1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULJuly 31, 20061SUBJECT 2436OUTLINE OF INVESTIGATIONFORSPILL CONTAINMENT FOR STATIONARY LEAD ACID BATTERY SYSTEMSIssue Number: 1JULY 31, 2006Summary of TopicsThis is the first issue of the Outline
2、of Investigation for Spill Containmentfor Stationary Lead Acid Battery Systems.The UL Foreword is no longer located within the UL Standard. For informationconcerning the use and application of the requirements contained in thisStandard, the current version of the UL Foreword is located onULStandards
3、InfoNet at: http:/ 2006 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULJULY 31, 2006SUBJECT 24362No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSI
4、ON FROM ULCONTENTSINTRODUCTION1 Scope .52 Units of Measurement .53 Components 54 References .65 Glossary .6CONSTRUCTION6 General 67 Materials .78 Electrolyte Absorption and Neutralization 79 Spill Containment .7PERFORMANCESYSTEM TESTS10 Leakage 711 Electrolyte Absorption 812 Neutralization Capabilit
5、y Estimate 8MATERIAL TESTS13 Penetration Resistance .914 Volume Change and Extraction of Soluble Material .1015 Air Oven Aging .1016 Immersion .1017 Rigid Plastic 1118 Flexural Strength .1119 Joint Strength 1120 Non-Rigid Plastic .1121 Tensile Strength and Elongation 1122 Tear Strength 1223 Seam Str
6、ength .1224 Tensile Impact 1225 Fire Resistance .12MARKINGS26 General 1327 Cautionary Markings 1328 Nameplate and Other Non-Cautionary Markings 13INSTRUCTIONS29 Installation .1330 Maintenance .1431 Neutralizing Pillows .14JULY 31, 2006 SUBJECT 2436 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER
7、 REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULAPPENDIX AStandards for ComponentsA1JULY 31, 2006SUBJECT 24364UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULINTRODUCTION1 Scope1.1 These requirements cover spill containment for stationa
8、ry lead-acid and similar acid electrolytebattery systems investigated for liquid tightness, level of electrolyte absorption, pH neutralizationcapability, and flame spread resistance.1.2 These systems are intended to provide a means of containment for hazardous material liquids in theevent of electro
9、lyte leakage from stationary lead-acid or similar acid electrolyte battery systems.2 Units of Measurement2.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory orapproximate information.3 Components3.1 Except as indicated in 3.2, a component of a value cover
10、ed by this outline of investigation shallcomply with the requirements for that component.3.2 A component need not comply with a specific requirement that:a) Involves a feature or characteristic no needed in the application of the component in thevalue covered by this outline of investigation, orb) I
11、s superseded by requirements in this outline of investigation.3.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions ofuse.3.4 Specific components are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities.Such components are intend
12、ed for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures notexceeding specified limits, and shall be used only under those specific conditions.3.5 Components such as fittings, sealants, gaskets, etc. are to be investigated with respect to suitabilityfor use as part of the spill contain
13、ment system. Factors, which are to be considered when investigatingcomponents, are:a) Structural integrity;b) Resistance to aging;c) Resistance to corrosion;d) Resistance to deterioration from exposure to acids contained.JULY 31, 2006 SUBJECT 2436 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER
14、REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL3.6 Test methods appropriate for investigation of the component under consideration will be utilized.4 References4.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this Outline ofInvestigation shall be interpreted as
15、 referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.5 Glossary5.1 For the purpose of this outline the following definitions apply.5.1.1 ELASTOMER Flexible materials such as rubber or synthetic rubber materials utilized forgaskets, seals and liner materials.5.1.2 FIELD ENGINEERED SYSTEMS Spill
16、containment systems that are essentially constructed atthe installation site from various components. Major seams and welds may be constructed at theinstallation site.5.1.3 NON-RIGID PLASTIC Plastic which is flexible in physical property, typically made fromthermoplastic resin having the property of
17、 softening or fusing when heated and of hardening andbecoming rigid again when cooled .5.1.4 PRE-ENGINEERED SYSTEMS Spill containment systems that are essentially complete whenshipped from the factory with all major seams and welds completed under controlled conditions at thefactory.5.1.5 RIGID PLAS
18、TIC Plastic which is inflexible in physical property, typically made fromthermosetting resin capable of becoming permanently rigid when heated or cured.CONSTRUCTION6 General6.1 Pre-Engineered spill containment systems are shipped to the site with an installation manual and areintended for installati
19、on in accordance with the instructions in the installation manual.6.2 Installation of the spill containment system, whether a Pre-Engineered system or a Field Engineeredsystem, shall be conducted under the supervision of the containment system manufacturer followingaccepted installation practices.JU
20、LY 31, 2006SUBJECT 24366UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL7 Materials7.1 Polymeric materials utilized in spill containment systems that may be in contact with electrolyte froma spill shall be resistant to deterioration of the mat
21、erials mechanical strength properties as a result ofexposure to the electrolyte. Compliance is determined by the tests in Rigid Plastic, Section 17 orNon-Rigid Plastic, Section 20, as applicable to the type of material. Testing is conducted on as-receivedsamples of the materials and on samples subje
22、cted to Immersion, Section 16, Air Oven Aging, Section15. Results obtained from testing conducted on the conditioned samples are compared to that of resultsobtained on the as-received samples.7.2 Materials that may be in contact with electrolyte from a spill shall be resistant to deterioration fromt
23、he electrolyte. Compliance shall be determined by the tests in Volume Change and Extraction of SolubleMaterial, Section 14.7.3 Materials employed as liners and other containment means in spill containment systems shall beresistant to penetration as determined by the tests in Penetration Resistance,
24、Section 13.7.4 Containment systems shall comply with a Class I rating for fire resistance (a critical radiant flux 0.45W/cm2) in accordance with the Life Safety Code, NPFA 101. Compliance is determined by subjecting thenon-metallic parts of the system to the tests in Fire Resistance, Section 25.8 El
25、ectrolyte Absorption and Neutralization8.1 Spill containment systems shall be able to absorb electrolyte spills for the anticipated maximumvolume of electrolyte spill rating of the system and shall be evaluated for their electrolyte neutralizationcapability in accordance with the tests in Electrolyt
26、e Absorption, Section 11.9 Spill Containment9.1 Spill containment systems shall be resistant to leakage for the maximum intended spill in anas-received condition and after intended maintenance of the system (i.e. repair of tears, etc.). Complianceis determined by the tests in Leakage, Section 10.PER
27、FORMANCESYSTEM TESTS10 Leakage10.1 There shall be no leakage from the containment system when it is tested in accordance with 10.2.Any observation of liquid forming outside the containment area will be considered evidence of leakage10.2 A representative containment system with the minimum height wal
28、ls provided for the system shallbe installed in a dry test area in accordance with the manufacturers installation instructions. Thecontainment system is to be filled with liquid representative of the electrolyte in the maximum strength; towithin 12.7 mm (1/2 inch) of the top of the sidewalls or to t
29、he maximum fill level allowed permanufacturers recommendations, whichever is greater. The test liquid shall remain in the containmentsystem for a minimum of 24 hours.JULY 31, 2006 SUBJECT 2436 7UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL1
30、0.3 The test of 10.2 is repeated on a system subjected to the manufacturers recommendedmaintenance such as repair of a tear in the lining, etc.10.4 The testing outlined in 10.2 and 10.3 is repeated on a system representative of the largestcontainment system using water as the test fluid.11 Electroly
31、te Absorption11.1 The absorption means (i.e. absorption pillows) of the containment system shall be able to absorb theintended specified volume of concentrated acid (i.e. sulfuric acid H2SO4with specific gravity of 1.3) for aspecified weight of absorption material in accordance with 11.2 and 11.3.11
32、.2 The system absorption means, of a known weight, is to be placed in an acid-resistant container.Concentrated acid (i.e. sulfuric acid H2SO4with specific gravity of 1.3) of a volume specified by themanufacturer, is to be carefully poured over the absorbent pillow. After the acid is poured, there is
33、 a30-minute wait before the container is examined. At the conclusion of the 30-minute wait period, thecontainer is to be examined to determine whether or not the acid is absorbed or if there is evidence ofnon-absorbed acid remaining in the container.11.3 The capacity of absorbency of the absorption
34、means is determined in weight of absorbent materialsto volume of acid absorbed.12 Neutralization Capability Estimate12.1 The electrolyte neutralization system (i.e. absorption pillows) shall contain the manufacturers ratedcontent of sodium carbonate (Na2SO3) or other acid neutralization material per
35、 12.2. The manufacturersspecified percentage of acid neutralization shall be sufficient to neutralize a rated quantity of acid ofintended strength based upon the calculations of 12.3.12.2 The weight percent of acid neutralizing material in the manufacturers neutralization system shall bedetermined.
36、For example, using sodium carbonate as the acid neutralizing material:a) A 0.5 to 1.0 g sample of the system absorption material is to be dissolved in a carbonate-free water, boiled and cooled, then titrated with 1.0 N Hydrogen Chloride (HCL) to pH 6.5 todetermine weight percent sodium carbonate (Na
37、2SO3) in the absorbent material sample.12.3 The neutralizing capability of the manufacturers minimum rated percentage of neutralizing materialor the lowest percentage determined from 12.2, whichever is less, shall be calculated as follows:Neutralizing capacity of weight percent sodium carbonate powd
38、er:(X% lb Na2SO3) /(1.0 lb Absorption Powder) x (453.6 g Na2SO3)/(1lbNa2SO3) x(1 mole Na2SO3)/(106.0 g Na2SO3) x (1 mole H2SO4)/(1 mole Na2SO3) = Y moleH2SO4a) i.e. based on sulfuric acid, 1.3 specific gravity (39.5% weight percent):(Y mole H2SO4) x (98.08 g H2SO4)/(1 mole H2SO4) x (1 g Solution)/(0
39、.395 gH2SO4) x(1 ml Solution)/(1.3 g Solution) x (1 quart solution)/(946.35295 ml solution) = Zaquarts (39.5%) solutionJULY 31, 2006SUBJECT 24368UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULb) i.e. based on sulfuric acid, 1.25 specific grav
40、ity (34% weight percent):(Y mole H2SO4) x (98.08 g H2SO4)/(1 mole H2SO4) x (1 g Solution)/(0.34 g H2SO4)x(1 ml Solution)/(1.25 g Solution) x (1 quart solution)/(946.35295 ml solution) = Zbquarts (34%) solutionWhere:X is the minimum percent of sodium carbonate in the absorption material (either rated
41、 or per12.2).Y is the number of moles of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) that can be neutralized with the percentsodium carbonate (Na2SO3)(the stoichiometric ratio 1:1).Z is the volume (in quarts) of a specific concentration of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) that can beneutralized.MATERIAL TESTS13 Penetration Resistan
42、ce13.1 Materials employed in the system to contain a spill shall not crack or be penetrated as a result ofthe testing outlined in 13.2 13.4.13.2 Testing is to be conducted in accordance with Methods of Testing Coated Fabric, ASTM D751 usingboth the Bursting Strength Test and the Puncture Resistance
43、Test Methods outlined.13.3 For the Bursting Strength Test Method of ASTM D751, a 25.4 mm (1 inch) diameter steel ball shallbe used. For the Puncture Resistance Test Method of ASTM D751, a steel tip with a flat face withdimensions of 7.9 0.25 mm (0.31 0.01 in) wide by 7.9 0.1 mm (0.031 0.004 inch) th
44、ick shall beused. All edges of the steel tip are to be rounded to a 0.25 mm (0.010 in) radius.13.4 The penetration loads are not to be less than 200 kg (440 lb) for the 25.4 mm (1 inch) diameter steelball and 36 kg (80 lb) for the flat steel tip.JULY 31, 2006 SUBJECT 2436 9UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NO
45、T AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL14 Volume Change and Extraction of Soluble Material14.1 Three samples of the non-metallic materials from parts of the containment system in contact withelectrolyte are to be formed of 76.20 mm (3 inch) long by 25.40 mm (1
46、 inch) wide by the thickness of thematerial used for the part.14.2 Prior to testing, the samples shall be weighed and their dimensions measured in accordance withStandard Test Method for Rubber Property-Effect of Liquids, ASTM D471 (non-rigid) or StandardPractices for Evaluating the Resistance of Pl
47、astics to Chemical Reagents, ASTM D543 (rigid plastics) asapplicable.14.3 The samples are to be subjected to immersion in concentrated acid (i.e. sulfuric acid H2SO4withspecific gravity of 1.3) at room temperature for 7 days.14.4 Following the immersion in the acid, the specimens are to be washed wi
48、th water, wiped dry with acloth or tissue and immediately weighed and their dimensions measured in accordance with 14.2.14.5 As a result of the immersion, the volume swell of the samples shall not be greater than 10%as-received and the maximum amount of material extracted (weight loss) shall not be
49、greater than 0.5%of the as-received weight.15 Air Oven Aging15.1 Non-metallic parts of the spill containment system shall be subjected to air oven aging at 70 C (158F) for 30 days.15.2 Following the oven conditioning, the samples shall be allowed to cool to room temperature and thensubjected to the tests of Rigid Plastic, Section 17 or the tests of Non-Rigid Plastic, Section 20, asapplicable.15.3 Unless indicated otherwise in the individual test methods, the physical properties of theoven
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