1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL 1709Rapid Rise Fire Tests ofProtection Materials forStructural SteelUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL COPYRIGHTED MATE
2、RIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL Standard for Safety for Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Structural Steel, UL 1709Fourth Edition, Dated August 3, 2011Summary of TopicsA new edition has been issued for UL 1709 to update the tit
3、le page to reflect the recentreaffirmation of UL 1709 as an American National Standard.All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, ortransmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopying, recording, or otherwisewithout prior p
4、ermission of UL.UL provides this Standard as is without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including butnot limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any purpose.In no event will UL be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, indirect or similar d
5、amages,including loss of profits, lost savings, loss of data, or any other damages arising out of the use of or theinability to use this Standard, even if UL or an authorized UL representative has been advised of thepossibility of such damage. In no event shall ULs liability for any damage ever exce
6、ed the price paid forthis Standard, regardless of the form of the claim.Users of the electronic versions of ULs Standards for Safety agree to defend, indemnify, and hold ULharmless from and against any loss, expense, liability, damage, claim, or judgment (including reasonableattorneys fees) resultin
7、g from any error or deviation introduced while purchaser is storing an electronicStandard on the purchasers computer system.The requirements in this Standard are now in effect, except for those paragraphs, sections, tables, figures,and/or other elements of the Standard having future effective dates
8、as indicated in the note following theaffected item. The prior text for requirements that have been revised and that have a future effective dateare located after the Standard, and are preceded by a SUPERSEDED REQUIREMENTS notice.AUGUST 3, 2011 UL 1709 tr1UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR F
9、URTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULAUGUST 3, 2011 UL 1709tr2No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULAUGUST 3, 20111UL 1709Standard for Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Stru
10、cturalSteelFirst Edition February, 1989Second Edition February, 1994Third Edition March, 2005Fourth EditionAugust 3, 2011This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the Fourth Edition.The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 1709 as a Reaffirmed American NationalStandard (ANS) occurred on August 3, 2
11、011. ANSI approval for a standard doesnot include the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages, Title Page, or effective dateinformation.Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may besubmitted to UL at any time. Proposals should be submitted via a ProposalRequest in ULs On-Line Collabor
12、ative Standards Development System (CSDS)at http:/.ULs Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electroniccopy of a Standard should be altered in any way. All of ULs Standards and allcopyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding those Standards shall remain thesole and exclus
13、ive property of UL.COPYRIGHT 2011 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.ANSI/UL 1709-2007 (R2011)UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULAUGUST 3, 2011UL 17092No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION
14、ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULCONTENTSINTRODUCTION1 Scope .42 General 42.1 Units of measurement .42.2 Undated references .4FULL-SCALE TEST METHOD3 Furnace Control 44 Furnace Calibration .75 Test Sample 126 Performance Criteria .14SMALL-SCALE TEST METHOD7 Furnace Control During Fire Test 1
15、48 Test Sample 149 Test Method .1610 Performance Criteria 16APPENDIX AA1 Exposure Conditions A1AUGUST 3, 2011 UL 1709 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULINTRODUCTION1 Scope1.1 These requirements describe a test method measuring t
16、he resistance of protective materials torapid-temperature-rise fires.1.2 The test method covers a full-scale fire exposure, intended to evaluate the thermal resistance ofprotective material applied to structural members and the ability of the protective material to withstand thefire exposure.1.3 The
17、 test method also covers a small-scale fire exposure, intended to evaluate the ability of protectivematerials to withstand a variety of environmental conditions anticipated.2 General2.1 Units of measurement2.1.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explana
18、tory orapproximate information.2.2 Undated references2.2.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this standard shallbe interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.FULL-SCALE TEST METHOD3 Furnace Control3.1 The fire environment within
19、 the furnace is to develop a total heat flux of 65,000 5000 Btu/hft2(20416 kW/m2) and an average temperature of 2000 100F (1093 56C) within 5 min from the start of thetest. The fire environment is to be controlled by reproducing the furnace temperatures recorded during thefurnace calibration method
20、specified in Furnace Calibration, Section 4. This temperature is to bemaintained throughout the remainder of the fire test as shown in Figure 3.1.This is generated text for figtxt.AUGUST 3, 2011UL 17094UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION
21、FROM ULFigure 3.1Time-temperature curveAUGUST 3, 2011 UL 1709 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL3.2 The furnace is to be controlled to maintain the area under the time-temperature curve to within 10%of the corresponding area und
22、er the standard time-temperature curve shown in Figure 3.1 for fire tests of60 min or less duration; to within 7.5% for tests longer than 60 min but not longer than 120 min; and towithin 5% for tests exceeding 120 min in duration. The area under the time-temperature curve is to beobtained by averagi
23、ng the results from the pyrometer or thermocouple readings.3.3 A correction is to be applied for variation of the furnace exposure from the prescribed, where suchvariation will affect the test results, by multiplying the indicated time period by two-thirds of the valueobtained by dividing the differ
24、ence in area between the curve of average furnace temperature and thestandard curve for the first three-fourths of the period by the area between the standard curve above abase line of 68F (20C) for the same part of the indicated period during the first part of the test. For fireexposure times longe
25、r than standard, the indicated rating period is to be increased by the amount of thecorrection and for fire exposure times less than standard, the indicated rating period is to be similarlydecreased. The correction can be expressed by the following formula:In which:C is the correction in the same un
26、its as I,I is the indicated fire-resistance period,A is the area under the curve of indicated average furnace temperature for the first three-fourthsof the indicated period, andAsis area under the standard furnace curve for the same part of the indicated period.3.4 The temperature fixed by the requi
27、rements of Furnace Calibration, Section 4, is to be the averagetemperature obtained from the readings of eight thermocouples symmetrically disposed and distributedwithin the test furnace to show the temperature near all parts of the assembly.3.5 The thermocouples are to be fabricated by fusion-weldi
28、ng the twisted ends of 0.064-in (1.6-mm)diameter (No. 14 B&S gauge) chromel-alumel wires having a time constant of 2 min or less, and mountingthe wires in porcelain insulators. The thermocouple assembly is to be inserted through a standard weight,nominal 1/2 in iron, steel or inconel pipe, and the e
29、nd of the pipe from which the welded junction protrudesis to be open. The thermocouple junction is to protrude 1/2 in (12.7 mm) from the open end of the pipe.3.6 The junction of the thermocouples is to be placed 4 in (102 mm) away from the exposed face of thetest specimen and located at the 1/3 and
30、2/3 heights of the test specimen.AUGUST 3, 2011UL 17096UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL3.7 Each thermocouple within the furnace shall be read at intervals not exceeding 1 min during the first30 min of the test and at intervals
31、not exceeding 5 min during the remainder of the test.4 Furnace Calibration4.1 A furnace calibration record is to be maintained and the furnace is to be recalibrated after completionof any repair that could alter the heat generation, retention or flow characteristics of the furnace.4.2 The exposure o
32、f the furnace is to be measured with thermocouples and calorimeters mounted withina nominal 14 by 14 in by 6 ft high (357 by 357 by 1829 mm) vertical calibration column centered withinthe furnace chamber. The calibration column is to be fabricated from noncombustible materials,constructed and instru
33、mented as shown in Figures 4.1 and 4.2.This is generated text for figtxt.AUGUST 3, 2011 UL 1709 7UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULThis is generated text for figtxt.Figure 4.1Calibration column IAUGUST 3, 2011UL 17098UL COPYRIGHT
34、ED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULFigure 4.2Calibration column IIAUGUST 3, 2011 UL 1709 9UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL4.3 The temperature of the furnace is to be mea
35、sured by eight thermocouples, each located 4 in (102mm) from the exposed face of the calibration column and at the 1/3 and 2/3 heights.4.4 The measured values of all thermocouples and calorimeters are to be recorded at intervals notexceeding 1 min.4.5 The thermocouples used to measure the temperatur
36、es on the face of the calibration column are to beNo. 28 gauge, Type K inconel sheathed thermocouples having a time constant of 0.5 s or less. Thethermocouple junction is to be located 1/4 in (6.3 mm) from the face of the calibration column.4.6 The thermocouples used to measure the temperatures with
37、in the furnace are to be constructed asdescribed in 3.5.4.7 The calorimeters are to have a minimum range of 100,000 Btu/hft2(315 kW/m2) and a 180 viewangle.4.8 Combustion gas samples from within the furnace are to be obtained from a probe of stainless steeltubing having an outer diameter not less th
38、an 3/16 in (4.7 mm) and a wall thickness not less than 1/32 in(0.8 mm). The probe tip is to be positioned vertically at the midheight of the calibration column andhorizontally located 4 in (102 mm) from the face of the calibration column.4.9 The combustion gas samples are to be obtained continuously
39、 by use of a vacuum pump and theoxygen content measured by an oxygen analyzer.4.10 The fire environment during the calibration test is to comply with the requirements of 3.1. The lengthof the calibration test is to be 60 min.4.11 Individual total heat flux measurements are to lie within the limits s
40、hown in Figure 4.3.This is generated text for figtxt.AUGUST 3, 2011UL 170910UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULFigure 4.3Time-total heat flux curveAUGUST 3, 2011 UL 1709 11UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODU
41、CTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL4.12 Average furnace temperature is to be determined by averaging the temperatures recorded by theeight thermocouples placed 4 in (102 mm) from the column. The average shall be 2000 200F (1093111C) and individual temperatures are to be 2000 400F (1093 2
42、19C) 5 min after the start of thetest and until the end of the test.4.13 The average furnace temperature curve shall be reproduced to maintain the furnace controldescribed in Furnace Control, Section 3.4.14 A record of the temperatures measured near the face of the column and the oxygen content are
43、tobe retained on file for a period of 10 years.5 Test Sample5.1 The size of the steel column used in the test sample shall be representative of the design, materials,and workmanship for which Classification is desired. The protection material shall be applied to the steelcolumn in accordance with ac
44、ceptable field practice. The length of the protected steel column shall be atleast 8 ft (2.44 m). The steel column is to be supported vertically during application of protection materialand during fire exposure.5.2 The temperature of the steel column is to be measured by no fewer than three thermoco
45、uples locatedat each of four levels (minimum of 12 thermocouples). The upper and lower levels are to be 2 ft (610 mm)from the ends of the steel column, and the other two intermediate levels are to be equally spaced betweenthe upper and lower levels. The thermocouples at each level are to be placed t
46、o measure significanttemperatures of the component elements of the steel column. Figure 5.1 shows typical locations ofthermocouples on wide flange and tubular steel columns. The thermocouples are to be fabricated fromminimum 0.032-in (0.8-mm) diameter (No. 20B&Sgauge) chromel-alumel wires or equival
47、ent having atime constant of2sorless.5.3 The applied protection material is to be restrained against longitudinal thermal expansion greater thanthat of the steel column by attaching rigid steel plates or reinforced concrete to the ends of the steelcolumn prior to application of the protection materi
48、al. The plates or concrete are to be sized to providedirect bearing over the entire transverse area of the protection material.5.4 The ends of the test sample, including the means for restraint, are to have sufficient thermal insulationto prevent significant direct heat transfer through to the ends
49、of the steel column from the furnace.This is generated text for figtxt.AUGUST 3, 2011UL 170912UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULFigure 5.1Thermocouple locationAUGUST 3, 2011 UL 1709 13UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL5.5 Prior to test, the test sample is to be conditioned such that the dampest portion of the test samplehas achieved a moisture content corresponding to drying to equil
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