、Radon Prevention and Mitigation. 2-10 CONTROLS. Design HVAC controls in accordance with UFGS 23 09 23 Direct Digital Control for HVAC and Other local Building Systems and UFGS 25 10 10 Utility Monitoring and Control Systems (UMCS). 2-11 SEISMIC PROTECTION. Design HVAC systems with respect to seismic

48、 protection in accordance with the International Building Code. 2-12 TESTING, ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING. UFGS 23 05 93 Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing contains many of the requirements of HVAC testing, adjusting, and balancing including strict quality control guidelines that the construction contra

49、ctor must meet in order to verify that the HVAC systems have been properly installed and operating as specified. All features required for successful TAB must be shown on the design drawings. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-410-01FA 15 May 2003 Including change 4, January 2010 7 2-13