2019届中考英语复习第一篇语言基础知识第18课九年级Units7_8基础知识.docx

1、1第 18课 九年级 Units 78课前预热中考词汇拓展重点易错单词1. smoke 冒烟；吸烟2. part-time 兼职的3. tiny 极小的4. field 田野；场地5. lift 举起；电梯6. teen 青少年7. poem 诗8. community 社区9. chance 机会10. manage 完成（困难的事）11. support 支持12. enter 进来；进去13. whose 谁的14. truck 卡车15. rabbit 兔；野兔16. picnic 野餐17. anybody 任何人18. coat 外套19. sleepy 困倦的20. circle

2、 圆圈；圈出21. receive 接受；收到22. land 着陆；降落23. purpose 目的；目标24. prevent 阻止；阻挠25. position 位置；地方26. victory 胜利；成功27. enemy 敌人词汇拓展1. safe（adj.） safely （adv.）安全地 safety （n.）安全；安全性2. regret（v. & n.） regretted （过去8. value（v. & n.） valuable （adj.）贵重的；很有用的；宝贵的9. noise（n.） noisy （adj.）吵闹的2式/过去分词）感到遗憾；懊悔 regrettin

3、g （现在分词） regretful （adj.）后悔的3. educate（v. ） educated （过去式/过去分词）教育；教导 education （n.）教育 educational （adj.）教育的；有教育意义的4. manage（v.） manager （n.）经理；经营者5. society（n.） social （adj.）社会的6. choose（v. ） choice （n.）选择；挑选 chose （过去式） chosen （过去分词）选择；选出7. energy（n.） energetic （adj.）精力充沛的；充满活力的10. wolf（n.） wolves

4、（pl.）狼11. sleep（v.） sleepy （adj.）困倦的；瞌睡的 asleep （adj.）睡着的12. express（v.） expression （n.）词语；表达方式；表达13. Britain（n.） British （adj.）英国的；英国人的14. lead（v.） led （过去式/过去分词）领导；引导 leading （现在分词） leader （n.）领导；领袖15. medicine（n.） medicines （pl.）药品 medical （adj.）医疗的；医学的16. policeman（n.） policemen （pl.）男警察17. badl

5、y（adv.） bad （adj.）坏的；糟的 worse （比较级）更差的（地） worst （最高级）最差的（地）中考词组短语3词 组1. regret talking back后悔顶嘴2. get in the way of. 挡的路3. not only.but also. 不但而且4. get ones drivers license获得驾照5. no way不行6. sixteen-year-olds 16岁的青少年7. be worried about your safety担心你的安全8. get ones ears pierced穿耳洞9. stop doing sth. 停

6、止做某事10. be excited about. 对感到兴奋11. stay by my side待在我旁边12. run through the field在田间奔跑13. keep.away from. 使远离14. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事15. pass the test通过考试16. fail a math test数学考试不及格17. take the test later参加补考18. as much as possible尽可能多地19. have nothing against sth./doing sth. 不反对（做）某事21. disagree

7、 with不赞同22. be kept off被关掉23. teenagers under eighteen 18岁以下的青少年24. belong to属于25. at the picnic在野餐时26. the rest of. 剩余的27. pick sth. up把某物捡起来28. something unusual一些不寻常的事29. run away逃跑30. have fun doing. 做有乐趣31. make noise发出噪音32. feel sleepy感到困倦33. run after追赶34. run to catch a bus跑去赶车35. one of its

8、 greatest mysteries它最大的神秘之一36. communicate with. 与交流37. point out提出38. feel sb./sth. do. 感觉某人/某物做420. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 39. over a long period of time在很长的一段时期内40. talk to sb. on the phone在电话上与某人交谈中考句型回顾书面表达素材 客观评价和合理抉择I think I should be allowed to make this choice myself.我认为应该被允许自己做这个选择。

9、I understand this, but Im serious about running. 我理解这一点，但我对跑步是认真的。Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions .父母应该给青少年自己做决定的机会。Their parents believe that they should be educated to take care of themselves from a young age. 他们的父母认为他们应该从小被教育自己照顾自己。Parents should not be too stric

10、t with teenagers. 父母不应该对青少年要求太严格。Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.只有那时我才有机会实现我的梦想。语法精萃 I dont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.5我认为 16岁的青少年不应被允许开车。 （含情态动词的被动语态）It must be hers. It has her name on it.这一定是她的。上面有她的名字。 （must 表肯定推测）Im not sure. It could/might belong to

11、 him. 我不确定。这可能属于他。 （could/might 表不确定的推测）The man cant be Mr. Green. He has gone to England.这人不可能是格林先生。他已经去英国了。 （cant 表否定推测）课堂突破中考重点单词与短语一、allow 的用法【例句展示】1. My parents allow me to see films with my friends on weekends.我的父母允许我周末与朋友去看电影。2. In our school, boys are not allowed to have long hair.在我们学校，男生不允

12、许留长发。【精讲辨析】1. allow作动词，意为“允许” 。2. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。3. be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事。6【活学活用】用 allow的适当形式填空。1. My parents_ me to stay out before 10:00 p.m. at weekends.You are lucky. I must be back home at 9:00 p.m.2. I think teenagers should_ choose their own clothes.二、pick up 的用法【例句展示】1. Wo

13、uld you mind picking it up?你介意把它捡起来吗？2. Could you pick me up at the station?你能在车站捎上我吗？【精讲辨析】pick up为“动词+副词”型短语，代词作宾语时应放两词中间，意为“拾起；捡起；中途载客；收拾；整理”等。【活学活用】用适当的词填空。Karin saw some waste paper. She it and threw it into the dustbin.三、get sth. done 的用法【例句展示】Anna wants to get her ears pierced. 安娜想去打耳洞。7【精讲辨析

14、】1. “get+宾语+v.-ed”表示“使被” ，可以自己做，也可请别人帮忙。其中 v.-ed为过去分词作宾语补足语，和宾语之间为被动关系。如：Youd better go and get your hair cut. Its too long.你最好去把头发剪一下，太长了。Theres something wrong with my computer. Ill get it fixed.我的电脑出毛病了。我得请人修一下。2. get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事，相当于 have sb. do sth.。如：The boss always gets the workers t

15、o work day and night. 老板总是让工人们夜以继日地工作。Ill have a worker water the plants this afternoon.我今天下午要找人给这些植物浇水。【活学活用】用适当的词填空。Theres something wrong with the alarm clock. I think it needs_.Well, Ill_ someone to mend it.=Well, Ill get it_.四、in the way 的用法【例句展示】1. Im afraid your bike is in the way.恐怕你的自行车挡道了。

16、82. But sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork.但有时，这些业余爱好会妨碍学业【精讲辨析】1. 通过例句 1我们知道，in the way意为“挡道” ；通过例句 2我们知道，get in the way of.意为“挡的路；妨碍” 。2. 由 way构成的其他常见短语：on the/ones way to sp.在（某人）去某地的路上；by the way顺便提一下，附带说说；in a way 在某种程度上；in some ways 在某些方面。【活学活用】用 way的相关短语填空。1._, what is y

17、our favorite color?2. I saw a car accident_ to school.3. Your bag is_. Please move it.五、regret 的用法【例句展示】1. I regret talking back, not listening to Mom.我懊悔（跟妈妈）顶嘴，不听妈妈的话。2. If you dont do it now, youll only regret it.如果你现在不做，你一定会后悔的。3. I deeply regret what I said.我非常后悔说了那些话。4. I regret telling her wh

18、at I thought.9我为告诉她我的想法而后悔。5. I regret to have to do it, but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须做它，但我别无选择。6. She expressed her regret at/over the decision.她对这个决定表示懊悔。【精讲辨析】1. regret作及物动词，意为“遗憾；惋惜；懊悔” ，其后可接名词、代词、that/what 引导的从句、动词-ing 形式或动词不定式作宾语。regret doing sth. 对做过的事感到遗憾、后悔（已做） ；regret to do sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾（未做

19、） 。2. regret还可作名词，意为“痛惜；懊悔；遗憾” 。【活学活用】用 regret的适当形式填空。He really_ not helping him yesterday.六、现在分词（v.-ing）作后置定语的用法【例句展示】1. When I was a tiny baby crying all night, my mom sang to me and stayed by my side.当我是一个整夜哭闹的小婴儿时，妈妈为我唱歌，并陪伴在我身边。2. Do you know the boy riding a bike?你认识那个骑自行车的男孩吗？3. The lady stan

20、ding by the window is my English teacher.站在窗户边的那位女士是我的英语老师。10【精讲辨析】例句中的 crying, riding, standing为现在分词作后置定语。【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空。Whos the boy in a white T-shirt_（stand） under the tree?My friend.中考重点句型一、.should be allowed to. 应该被允许【例句展示】1. Linda is allowed to go out with her friends.琳达可以跟她朋友们一同外出。2. Stud

21、ents should be allowed to have part-time jobs.学生应该被允许有兼职工作。【归纳提高】1. 概念：语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。语态分为主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态以动作的执行者充当句子的主语，被动语态则以动作的承受者充当主语。例句 1中的 is allowed是动词的被动语态形式，表示“被允许” 。例句 2中的 should be allowed是含有情态动词的被动语态形式。2. 被动语态结构如下：肯定句式：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词否定句式：主语+be+not+及物动词的过去分词113. 含有情态动词的被动语态结构如下：

22、肯定句式：主语+情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词否定句式：主语+情态动词+not+be+及物动词的过去分词【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空。Waste paper shouldnt_（throw） everywhere. Its our duty to keep the school clean.二、It must belong to Carla. 这一定属于卡拉。【例句展示】1. The hair band belongs to Grace.这根发带属于格蕾丝。2. The red bicycle is my aunts.这辆红色的自行车是我阿姨的。【归纳提高】belong作动词，意为“

23、属于” 。belong to sb.=be sb.s。belong to没有被动语态，后面不能跟物主代词和名词所有格。【活学活用】A）句型转换。1. The basket belongs to David. （改为同义句）The basket is_.12B）用适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。2. Do you know_ this dictionary belongs to?Let me see. Oh, its_（I）. 三、There be sb./sth. doing sth.+sp.某地有某人/物在【例句展示】There must be something visiting the

24、 homes in our neighborhood, but what is it?一定有什么东西来过社区，但那究竟是什么呢？【归纳提高】1. 本句是 there be结构的特殊形式，即 There is（are）+名词（人或物）+doing sth.+地点，意为“某处有某人/物正在做某事” 。如：There is a boy playing basketball on the playground.操场上有个男孩正在打篮球。2. there be结构的另一种特殊形式：There is（are）+名词+to do sth.。如：There is a chance to visit Beiji

25、ng next week.下周有一次去北京游玩的机会。（动词不定式短语在句中作定语修饰名词 chance）3. There be sth. done某事被做。如：There was some money stolen last night.昨晚一些钱被盗了。4. must在例句中表示推测、猜测，意为“必定；肯定” 。13用在 there be结构中表示“肯定有” 。如：There must be some boys in the classroom.教室里肯定有些男孩子。【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空。1. There is a dog_（lie） under the tree.2. Hu

26、rry up!There is no time_（think）.3. There are many people_（kill） in traffic accidents every year.中考词语辨析一、go on doing sth., go on to do sth.与 go on with sth.【例句展示】1. Dont stop, go on doing your homework.不要停，继续做作业。2. After finishing his homework, he went on to play computer games.在完成作业以后，他接着去玩电脑游戏。3. A

27、fter drinking some water, Jim went on with his speech.喝了一些水后，吉姆继续他的演讲。【辨异突破】1. go on doing sth.意为“继续做某事” ，指不间断地做一件事。2. go on to do sth.意为“接着做另一件事” ，指前后做的不是同一件事。143. go on with sth.意为“继续做某事” ，指前后做的是同一件事，但中间稍有停顿。【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Though he was very tired, he went on_（walk） without having a rest.2.

28、When the farmers finished picking the apples, they went on_（put） the apples into the trucks.二、may, might, can, could, must 与 cant【例句展示】1. He may know.他可能知道。2. The French book might be Kathys. She studiesFrench.这本法语书可能是凯西的。她学法语。3. Its true that some ads can be very useful.有些广告可能非常有用，这是真的。4. He could

29、be running for exercise.他可能正在跑步锻炼。5. The notebook must be Mings. It has her name on it.这本笔记本一定是明的。上面有她的名字。6. The T-shirt cant be Johns. Its much too small for him.这件 T恤不可能是约翰的。它对他来说太小了。15【辨异突破】may/might表示现在或将来的可能性，意为“可能” ，而 might表示更加怀疑和不肯定；could表示可能推测，意为“可能” ；must 表示肯定推测，意为“一定是；肯定是” ，只用在肯定句中；can 表示可

30、能性，常用于否定句或疑问句；cant 表示否定推测，意为“不可能是” 。【活学活用】用适当的词填空。1. Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Ms. King in her office.Morning. You_ be Mr. Jones. This way, please.2. I think the man over there must be Bob.It_ be him. He has_ to Australia.3. Our teacher_ be in the office. But Im not sure.三、attend, jo

31、in 与 take part in【例句展示】1. I attended his wedding.我参加了他的婚礼。2. She joined the Young Pioneers.她加入了少先队。3. Well take part in social practice during the summer vacation.暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。【辨异突破】1. attend指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，去上课、上学、听报告等。162. join指加入某个党派、团体组织等，并成为其中的一员，如参军、入团、入党等。3. take part in指参加群众性活动，如某种活动、运动或比赛等，并

32、在其中发挥积极作用。【活学活用】用 attend, join或 take part in填空。1. Did you_ the meeting yesterday?2. I want to_ the English club.3. Our school will hold a sports meeting. Will you_it?四、point out, point at 与 point to【例句展示】1. Will you please point out the man who saved the boys life?请你指出那个救男孩生命的人好吗？2. Dont point at th

33、e words while you are reading.读书时不要用手指着字。3. He pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said, “Thats my home.”他指着河对岸的房子说：“那是我家。 ”【辨异突破】1. point out意为“指出” ，out 是副词，表示给某人指出方向、要点或错误等。2. point at意为“指着” ，at 是介词，着重于指的对象，指向离说话人较近的人或事物。3. point to意为“指向” ，to 也是介词，着重于指的方向，指向离说话人较远的人或事物。17【活学活用】

34、用 out, at或 to填空。Dont point_ anyone with your chopsticks.中考写作突破感恩篇【话题解读】命题者常以感恩这一话题设题，内容包括感恩亲人、老师、朋友、同学等，此类试题常以要点提示的方式来考查，常用一般现在或一般过去时态。【常见表达】1. I want to say thanks to my mother who looks after me so well.2. Never fail to be thankful to the people around you.3. Im thankful for what my English teache

35、r has done for me.4. With Mr. Wents help my English level has improved.5. Without her help I cant have made such great progress.【典型例题】（丽水中考）在英语课上，老师组织了以“感恩”为主题的小组交流活动，请根据活动记录写一篇英语发言稿。Whom Why HowNancy grandma look after spend time withSam English teacher help say thanks18注意：（1）内容必须包含表格中的提示信息，并从“whom

36、” ， “why”以及“how”等三个方面补充说明你自己的情况；（2）文中不能出现真实的校名、姓名等信息；（3）词数：80100。所给的文章开头仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。Hello, everyone!Im glad to share our opinions about thanksgiving with you._【范文展示】Hello, everyone!Im glad to share our opinions about thanksgiving with you.Nancy loves her grandmother who looks after her very well.

37、She says she will spend more time with her. She thinks each day they live in love is the best present. Sam wants to say thanks to his English teacher. She always helps him.As for me, Im lucky to have the friendLucy. “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” When I feel sad, she a

38、lways tries her best to make me laugh. We share everything with each other. I want to give her a photo album. I hope good memories make her happy forever!【亮点点评】1. 本文要点齐全，尤其是从 whom, why, how等方面补充说明自己的情况比较全面。2. 定语从句 .grandmother who looks after her very well和宾语从句 She thinks each day.的运用使文章增色不少。19当堂检测一

39、、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Smoking isnt_（allow） in public.2. Jerry didnt go to school today. Because he fell off the bike, and his leg was hurt_（bad） yesterday.3. The_（medicine） level in the city is better than that in the countryside. So many people go to the city to see a doctor.4. It is said that the moon_（

40、circle） the earth every 28 days.5. He is afraid of_（wolf）.6. Shaoxing_（receive） more and more visitors every year.7. I_（regret） not telling him the truth yesterday.8. In most western_（society）, children dont live with their parents.9. He_（manage） to finish the difficult task, but failed.10. You shou

41、ld give up_（smoke） because its bad for your health.二、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。attend sleep somebody coat policeman 1. I felt very_ because I didnt go to bed until 11 oclock last night.2. I dont know_ at the party.3. The boys want to be_ when they grow up.4. We need to put on our_ in winter.5. He arrive

42、d on time and_ the meeting.20三、根据短文内容和所给汉语提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。There was a school meeting in our school yesterday. All the students, the teachers, the 1 （领导） and even the workers 2 （参加） the meeting. The 3 （目的） of the meeting was to tell us we should care about others and be thankful to those who

43、help us.At the meeting, we saw “59 smiles” on a womanteachers smartphone. These smiles showed peoples care and love for others, which is becoming 4 （宝贵的） in our 5 （社会）. At the same time, she also wanted to 6 （表达） her thanks to those who have helped her.She said those smiles were taken from 59 people

44、 who offered their seats on buses. Some of the smiles were shy, some were friendly, while others were like sunshine. No matter what kinds of smiles they were, they all gave us7 （能量）. No matter 8 （谁的） smiles they were, they helped to 9 （阻止） quarrels and coldness. Through them, we could also imagine h

45、ow happy and thankful the people who accepted the seats felt. I think 10 （任何人） that took part in the meeting can learn a lot from “59 smiles”.21参考答案课堂突破【中考重点单词与短语】 一、1. allow 2. be allowed to二、picked, up三、mending, get, mended四、1. By the way 2. on the way 3. in the way五、regretted六、standing【中考重点句型】 一、

46、be thrown二、1. Davids 2. who/whom, mine 三、1. lying 2. to think 3. killed【中考词语辨析】 一、1. walking 2. to put二、1. must 2. cant, gone 3. may三、1. attend 2. join 3. take part in四、at当堂检测一、1. allowed 2. badly 3. medical 4. circles5. wolves 6. receives 7. regretted 8. 22societies9. managed 10. smoking 二、1. sleepy 2. anybody 3. policemen 4. coats5. attended三、1. leaders 2. attended 3. purpose 4. valuable5. society 6. express 7. energy 8. whose 9. prevent 10. anyone/anybody