UL 924 TGD-2016 UL Standard for Safety Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment - Section Paragraph Reference See Subject Topics Topic 1 Representative Luminance Measurement Testing.pdf

1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL TECHNICAL GUIDANCE DOCUMENTSThis Document is prepared and published by UL.Product Category (CCN): FTBR, FTBV, FWBX, OUSTStandard Number: UL 924Standard Title: Standard for Emergency Lighting a

2、nd Power EquipmentEdition Date: May 9, 2016Edition Number: 10Section / Paragraph Reference: See Subject TopicsTopic 1: Representative Luminance Measurement Testing for Exit Signs- Section /Paragraph Reference: 43.1.9Topic 2: Representative Fluorescent Lamp Loads for Emergency Battery Pack Tests(maxi

3、mum load verification) )- Section / Paragraph Reference: 48.6, 54.1, 78.1,78.2Topic 3: Equipment with Battery Heaters and Heater Controls- Section / ParagraphReference: 47.5, 48.2, 54.2Topic 4: Calculating Extended Operating Time based on Increased Number ofBatteries- Section / Paragraph Reference:

4、73.1.7 (marked operating time)Topic 5: Transformer Requirements for Canadian (C-UL) Certification- Section /Paragraph Reference: Supplement SDTopic 6: Thermally-sensitive Components in Exit Signs- Section / ParagraphReference: 40.2Topic 7: “EXIT Text Legend Observation Test as Representative for a L

5、egend inOther Languages- Section / Paragraph Reference: 43.2.3(b)Topic 8: Alternative / Replacement LED Arrays in Exit Signs- Section / ParagraphReference: 43.3Topic 9: Certification of Emergency LED Drivers- Section / Paragraph Reference:Supplements SA and SGTopic 10: Representative Fluorescent Lam

6、p Loads for Battery / Inverter SystemTests (Minimum Light Output) - Section / Paragraph Reference: SA3.5, SG2Topic 11: Emergency Luminaire Maximum Mounting Height Calculations- Section /Paragraph Reference: SG3.2Topic 12: Vertically Oriented Exit Signs- Section / Paragraph Reference: N/ATopic 13: Ex

7、it Signs with a Supplemental Directional Arrow- Section / ParagraphReference: Section 40Topic 14: Cord and Plug-Connected Emergency Lighting Equipment- Section /Paragraph Reference: Sections 17 and 18Topic 15: Graphical Symbol Exit Signs with Two Directional Arrows: Section /Paragraph Reference: 42.

8、1GUIDANCE:Topic 1: Representative Luminance Measurement Testing for Exit Signs - Section / ParagraphReference: 41.1.8Consideration should be given to the proportionate reduction in DC voltage and to the previously recordedluminance measurement data relative to the minimum luminance requirement (8.7

9、cd/m2). These datacomparisons are only valid where the LED array, its affiliated circuitry, and its physical / optical relationshipto the exit sign face are identical. Where a family of exit signs (using the same LED array) has beencertified, luminance data at various DC voltage levels may already b

10、e available.UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULAs a general rule of thumb, the luminance measurement test need not be repeated if the DC voltagereduction is 5% or less (0.3V on a 6V nominal system; 0.24V on a 4.8V system) for an e

11、xit sign whosemeasured luminance exceeds the minimum requirement by 25% or more (approx. 11 cd/m2). Where theoriginally measured luminance output is even greater, higher levels of DC voltage reduction can beaccommodated (provided that the battery terminal voltage still meets the minimum 87.5% nomina

12、lrequirement).As an alternative, a manufacturer can request the luminance measurement test to be conducted at thenominal 87.5% battery voltage. If compliant results are obtained, any subsequent change in batteryperformance that still complies with the battery discharge test of Section 48 (retaining

13、minimum 87.5%battery voltage) can be permitted without repeating the luminance measurement test.Topic 2: Representative Fluorescent Lamp Loads for Emergency Battery Pack Tests (maximumload verification) )- Section / Paragraph Reference: 46.7, 52A.1, 75.1, 75.2In lieu of UL conducting battery dischar

14、ge current measurement tests on all requested lamp types andconfigurations to determine a representative sample configuration for the battery discharge cycling test,the emergency battery pack manufacturer should be invited to submit their own complete data set. Theyshould have this data to support t

15、heir claim that their battery system is suitable for operating the requestedrange of lamp types/configurations for the minimum 90 minute requirement of UL 924. If they do not havesupporting data, UL can generate it for them as a preliminary phase of the overall investigation (this wouldbe a separate

16、 service from the UL 924 compliance assessment).If the manufacturer submits data, UL should countercheck at least two but no more than five of the datapoints by conducting its own independent measurements of battery discharge current (note - this activitywould typically be considered integral to the

17、 UL 924 compliance assessment project). Unless there isreason to do otherwise, the data points selected for counterchecking should be among the highest currentlevels shown in the manufacturers data.A DC supply adjusted to nominal battery terminal voltage should be used for these measurements. Thecur

18、rent drawn from the supply by each load should be measured no sooner than one minute afterenergizing the supply. This one-minute delay allows for dissipation of any transients and stabilization ofthe lamp condition. The lamps used for the measurements should be acquired by UL (not provided by theman

19、ufacturer) and, if fluorescent, seasoned (operated) for at least 100 hours prior to takingmeasurements.All data collected during this process (whether from UL or the manufacturer) should be retained. If at somesubsequent time the manufacturer requests to further increase the range of eligible lamps,

20、 or submits analternative battery or charging system, this data set can be used to determine the extent of retesting, ifany, that will be needed.Topic 3: Equipment with Battery Heaters and Heater Controls- Section / Paragraph Reference:45.2.3, 46.2, 52A.2The minimum operational reliability investiga

21、tion for a heater control is its performance during the extremelow ambient phase of the referenced test programs. If the heater does not activate but the equipment isable to comply with the requirements, the heater circuit is only supplemental relative to equipmentcompliance with UL 924. If the heat

22、er fails to turn on and the battery is unable to comply with any of thereferenced test requirements, the equipment would be considered non-compliant.STANDARD NUMBER: UL 924 -2-UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULIf a heater control

23、 known to comply with requirements that evaluate its calibration and reliability (such asUL 353, UL 873, or UL 60730) does turn on during a low ambient phase of one of the referenced tests,the most severe low temperature condition would be at the point just prior to activation of the heater. Thelow

24、temperature phase of the program should be conducted at an ambient just prior to activation of theheater circuit.If a heater control NOT known to comply with requirements that evaluate its calibration and reliability turnson during a low ambient phase of one of the referenced tests, two supplemental

25、 evaluations are needed(in addition to conducting the low ambient phase of the referenced tests at the point just prior to activationof the heater):First, to determine whether the heater control represents a potential risk of fire to the overallequipment if it does not deactivate at sufficient inter

26、vals or temperature levels, a fault testshould be conducted wherein the control is maintained in a closed (heater on) position untilstabilized results are obtained. Stabilized results, in this context, would be an open (broken)heater element or stable temperatures throughout the product not exceedin

27、g the known / ratedtemperature limits of any critical components or combustible parts. The equipment is notrequired to remain operational at the end of this abnormal test but should not present a risk offire or electric shock (similar to the compliance criteria for the Component Breakdown Test).Seco

28、nd, to determine whether the heater control will consistently activate the heater at thisambient level, two additional end product samples should be subjected to the same low ambientexposure condition. Heater activation should occur within 5 C of the ambient temperatureactivation point of the origin

29、al test sample.Topic 4: Calculating Extended Operating Time based on Increased Number of Batteries- Section /Paragraph Reference: 73.1.7 (marked operating time)An extended operating time rating (2 hours, 4 hours, etc.) can be authorized for central battery systemsthat have been evaluated and found t

30、o comply with a 90 minute (or other) operating time criteria, byestablishing a capacity-to-demand ratio (R). This ratio then provides the basis for extending the operatingtime rating, based on additional strings of batteries and chargers to supply the same VA load for additionaltime.This methodology

31、 is not applicable to requests for higher load ratings since the rate of battery capacitydrainage is typically non-linear in relation to load current changes. The methodology is only applicablewhere a single battery type (mfr and model) is used. Actual battery amp-hour ratings from themanufacturer a

32、re not relied upon.The established VA-hr capacity of an individual battery is determined through the following formula:C = (T)(VA) / (#)whereT = time (in hours) of original test (typically 1.5)VA = load rating for original test# = number of batteries used in original testThe VA-hr demand of the exte

33、nded operating time system is expressed asSTANDARD NUMBER: UL 924 -3-UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULD = (T)(VA)whereT = requested operating time (in hours)VA = load ratingThe ability of the proposed system to supply the load f

34、or the requested time is expressed as a ratio ofcapacity-to-demand:R = (#)(C) / (D)whereR 1 indicates adequate capacityR ),while the CCMC requires the use of an arrow ( ). However, thereis no explicit constraint within UL 924 against the use of an arrow.UL will offer Listing service to an EXIT sign

35、with both a chevron and an arrow provided that (1) thedirection(s) indicated by the different symbols do not conflict, and (2) there is a gap between the arrowand the bottom of the legend letters comparable to that required by UL 924 clause 41.7 (3/8 inch or 9.5mm). The arrow need not be evaluated f

36、or compliance with the CCMC in order for the sign to be eligiblefor a UL Listing Mark.UL will continue to offer a separate written report identifying compliance with the CCMC, whoserequirements are shown below.Topic 14: Cord and Plug Connected Emergency Lighting Equipment- Section / ParagraphReferen

37、ce: Sections 17 and 18This content has been added to the Standard.Topic 15: Graphical Symbol Exit Signs with Two Directional Arrows- Section / ParagraphReference: 42.1STANDARD NUMBER: UL 924 -8-UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULA

38、 directional exit sign can point in multiple horizontal directions (right and left, right/angle up and left/angleup, or right/angle down and left/angle down). But it should not point in conflicting vertical directions (upand down).RATIONALE:Topic 1: Representative Luminance Measurement Testing for E

39、xit Signs- Section / ParagraphReference: 43.1.9Clause 43.1.9 requires that luminance measurement data for exit signs with integral batteries be gatheredwith the sign supplied from a DC source set at the minimum battery voltage measured during theBattery Discharge Test, Section 48.If an alternate bat

40、tery is submitted for a Listed LED-based exit sign or there is a request to expand thecertification of a Listed LED-based exit sign to include extreme ambients, the battery discharge test willneed to be re-conducted. If the results of the battery discharge test indicate a lower battery terminalvolta

41、ge, the luminance measurement test (Section 43.3) may need to be repeated using the lower DCvoltage level.There is not a linear relationship between available DC input voltage and the luminance output of an LEDarray. For most LED arrays, luminance output will remain fairly steady over some range of

42、DC voltageinput and then drop off more rapidly when the voltage declines below some threshold. This drop-offthreshold is understood to be below 87.5% of nominal input voltage.The luminance output reduction from an LED array due to a small reduction in DC voltage input, while stillabove the 87.5% thr

43、eshold, should therefore be relatively modest. Based on the relative stability ofluminance output at these higher voltage levels, an LED exit sign with measured luminance outputsignificantly above the minimum UL 924 luminance output requirement of 8.7 cd/m2can be expected tomaintain compliance with

44、the UL 924 luminance output requirements even with a modest reduction inbattery terminal voltage.Topic 2: Representative Fluorescent Lamp Loads for Emergency Battery Pack Tests (maximumload verification)- Section / Paragraph Reference: 48.6, 54.1, 78.1, 78.2Emergency battery packs are often rated as

45、 suitable for use with a wide range of lamp / light source types(such as size T5 - T12 tubes), wattages, and (for fluorescent lamps) starting mechanisms (rapid, instant,or no integral starter). Sampled measurement data reveals that there is insufficient correlation betweenthe rated total lamp curren

46、t of these different configurations and the actual current drawn from the battery.In the context of UL 924 and compliance validation for the minimum emergency operating time of 90minutes, maximum battery discharge current represents the most severe operating condition. Therefore,in order for tests w

47、ith one set / configuration of lamp loads to represent another, the actual batterydischarge current for the representative load must be higher.The battery discharge cycling test is very time consuming so there is good cause to seek validrepresentative testing opportunities. The lamp(s) serve as a bl

48、ack box load and their only significance tothe battery system is related to how quickly they drain the battery. Conducting the battery discharge testwith a lamp load configuration known to draw maximum battery current will provide test resultsrepresentative of lamp load configurations that draw lowe

49、r battery current. Auditing and countercheckingof manufacturer-provided data is a valid means to determine the most severe and hence representativesample configuration. Using lamps obtained independently of the manufacturer is an important step toensure data validity.STANDARD NUMBER: UL 924 -9-UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULTopic 3: Equipment with Battery Heaters and Heater Controls- Section / Paragraph Reference:47.5, 48.2, 54.2If the thermal regulation circuitry is known to comply with requirements