广东省2019春中考英语二轮复习第Ⅰ章专题十被动语态（pdf）.pdf

1、专题十 被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和 谓语之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被 动语态两种。当句子的主语是动作的执行 者时，谓语的形式用主动语态； 当句子的 主语是动作的承受者时，谓语的形式用被 动语态。 被动语态的基本结构是“be过去 分词”。 中考考 点解读 广东省卷近 5年中考统计情况 (单项填空 完形填空 短文填空) 一般 现在 时 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018一般 过去 时 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 一般 将来 时 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018含有 情态 动词 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 考

2、点分析： 从近 5 年的考查情况来看，被动语 态是单项填空的必考点，每年均考查 1 题。2019 年备考时要熟练掌握考纲要求 的 4 种被动语态的构成和用法。(1) 被动语态的用法： 当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或由于 某种原因不必提到动作的执行者时，要用 被动语态，但在译文里，有时要用主动语 态才符合汉语的习惯。例如： Football is played all over the world. 世界各地都在踢足球。当我们要强调动作的承受者而不是动作 的执行者时，要用被动语态。例如： The Great Wall was built long ago. 长城是很久以前建成的。 English

3、 is spoken as the first language by most people in the USA. 美国大多数人都把英语作为第一语言。(2) 由主动语态变为被动语态的方法： 主动语态句子里的宾语变为被动语态句 子的主语。 主动语态的谓语动词变为被动语态的谓 语形式，即“be过去分词”。要注意使助 动词 be 既保持主动句的时态， 又要与被动 句的主语在人称和数的方面取得一致。主动语态句子里的主语变为介词 by 的 宾语，再把整个介词短语放在谓语动词之 后，有时这个短语可以省略。 例如：时态 结构 例子 一般 现在 时 am/is/ are done Th ede sksar

4、 emadei n China. (肯定) The desks arent made in China. (否定句，在 am/is/are后加 not) Are the desks made in China? (一般疑问句，把 am/is/are提至句首) 考点 初中阶段需掌握的几种被动语态时态 结构 例子 一般 过去 时 was/ were done The building was built ten years ago. (肯定) The building wasnt built ten years ago. (否定句，在 was/were 后加 not) Was the buildi

5、ng built ten years ago? (一般疑问句， 把 was/were 提至句首)时态 结构 例子 一般 将来 时 will be done A new school library will be built next year. (肯定) A new school library wont be built next year. (否定句，在 will 后加 not) Will a new school library be built next year? (一般疑问 句，把 will 提至句首)时态 结构 例子 一般 将来 时 am/is/ are going to be

6、 done A new school library is going to be built next year. (肯定) A new school library isnt going to be built next year. (否定句，在 am/is/are 后加 not) Is a new school library going to be built next year? (一般疑问句，把 am/is/are 提至句首)时态 结构 例子 含有 情态 动词 情态 动词 be done Students should be allowed to get ears pierced.

7、 (肯定) Students shouldnt be allowed to get ears pierced. (否定句，在情态动词后加 not) Should students be allowed to get ears pierced? (一般疑问句，把情态动词 提至句首)1. 含有“使役”动词的被动语态 常用的“使役”动词有 make, see, watch, notice, hear 等。 含有“使役”动词的句子在表达主动 意义时常用的结构是 make(see, hear, watch, notice) sb. do sth.，动 词 do前面 没有 to，但在被动语态中要把 to

8、补上， 即 sb. be made(seen, heard, watched, noticed) to do sth.。 考点 注意事项He made me do the work. 他让我做这项工作。 (主动，do前没有 to) I was made to do the work. 我被派去做这项工作。 (被动，do前补上 to)类似： Tom saw Lucy water the flowers last night. Lucy was seen to water the flowers last night. They heard him sing songs in the room l

9、ast night. He was heard to sing songs in the room last night. 注： 究竟有没有 to, 其实有个窍门： “使 役”动词前有 be，则有 to；没 be，则没 to。2. 双宾句的被动语态 My mother gives Lily ape n 间接宾语 直接宾语 Lily is given a pen by my mother. Ape ni sgi ve ntoLi l ybymymoth e r . 3. 感官动词(look, smell, taste, feel, sound 等)用主动结构表示被动。如： The flower

10、smells nice. The cake tastes delicious. The watch looks beautiful.4. 不及物动词(happen, take place, break out, cost 等)没有被动语态。如： Great changes were taken place in China. () Great changes took place in China.()( )1. (2018 广东) Many shops in China _ to shut down as a new law against ivory(象牙) trade came into

11、 effect on January l st , 2018. A. ordered B. didnt order C. were ordered D. werent ordered C 中考真题面对面 ( )2. (2017广东)Th ew aitertoldmeth at free parking _ for the hotel guests. A. provides B. provided C. will be provided D. was provided D( )3. (2016 广东) He Jiang _ to give a speech at the graduation c

12、eremony at Harvard University last month. A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. was invited D ( )4. (2015 广东) Have you heard of the song Little Apple? Yes. It _ every morning when aged people do square dancing downstairs. A. is played B. plays C. was played D. played A( )5. (2014 广东) Although Fligh

13、t MH370 has been missing for months, I do believe it _ some day in the future. A. will find B. wont find C. will be found D. wont be found C ( )6. (2013 广东) It _ last week that the haze(雾霾) in Beijing caused many problems. A. reports B. reported C. is reported D. was reported D( )7. (2012 广东) Hot wa

14、ter _ in the students flats from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. now. A. supplies B. is supplied C. supplied D. was supplied B ( )8. (2011广东) People who drink wine _ to drive after May Day. A. dont allow B. isnt allowed C. mustnt allow D. mustnt be allowed D( )9. (2010 广东) The 16th Asian Games _ in Guangzhou in No

15、vember, 2010. A. holds B. will hold C. was holding D. will be held D ( )10. (2009 广东) The new library building _ last week. A. was completed B. is completed C. completed D. has completed A( )1. _ free breakfasts _ in all schools in China? No, not yet. Only in the rural areas. A. Were; served B. Are;

16、 served C. Have; served D. Will; be served B 对点专练 ( )2. From this year on, pedestrians(行 人) _ 20 yuan if they run the red lights according to the latest traffic authorities. A. were fined B. will fine C. are fine D. will be fined D ( )3. Food safety is very important. So some rules _ to stop people

17、from polluting food. A. were make B. must be made C. be made D. made B( )4. Oh, my god! I cant find the key to my office. Dont worry. Perhaps it _ at your home. A. has left B. was left C. will be left D. left B ( )5. Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy because they _ after all. Choices can be hard. A. given B. were given C. are given D. will be given C真题演练 15 BDCCD 610 BCCCA 1115 BABBC 1620 DDBDD 模拟演练 15 BCBAB 610 ADDDB 1115 ACABD 1620 BDCCA 2125 CDABC