UL SUBJECT 3600-2018 UL Outline for Investigation for Measuring and Reporting Circular Economy Aspects of Products Sites and Organizations (Issue 1).pdf

1、SEPTEMBER 7, 2018 1 UL 3600 Outline of Investigation for Measuring and Reporting Circular Economy Aspects of Products, Sites and Organizations Issue Number: 1 September 7, 2018 Summary of Topics The first issue of the Outline of Investigation for Measuring and Reporting Circular Economy Aspects of P

2、roducts, Sites and Organizations, UL 3600, covers the methods and metrics for measuring aspects of the Circular Economy. ULs Outlines of Investigation are copyrighted by UL LLC. Neither a printed nor electronic copy of an Outline of Investigation should be altered in any way. All of ULs Outlines of

3、Investigation and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding those Outlines of Investigation shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL LLC. COPYRIGHT 2018 UL LLC UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 2 UL 3600 SEPTEM

4、BER 7, 2018 No Text on This Page UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 7, 2018 UL 3600 3 CONTENTS 1 Scope . 4 2 Project Scope 4 3 Normative References 4 4 Terms and Definitions . 5 5 List of Symbols and Meanings 8 6 Measu

5、rement Methods . 8 6.1 Circularity Facts for Sites . 8 6.2 Circularity Facts for Products . 9 6.3 Organization Circularity Facts .13 7 Analytics (Impacts of Materials Flows).14 7.1 General 14 7.2 Calculating the GHG Emissions and Energy Use Associated With the Scope of the Circularity Facts Report .

6、14 Annex A 155 Annex B 156 Annex C 157 UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 4 UL 3600 SEPTEMBER 7, 2018 1 Scope 1.1 This outline covers the methods and metrics for measuring aspects of the Circular Economy. Aspects include, but ar

7、e not limited to, materials flows and the impacts of those flows. The standard is split into two major parts: measuring the material flows (measurement methods) and measuring the impacts of those flows (analytics). 1.2 The metrics and measures are focused on materials and the flow of those materials

8、 as a result of the activities of companies and from the products manufactured by those companies. In addition to the materials and flows, activities and impacts from those materials and flows in other parts of the supply chain should be included where they represent significant impact and will be u

9、sed as modifier on the material flows. 2 Project Scope 2.1 The scope of an assessment can be set against one of three general supply chain boundaries: a) Scope 1 includes performance of directly owned and operated company assets. b) Scope 2 includes Tier 1 suppliers, those suppliers who supply parts

10、 or services directly to the company including contract manufacture of the companys products. c) Scope 3 include impacts from the full lifecycle of the products, sites and companies participating in the supply chain, delivery and use of the product. 2.2 These scopes define broad boundaries for proje

11、cts. An entity may further define the scope of a project to cover a portion of its overall products or sites within the selected supply chain boundary. For example, the scope of a specific project may cover one product and one site within a Scope 1 boundary or the Scope 1 boundary may include additi

12、onal products and sites. 2.3 While this standard is written in the context of producers of artifacts (i.e., cell phones, refrigerators and cars), it can apply just a well to service companies or municipalities with some modification, where the product might be consulting hours, garbage removal or pa

13、ges printed. 2.4 Scope and percent of included products and/or sites is decided at initiation of project and shall be stated in the project report or with any claims based on this standard. 3 Normative References 3.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this o

14、utline shall be interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard. ASTM D6866, Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBU

15、TION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 7, 2018 UL 3600 5 ASTM D6400, Standard Specification for Labeling of Plastics Designed to be Aerobically Composted in Municipal or Industrial Facilities IEC TR 62635, Guidelines for end-of-life information provided by manufacturers and recyclers and for recy

16、clability rate calculation of electrical and electronic equipment UL ECVP 2789, Environmental Claim Validation Procedure for Calculation of Estimated Recyclability Rate UL ECVP 2799, Environmental Claim Validation Procedure for Zero Waste to Landfill UL ECVP 2809, Environmental Claim Validation Proc

17、edure (ECVP) for Recycled Content UL ECVP 2990, Environmental Claim Validation Procedure (ECVP) for By-Product Synergy 4 Terms and Definitions 4.1 For the purposes of this outline, the following terms and definitions apply. 4.2 ANAEROBIC DIGESTION WITH ENERGY RECOVERY (m anaerobic) Mass of materials

18、 sent for biodegradation in the absence of oxygen, producing methane which is combusted, capturing useful energy such as steam and electricity. 4.3 BIOCHEM (m biochem) Mass of discarded material which has been sent for processing to extract useful biochemicals before further processing. 4.4 BIOFUELS

19、 (m biofuel) Mass of materials produced from biomass being sent for manufacture of or for use directly as fuel. 4.5 COMPOSTING (m compost) Mass of discarded material which has been sent for processing to create decomposed organic material that is produced when bacteria in soil break down garbage and

20、 biodegradable trash, making organic fertilizer. Making compost requires turning and mixing and exposing the materials to air. Gardeners and farmers use compost for soil enrichment. Adapted from US EPA Vocabulary Catalog accessed on March 10, 2017: http:/bit.ly/2msoDGs UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AU

21、THORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 6 UL 3600 SEPTEMBER 7, 2018 4.6 DISCARDED MATERIAL Operational byproducts - Any material other than the product being shipped to market that leaves the facility or would leave the facility if it had not been reused or repur

22、posed, including but not limited to domestic waste, sludge, pit cleanouts, metals, hazardous substances and cafeteria waste. Material discarded from operations or discarded material generated annually, including those materials generated from ongoing construction and demolition activities or facilit

23、y maintenance. C&D major projects are calculated separately. Liquid materials (e.g., oils, lubricants, paints, etc.) which could be disposed of in a landfill are included. Additionally, the following materials are not included: a) Waste from natural disaster and disaster recovery such as flood, fire

24、, tornado, hurricane or other natural disaster b) Major C&D projects are calculated separately from C&D generated during daily operations. c) Inadvertent landfill disposal less than or equal to two (2) percent of total discarded material. d) wastewater (black and grey water) and its associated conte

25、nts. Note: Inadvertent landfill disposal may include material sent to landfill as a result of a traffic accident, a misdirected truck, or other cause for landfill disposal where the intended disposition was not followed and the material went to a landfill. 4.7 ENTITY The operation being evaluated to

26、 this standard based on defining factors such as location (fixed or variable), time (start and stop), and/or identifiable, discreet operating units (e.g., a fleet of delivery trucks). 4.8 MANDATED WASTE (m mandated) Mass of materials that are required by law, ordinance, or regulation to be disposed

27、of via energy recovery technology or landfill that is outside of the control of the generator and where other waste minimization options do not exist. (definition of “Flow Control” adapted from Supreme Court case No. 051345. Argued January 8, 2007Decided April 30, 2007 ) Mandated Waste does not incl

28、ude wastes subject to “Flow control” where an ordinance requires trash haulers to deliver solid waste to a particular waste processing facility. 4.9 MASS LANDFILLED (m landfill) Mass of material that has been disposed of in any type of landfill governed by local, regional or national government requ

29、irements. Including ADC unless considered acceptable ADC in 13.1. 4.10 MASS THERMALLY PROCESSED WITH ENERGY RECOVERY (m TWER) The mass of discarded materials sent for Thermal Processing with energy recovery. UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERM

30、ISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 7, 2018 UL 3600 7 4.11 MASS THERMALLY PROCESSED WITHOUT ENERGY RECOVERY (mThermal w/o) Total mass of solid waste that has been thermally processed in a facility that does not recover energy. 4.12 RECOVERED RECLAIMED MATERIAL A material is “reclaimed” if it is processed to re

31、cover a usable product, or if it is regenerated. Examples are recovery of lead values from spent batteries and regeneration of spent solvents. A material which would have been discarded if it had been used to create a useable product or regenerated. 4.13 RECYCLING (m recycle) Mass of recovered or re

32、claimed material sent for reprocessing into a raw material or input for downstream manufacturing processes. Mass of discarded materials being sent to recovery through Byproduct Synergies are also included in m recycle. 4.14 REDUCE (mreduce) Mass of material or product which is no longer discarded be

33、cause of changes in the methods, processes or materials used by the entity that avoid the generation of discarded materials. See Section 16 for details on calculating m reduce 4.15 REUSE (mreuse) Mass of material or product which employed in a particular function or application as an effective subst

34、itute for a new commercial product. Typically an object is designed to be reused multiple times for the same purpose. 4.16 Natural Material Materials which are generally carbon based and can be composted or anaerobically digested. Materials which can form part of the natural biologic nitrogen and ca

35、rbon cycles. 4.17 Primary Package A container in direct contact with and enclosing the product along with any required protective material(s). Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM D996-16, Standard Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor

36、 Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. 4.18 Technical Material Materials which are circulated naturally on geologic time scales and are typically refined or synthesized for use in products. UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 8 UL

37、3600 SEPTEMBER 7, 2018 5 List of Symbols and Meanings Site (entities) waste diversion Sreduce Discarded Material which is reduced rather that discarded as a percent of total discarded material Sreuse Percent material reused rather than discarded as a percent total discarded material Srecycle Percent

38、 material sent for recycling rather than being discarded. Sbyproduct Percent material send to another site to be used as a raw material for production of new product. Sbiochem Percent material sent for recovery of biochemicals rather than being discarded. Scomposting Percent of material sent to comp

39、osting rather than being discarded. Sanaerobic Percent of material sent for anaerobic digestion rather than being discarded. Sbiofuel Percent of material sent for use as a source material for biofuels rather than being discarded. Product Content Percent reused material in a product. Percent material

40、 in a product from recycled sources. Percent material in a product from closed cycled recycled sources. Percent material in a product from biobased sources. Sum of material from reused, recycled, closed cycle recycled and biobased sources in percent. Product Design Percent of material in a product d

41、esigned to be reused. Percent of material in a product designed to be recycled. Percent of material in a product designed to be closed cycle recycled. Percent of material in a product designed to be used as a source of biochemicals at end of life. Percent of material in a product designed to be comp

42、osted. Percent of material in a product designed to be anaerobicly digested. Sum of designed to be reused, recycled, closed cycle recycled, extracted for biochemicals, composted or anaerobily digested. Circularity Score Pcircularity the Product Circularity score calculated as an average between cont

43、ent and design scores. Scircularity Percent of discarded material from a site which is reused, reduced, recycled, sent for byproduct synergy, biochemical extraction, composting, anaerobic digestion or biofuel processing. 6 Measurement Methods 6.1 Circularity Facts for Sites 6.1.1 Defining scope 6.1.

44、1.1 Entities as defined in 7.1 of UL ECVP 2799, are used to define the boundaries for assessment of site waste diversion. An entity may be a combination of multiple discreet units UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 7,

45、2018 UL 3600 9 (e.g., multiple facilities, multiple vessels, etc.). All waste generated by the entity and all parts of the entity must be included in the claim. Specific requirements for different classes of entities as found in Sections 8 12 of UL ECVP 2799 must be followed. 6.1.2 Use of results fr

46、om UL ECVP 2799 6.1.2.1 Equation 1 of Section 13.1 of UL ECVP 2799, shall be used to calculate the Circularity Rate for entities (facilities, sites or operations). Individual entries of Table 1 are calculated as below. Table 1 Circularity Facts for Sites Technical Materials Circularity Circularity R

47、ate: Scircularity Reduce Sreduce = mreduce / ( (mdm) - mmandated) Reuse Sreuse = mreuse / ( mdm - mmandated) Recycle Srecycle = mrecycle / ( mdm - mmandated) Byproduct Synergy Sbyproduct = mbyproduct / ( mdm - mmandated) Biologic Materials Circularity Biochemical Feedstock Sbiochem = mbiochem / ( md

48、m - mmandated) Composting Scomposting = mCompost / ( mdm - mmandated) Anaerobic Digestion Sanaerobic = manaerobic / ( mdm - mmandated) Biofuels Sbiofuel = mBiofuel / ( mdm - mmandated) Special Materials Mandated Waste mmandated / mdm Linear Consumption Linear Consumption 100 Scircularity Mass Discarded Material (mdm) = m recycle + mcompost + m anaerobic + mreuse+ mreduce + mTWER + m biofuel + mmandated + mlandfill + mThermal w/o And Scircularity = (Sreduce + Sreuse + Srecycle + Sbyproduct + Sbiochem + Scomp