1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULOctober 28, 20091SUBJECT 45AOUTLINE OF INVESTIGATIONFORTRANSPORTABLE AND SPECIAL PURPOSE PORTABLE ELECTRIC TOOLSIssue Number: 4OCTOBER 28, 2009Summary of TopicsThis Fourth Issue of the Outline of
2、 Investigation for Transportable andSpecial Purpose Portable Electric Tools, which covers transportable andspecial purpose portable electric tools rated not more than 600 V, and notmore than 250 V for tools employing a universal motor, is being issuedto address universal upkeep of UL Standards for S
3、afety.COPYRIGHT 2009 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULOCTOBER 28, 2009SUBJECT 45A2No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSIO
4、N FROM ULCONTENTSINTRODUCTION1 Scope .72 Components 83 Units of Measurement .84 Undated References 85 Glossary .8CONSTRUCTION6 General 97 Frame and Enclosure 98 Mechanical Assembly 129 Protection Against Corrosion 1310 Power Supply Cords 1310.1 Cords and plugs .1310.2 Strain relief 1510.3 Bushings 1
5、611 Live Parts 1712 Internal Wiring 1713 Insulating Material 1914 Motors .2015 Switches and Controls .2016 Lampholders .2017 Thermal Cutoffs 2018 Capacitors .2119 Spacings 2120 Grounding .2321 Insulating Surfaces 23PROTECTION AGAINST INJURY TO PERSONS22 Scope .2523 Accessories and Attachments 2524 M
6、aterials .2625 Rotating Members 2626 Enclosures and Guards 2627 Switches and Controls .2728 Combination Tools 28PERFORMANCE29 General 2830 Loads for Tests .2931 Leakage Current Test .2932 Starting Current Test 3233 Current Input Test 3234 Temperature Test .3335 Dielectric Voltage Withstand Test .383
7、6 Leakage Current, Insulation Resistance, and Dielectric Voltage Withstand as a Result ofOCTOBER 28, 2009 SUBJECT 45A 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULMoisture Test 3937 Leakage Current Following Humidity Test 4438 Continuity o
8、f Grounding Connection Test 4439 Strain Relief Test .4440 Cord Flexing Test .4541 Pressure Pad Test 4642 Switch or Control Overload Test 4643 Electronic Components Test .4744 Burnout Test .4845 Resistance to Impact Test .4945.1 Brush cap .4945.2 Grounding-type tool 4945.3 Insulated handle .4945.4 In
9、jury to persons .50POLYMERIC ENCLOSURES46 General 5147 Polymeric Materials as Described in 47.1.1 47.5.9 5247.1 Oven conditioning test 5247.2 Mold-stress evaluation test 5347.3 Resistance to impact test 5347.4 Abnormal operation test .5447.5 Flame resistance test .5448 Polymeric Materials as Describ
10、ed in 48.1.1 48.9.3 5548.1 General .5548.2 Flame spread test 5548.3 Resistance to hot-wire ignition test .5648.4 Hot-wire ignition (HWI) abnormal overload test .5748.5 Spacings to enclosure 5948.6 Arc resistance test 6048.7 Overload test 6148.8 Impact test 6148.9 Oven conditioning test 62TESTS BY TH
11、E MANUFACTURER49 Dielectric Voltage Withstand Test .6250 Grounding Continuity Test .64RATING51 Details .64MARKING52 Details .6553 Permanency of Marking .6953.1 General .6953.2 Oven-aging test 6953.3 Immersion tests 7053.4 Standard atmosphere test .7054 Test for Permanence of Cord Tag 70OCTOBER 28, 2
12、009SUBJECT 45A4UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL54.1 General .7054.2 Test conditions .7054.3 Test method .71INSTRUCTIONS55 Instruction Manual 7156 Important Safety Instructions .72DOUBLE-INSULATED TOOLS57 Scope .7758 Constructio
13、n .7858.1 Glossary 7858.2 General .8058.3 Accessibility of live parts 8258.4 Flexible cord .8358.5 Attachment plug 8458.6 Internal wiring 8458.7 Capacitors .8658.8 Brush caps 8658.9 Commutators and armature end turns 8658.10 Switches .8758.11 Brush holders .8758.12 Spacings .8859 Performance .8959.1
14、 Dielectric voltage withstand test 8959.2 Leakage current test 9059.3 Normal operation test .9159.4 Insulation resistance test 9259.5 Resistance to impact test 9259.6 Resistance to heat test .9559.7 Overload test 9559.8 Armature investigation test .10159.9 Leakage current following humidity test 104
15、60 Tests by the Manufacturer 10461 Markings .106ACCESSORIES AND ATTACHMENTS62 Scope 10763 Construction 10763.1 General 10763.2 Materials .10864 Performance 10864.1 Impact testing 10864.2 Sharp edges and projections .11064.3 Rotating members .11064.4 Stability 11165 Marking 11266 Instructions .11366.
16、1 General 11366.2 All accessories and attachments 114OCTOBER 28, 2009 SUBJECT 45A 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL66.3 Specific accessories .114BATTERY OPERATED TOOLSINTRODUCTION67 General 11468 Glossary 11569 Switches 115CONS
17、TRUCTION70 Battery Enclosure 11571 Batteries, Battery Leads, and Connectors .11672 Spacings .11673 Internal Wiring .11874 Battery Charger .118PERFORMANCE75 Charging Input Test 11876 Crush Test 11977 Temperature Test 11978 Dielectric Voltage Withstand Test .12079 Abnormal Operation Tests 12080 Switch
18、 Tests 12180.1 General 12180.2 Overload .12180.3 Endurance .121APPENDIX AStandards for ComponentsA1OCTOBER 28, 2009SUBJECT 45A6UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULINTRODUCTION1 Scope1.1 These requirements cover transportable and sp
19、ecial purpose portable electric tools rated not morethan 600 V (at not more than 250 V if the tool employs a universal motor), for use in accordance with theNational Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70.1.2 In addition these requirements cover accessories and attachments for use with transportable andspeci
20、al purpose portable electric tools. Specific requirements are outlined in Sections 62 66.1.3 These requirements do not cover fixed or stationary electric tools, flexible-shaft tools, gardeningappliances, garage equipment, soldering irons or guns, painting equipment, floor-finishing machines, orother
21、 equipment covered by individual requirements.1.4 These requirements cover double-insulated transportable and special purpose portable electric tools.Specific requirements are given in Sections 57 61.1.5 For the purpose of these requirements, tools are classified into two groups:a) A general-use too
22、l is considered to be a tool (usually employing a universal motor) thatordinarily is subject to a wide fluctuation of load;b) A special-use tool is considered to be a tool intended for a particular operation not involvinga wide variation of load.1.6 These requirements cover an accessory and an attac
23、hment:a) Recommended by the manufacturer;b) Referred to in the instruction manual for a tool; orc) Packed with a tool.1.7 These requirements do not cover accessories or attachments that:a) Are not provided with the tool; andb) Are not identified by catalog number or equivalent product designation in
24、 the instructionmanual for the tool.These requirements do not cover accessories or attachments mentioned in minicatalogs or flyers even ifthe catalog or flyer is provided with the tool.OCTOBER 28, 2009 SUBJECT 45A 7UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOU
25、T PERMISSION FROM UL2 Components2.1 Except as indicated in 2.2, a component of a product covered by this outline shall comply with therequirements for that component. See Appendix A for a list of standards covering components generallyused in the products covered by this outline.2.2 A component is n
26、ot required to comply with a specific requirement that:a) Involves a feature or characteristic not required in the application of the component in theproduct covered by this outline, orb) Is superseded by a requirement in this outline.2.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating estab
27、lished for the intended conditions ofuse.2.4 Specific components are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities.Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures notexceeding specified limits, and shall be used only un
28、der those specific conditions.3 Units of Measurement3.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory orapproximate information.4 Undated References4.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this outline shall beint
29、erpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.5 Glossary5.1 In the following text, a requirement that applies only to a specific type or types of tools is so identifiedby a specific reference in the requirement to the type or types of equipment involved. Absence of suchspecifi
30、c reference or use of the term tool indicates that the requirement applies to all of the types ofequipment covered by this outline unless the context indicates otherwise.5.2 For the purposes of this outline a hand-held, hand supported, or transportable tool is denoted by theterm tool.5.3 For the pur
31、pose of these requirements the following definitions apply.5.4 ATTACHMENT A device attached to the housing or other component of the tool and may or maynot attach to the spindle. Attachments include tables to convert hand held tools to bench mountedtypes; for example, a router table.5.5 ACCESSORY A
32、device that is attached only to the spindle of the tool.5.6 FIXED (STATIONARY) TOOL A tool for which the workpiece is moved to the tool in order toperform an operation.OCTOBER 28, 2009SUBJECT 45A8UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM U
33、L5.7 SPECIAL PURPOSE PORTABLE TOOL A tool that is moved to the workpiece in order toperform the function for which it is intended and then removed. Generally, a special purpose portabletool is hand held or hand supported.5.8 TRANSPORTABLE TOOL A tool such as diamond core drills, drain cleaners, magn
34、etic drillspresses, pipe threaders, and pipe benders that is not hand supported during use and which is intendedto be taken to the work piece to perform its intended function.CONSTRUCTION6 General6.1 A tool shall employ materials throughout that are acceptable for the particular use.7 Frame and Encl
35、osure7.1 A tool shall be so formed and assembled that it will have the strength and rigidity necessary to resistthe abuses to which it is likely to be subjected, without increasing the risk of fire, electric shock, or injuryto persons due to total or partial collapse with resulting reduction of spac
36、ings, loosening or displacementof parts, or other serious defects.7.2 The minimum thickness of cast metal shall be in accordance with Table 7.1.Table 7.1Minimum thicknesses of cast metalAt surfaces that are reinforced by curving,ribbing, or the like (or are otherwise of ashape and/or size to provide
37、 acceptablephysical strength), At unreinforced flat surfaces,Metal inch (mm) inch (mm)Die-cast metal 3/64 (1.2) 5/64 (2.0)Cast malleable iron 1/16 (1.6) 3/32 (2.4)Other cast metal 3/32 (2.4) 1/8 (3.2)7.3 An enclosure of sheet metal is to be considered with respect to its size, shape, thickness of me
38、tal,and its acceptability for the particular application, including the intended use of the complete tool.7.4 Among the factors taken into consideration when determining the acceptability of a nonmetallicenclosure or an enclosure of magnesium is each of the following items:a) Mechanical strength;b)
39、Resistance to impact;c) Moisture-absorptive properties;d) Combustibility;e) Resistance to distortion at temperatures to which the material may be subjected underconditions of intended use and reasonably foreseeable abuse;f) Resistance to arcing.OCTOBER 28, 2009 SUBJECT 45A 9UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL N
40、OT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL7.5 Electrical parts of a tool shall be so located or enclosed that protection against unintentional contactwith uninsulated live parts will be provided. Insulated brush caps do not require additional enclosure.7.6 With
41、reference to the requirement in 7.5, an opening in the enclosure of a tool that is hand-supportedduring intended use is acceptable if a probe, as illustrated in Figure 7.1, having a diameter of 3/8 in (9.5mm) cannot be made to touch any uninsulated live part or film-coated wire when inserted through
42、 theopening. An opening in the enclosure of any other tool is acceptable in accordance with the following:a) An opening that will admit a 3/4 in (19.1 mm) diameter rod is acceptable if there is nouninsulated live part or film-coated wires in the space indicated in the illustration in Figure 7.2.b) A
43、n opening that will not admit a 3/4 in (19.1 mm) diameter rod is acceptable if:1) A probe as illustrated in Figure 7.1 having a diameter of 1/2 in (12.7 mm) cannot bemade to touch film-coated wire when inserted through the opening; and2) A probe as illustrated in Figure 7.3 cannot be made to touch a
44、ny uninsulated livepart when inserted through the opening.This is generated text for figtxt.Figure 7.1Probe for film-coated wireOCTOBER 28, 2009SUBJECT 45A10UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULFigure 7.2Opening in enclosureProporti
45、ons exaggerated for clarityFigure 7.3Probe for uninsulated live partOCTOBER 28, 2009 SUBJECT 45A 11UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL7.7 An opening that has a minor dimension of 1 in (25.4 mm) or more in an enclosure as illustrat
46、ed inFigure 7.2 is acceptable if, within the enclosure, there is no uninsulated live part or film-coated wire lessthan:a) R distance from the inside edge of the perimeter of the opening; andb) X distance from the plane of the opening.T equals the enclosure thickness, R equals X minus T, and X equals
47、 five times the diameter of the largestround rod that can be inserted through the opening but not less than 6-1/16 in (154 mm). In evaluating anopening, any barrier located within the volume is to be ignored unless it intersects the boundaries of thevolume in a continuous, closed line.7.8 During exa
48、mination of a tool in connection with 7.6, a part of the outer enclosure that is intended tobe removed, without the use of tools, by the user of the tool (for the attachment of accessories, accessto means for making operating adjustments, or other reasons) is to be disregarded that is, such a partis
49、 not considered to reduce the risk of electric shock.7.9 The enclosure of a tool or of a control unit or auxiliary component, such as a rheostat or a rectifier,that is not integral with the tool proper shall exclude foreign matter abrasive or electrically conductiveparticles and the like likely to be present during operation that might adversely affect electrical insulationor otherwise result in risk of fire, electric shock, or injury to persons.8 Mechanical Assembly8.1 A tool shall be so assembled that it will not be affected adversely by the vibratio
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