（通用版）2019中考英语二轮复习介词讲义.doc

1、1介词学员姓名： 年级：九年级 辅导科目：英 语 学科教师： 授课日期 授课时段 08：00-10:00授课主题 介词专项教学内容课前回顾1.单词默写2.作业讲解知识梳理知识点一、方位介词：1. at、 in 和 on 的用法区别：at 表示较小的地点。 at the bus stop at home in 表示较大的地方 in China in the world on 表两物体接触。 There is a plate on the table.或表示在一个平面上 on the farm over above 和 on 的用法 over 指在正上方表垂直在上。 There is a brid

2、ge over the river.above 指在上方属于斜上方 Raise your arms above your head. 2、in front of 和 in the front of in front of 表“在之前”范围外 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表“在的前部”范围内 Our teacher usually sits in the front of the classroom. 3、in 、to 和 on 2in 表示在某一地区的某方位属于某范围 A in B to 表示某

3、一地区之外的某方位不属于该范围 A to B on 表示两地有地方相接 A on B Beijing is in the north of China. Japan is to the east of China. Korea is on the east of China.知识点二、时间介词at、in 和 on at 表具体的时间点：at one oclock、at noon、at night in 表世纪、年、季、月、星期：in the 1980s、in 2008 、in spring ，还可以表示某一天的某个部分。 in the morning/afternoon/evening 【例】

4、36. The artist became well known _ . A) in his thirties B) of thirty C) about thirty D) the thirtiethon 表具体某一天或具体某一天的上午：on a cold morning on Teachers Day. 【例】32. Shenzhou VII was launched September 25, 2008.A) at B) during C) in D) on注意在含有 this that 、next、 last 、tomorrow、 yesterday 等词或词组前不用介词。 【afte

5、r 和 in】 表示“时间”时的区别 ：in 和 after 表示时间时都是“在以后”的意思。in 表示从现在算起到若干时间以后用于一般将来时、过去将来时。 3Hell come back in a week. after 表示从过去算起到若干时间以后用于一般过去时. He came back after a few days. 【辨析】in 只可接时间段，after 除接时间段以外还可接时间点。表示在将来某个时间后。【例】35. The plane will take off three hours. I must get to the airport at once.（2012闵行一模）A

6、) at B)in C)on D)by注意：until 和 by 的区别1、by 意为“不迟于某时间”其前多用结束性动词。 We can finish the work by the end of this month. ；2、until 用于否定句中意为“直到才”其前的谓语动词多用结束性的用在肯定句中意为“直到为止”其前谓语动词须用延续性动词。 I didnt go to bed until my mother came home. I waited for my mother until she came home.巩固练习1. You can always see people exer

7、cise in that park, even _ cold winter mornings.A) on B) in C) at D) from2. She told me they arrived in Shanghai _the evening of October 20th.A. on B. in C. to D. at 源:3. Our family celebrated Thanksgiving Day _ November 28th, 2014.A. for B. at C. in D. on4. The English teachers had a special trainin

8、g session _ Sunday mornings.A) in B) to C) on D) at5. The opening cerem ony of Wulong International Kite Flying Festival was held _ the morning of April 4, 2015 in Chongqing.A) at B) in C) on D) by6. The little boy wants to know which animals come out for food only_ night.A) for B) at C)on D)in A A

9、D C C B4【易混知识】 1. between 和 among 的区别between 常指 “在两者之间” 。among 用于指“在三者或三者以上的人或物之间” 。如强调三者以上的人或事物之间也可用 between. 如：Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. Miss Wang stands among her students. You shouldnt eat between meals. 2. across 和 through 的区别两者都用于表示“穿过越过” 。across 含有“从表面穿过”之意或沿某一条线的方向而进行的动作。through 含有“从

10、中间穿过”之意。表示游渡 乘船过海或河时用 across. He can swim across the river. She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son. 3. in with 和 by 表示“用”时的区别in 主要表示 “用语言、声音等”with 表示“用具体有形的东西”by表示“用手段或方式”后常接动名词。 Can you sing this song in English ？I write my homework with a pen. The girl made money by selling fl

11、owers. 【例】1. Finally the Greeks managed to capture the city of Troy_a trick in one night.A) with B)on C)by D)forC4. but、besides 和 except 的区别but 表示 “除之外”常与有否定意义的词连用。当 but 前有动词 do时 but 后接动词原形 except 所带的人或物前面常有 all every any on 及其他复合词但在否定句中 except 却没有排斥性 besides 表示“除之外还有”它的意义是在原来的基础上加上 besides 除外的人或物其前

12、常有other another other any other a few 等词。 We can do nothing but wait.除了等我们什么也做不了。 All the students go to the zoo except Jim. 除了 Jim 所有的学生都去动物园了。 I have a few good friends besides you. 除了你之外我还有几个好朋友。5. by in 和 on 表旅行方式by: 不涉及交通工具的名词时用：by sea 、by air5涉及交通工具的名词用单数用前面不加冠词或任何修饰语，如 by ship by plane。 当旅行方式

13、涉及确定特指的交通工具时用 on 或 in 名词前应有冠词物主代词指示代词等修饰语。在开放或半封闭型工具前用 on 在封闭型工具前用 in。如 on my bike in a car. 巩固练习1. Were doing much better_ English _ our teachers help. A. in at B. at in C. in with D. with with 2. Its very nice_ you to get me two tickets _the World Cup. A. for of B. of for C. to for D. of to 3. Wit

14、h the development of transportation, its convenient to go anywhere in Shanghai _underground.A) in B)by C)with D)onC B B知识点三：介词固定短语1.put+介词put down 镇压,写下来put forward 提出,提前,提供 put off 推迟,延期,打消,关上put on 穿上,上演put out 扑灭,关灯,生产,出版put up 张贴,留某人过夜,建造put into use 投入使用put ones heart into 全心全意投入2.look+介词look a

15、bout around(1) 环顾四周。(2) 随便看，到处看。(3) 到处寻找。 (4) 仔细考虑。look after 照顾，照料，关心。look at (1) 看，注视。看待。(3) 考虑(多用于含有否定意义的句子)。 (4) 检查。6look back (1) 回顾，回想。 (2) 停滞，畏缩，倒退(通常用于否定句)。look down on upon 看不起，瞧不起look for (1) 寻找。 。(2) 期待，指望。look forward to 期待，盼望。 。注：该结构中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，所以其后接动词时要用动名词，而不用动词原形。 look into 调查，

16、研究，了解。look like(1) 看起来象。(2) 好象要，似乎要look out(1) 向外看。 。(2) 注意，当心，小心。 。(3) 找出，挑选出。look through 翻阅，浏览。look up (1) 查阅，查找。 (2) 看望，拜访，找(人)。 (3) 好转。look up to 尊敬。3.get+介词get up 起身；站起 get back 返回，回去，回家get to 到达 get into 进入；陷入；养成（习惯） ；对感兴趣get off 从下来；下车（船、飞机等） get on 上车（船、飞机等） get close to 接近；靠近 get in touch

17、with 与取得联系 get ready for 为做准备 get along / on well with sb./sth.与某人相处融洽；某事进展顺利4.go+介词go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，干吧 go to the cinema 看电影go go bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺) 7go to school (college) 上学(上大学)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病 go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼 give back 归还，送回 give out 分发 give up 停止，放弃 give sb. a han

18、d 助某人一臂之力 give sb. a call 给打电话 give a lecture (a piano concert) 作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会) give lessons to 给上课 give sb. a chance 给一次机会 give a message to 给一个口信 give sb. sth. or give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 return sth. to sb.= give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人 give some suggestions 提建议 5.take+介词take ones advice 听从某人劝告 tak e

19、 place 发生 take ones place 坐的座位，代替某人职务 take (an active) part in (积极)参加(活动 take photos 拍照take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车，火车知识点 4：常见短语中介词的搭配I 形容词+介词：be afraid of 害怕某事做某事be angry with sb. 生某人的气be bad for 对 有害be famous for 因而著名be famous as 作为而出名be fond of 爱好be next to 紧挨着，接近be poor at 对比较差be proud of 为感到自豪

20、8II 常用介词短语：III 动词词组：be busy with sth. 忙于做某事be careful with 小心be difficult from 与不同be familiar with 与熟悉be full of 充满be good to 对友善be good at 擅长be late for 迟到be ready for 为做好了准备be surprised at 对感到惊奇be thankful to sb. for sth. 因感谢某人at first 起先，开始时at home 在家at last 最后，终于at least 至少at present 目前at once 马

21、上at school 在学校at the moment 此刻，目前at the same time 同时on business 因公出差on board 在船上on duty 值班on foot 步行on holiday 在度假ones way（to）在去的路上on show 上演on the air 在播送on time 准时by air mail 寄航空信件by and by 不久以后by bus/air 乘公共汽车飞机by day 在日间by night 在晚间by oneself 亲自by phone 打电话by ship/train 乘船火车by the way 顺便说（问）一下fo

22、r a while 暂时，片刻for example 例如for good 永远for the first time 第一次for the time being 暂时，眼下from day to day 一天一天地from door to door 挨家挨户from then on 从那时起fr om time to time 不时地in a hurry 匆忙地in a minute 一会儿in a word 简言之in addition 另外，还有in charge of 主管，负责in common 共同，共有in danger 处于危险中in hospital 住院in fact 事实上

23、in front of 在的前面in no time 立刻，马上in other words 换言之in public 当众，公开in return 作为回报in surprise 吃，凉in the end 最后，终于in this way 用这种方法in trouble 处于困境中break into 闯入care for 照看come across 遇见，发现compare with 与相比depend on 依靠die of 死于某种疾病dress up 穿着盛装，化妆get along with 与相处go over 复习hold on 不挂断（打电话用语）hurry off 匆匆离

24、开join in 参加keep in mind 牢记laugh at 嘲笑learn from 向学习learn sthby heart 用心记忆make up ones mind 下决心see sboff 为某人送行shake hands with 与握手show sb. around 带领某人参观take part in 参加take in 吸入，吸收thank sb. for sth.因某事感谢某人9巩固练习14 年二模1. The Great Green Wall can stop the wind and sand _ moving to the rich land in the s

25、outh of China.A) from B) with C) at D) on 2. It takes me an hour on average to get from home _ my workplace every day.A. with B. at C. by D. to 3. Its essential for citizens to know that the haze(雾霾)can do harm _ peoples health.A) with B) for C) on D) to 4. His interest _law led him eventually to be

26、come a lawyer.A )in B)on C)to D)with 5. We enjoyed the wonderful firework display _ the night of National Day.A）in B）on C）for D）at 6. The little girl was quite angry _ his boyfriend for his being late.A）for B）on C）with D）at 7. Jane was worried because there was something wrong _ the engine of her ca

27、r.A. of B. with C. at D. by ADDAB CB15 年二模1. The English teachers had a special training session _ Sunday mornings.A) in B) to C) on D) at2. Excuse me, _ Im afraid this is a no-smoking area.A) for B) but C) so D) orget rid of 摆脱go on a picnic 去野餐look after 照料，照看look forward to 盼望turn down 关小，调低wake

28、sb. up 叫醒某人worry about 担心，担忧103. I have got two tickets _ the concert tonight. Would you like to go with me?A) from B) about C) of D) for4. If you read a lot, your life will be full _ pleasure.A) of B) with C) by D) for5. Jenny is the first on the list of the famous stars because she was the richest

29、 _ them.A) in B) with C) over D) among6. Mrs. White walks a dog in the park nearby every morning _ its rainy or windy.A) since B) because C) unless D) until7. The opening ceremony of Wulong International Kite Flying Festival was held _ the morning of April 4, 2015 in Chongqing.A) at B) in C) on D) b

30、y8. This book provides us _ lots of skills to solve problems we meet in life.A) to B) for C) with D) of9. You can tell from the posters and photos _ the wall that Chen is a big fan of Jay Chou. A) in B) between C) on D) above10. My sister likes to wear the hat _ two flowers. It looks so beautiful.A)

31、 from B) to C) in D) with11. If I didnt see it _ my own eyes, I would never believe it possible. A) by B) in C) with D) for CBDAD CCCCD C归纳总结1. 总结名词重难点与常考点：课后作业1. 整理 错题112. 回家作业1. Rastus takes a short walk the evenings and is always home by seven oclock.（崇明）A) to B) on C)inD) at2. Most students were

32、 in favor the plan to have a picnic at the weekend.（崇明）A) to B) of C) on D) at3. People in the western country often sing Christmas chorals_Christmas Eve.（奉贤）A) i n B)at C)on D) during4. Dont stay inside such a sunny morning. Lets go for a walk.（虹口）A)on B) in C)from D) at5. The students put a short

33、play in English on Christmas Day.（虹口）off B) up C) on D) away6. London is almost the same _ other big European cities.（黄浦）A) to B) with C) as D) in7. Bill met his wife on the campus for the first time _ the spring of 1971.（黄浦） A) on B) in C) at D) for8. Most teachers think uniforms can prevent the st

34、udents showing off their wealth.（嘉定）A.off B.in C.by D.from9. In comic strips, there are usually bubbles _ speech and thoughts in the pictures.（静安）A)of B)at C) with D)for 10. The 2016 G20 Summit started _ September, 2016 in the city of Hangzhou.（闵行）A)from B)on C) in D) at11.Although their class teach

35、er is very strict _ them, they still love her very much.（闵行）A) up B)with C) to D)for12. _ the evening of March 30th, Adair was killed by someone unknown.（浦东）A)On B)At C)In D)For1213.She manged to escape _ to the burning car last Friday.（浦东）A)of B)from C)around D)to14. Stephen learned skating _severa

36、l months when he lived in German.（普陀）A.on B.in C.at D.for15. The parents havent heard _their kid in Europe for a long time.（普陀）A.at B.to C.with D.from16. In China everyone would go home for a family reunion _New Years Eve.（青浦）A)at B)on C)to D)in17. Jackie Chen, who was awarded an Oscar, told the rep

37、orter that he was proud _ his country.（青浦）A)of B)with C)for D)out18. Jenny will do a survey and write a report _ school uniforms.（松江）A. in B. of C. at D. on19.The police searched everywhere in the forest_ the missing tourist last night.（松江）A. for B. with C. of D. from20. Go straight down the street

38、and youll see the post office on your right, the kindergarten. （松江）A.opposite B.between C.among D.across21.The manager is much better than other employees dealing with the customers complaints.（松江）A.in B.at C.on D.of22. A new survey shows that most travelers are not satisfied _ airport wifi.（杨浦）A. o

39、f B. for C. about D. with23. Henry Ford founded his car company _ the beginning of the 20th century. （杨浦）A. in B. by C. for D. at24. Donald Trump won the election and he will take office_ Jan. 20, 2017.（长宁）A.in B.on C.at D.for13II 完型填空崇 明 县B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（

40、选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)（12分） When I think of growing up, I think of summertime and those long days when good weather and free time allowed the world to open up in front of me. Every day was a new opportunity for experience and adventure. The first summer I can really 75 , I was six years old and spending t

41、ime in the countryside. There were fields of corn separated by windbreaks (防护林) of tall trees and a railway fine cut through the middle of the landscape with its shiny steel tracks. My brother and I walked along the tracks throwing stones at the grass and flowers that grew along each side. We were w

42、arriors, adventurers. I dont know why, but I suddenly stopped throwing stones and just started 76 and listening. The corn leaves, the trees, the train tracks, every cloud in the sky, every stone on the ground, every sight, every sound; it was.beautiful! I had 77 thought of beauty before. I was too y

43、oung to be aware of the concept (概念). But there it was all around me and I was part of it.Todays city children have 78 chance of experiencing that moment. They are the “touchscreen generation“ who spend up to seven hours a day on their mobile phones or surfing the Internet or watching TV. Even when

44、they have a chance of spending some time with 79 , they are more fikely to ignore (忽视) it. They prefer to stay focused on their mobile devices.Summer is the 80 season: for plants and for young people. This su mmer, try to put aside your “touchscreen“ and let the true beauty of the season open up for

45、 you.75. A) forget B) remember C) enjoy D) spend 76. A) looking B) driving C) cooking D) sleeping77. A) already B) often C) never D) ever78. A) one B) more C) every D) less79. A) family B) class C) team D) nature80. A) growing B) swimming C) first D) worst1475. B 76. A 77. C 78. D 79. D 80. A奉 贤 区B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短