2018_2019学年八年级英语下册RevisionModuleA词句精讲精练（含解析）（新版）外研版.doc

1、1Revision module A词汇精讲 1. arrive arrive 意为“到达” ，是不及物动词，如果后面接地点副词，如：home, there, here 等词，不需要再加介词。后接地点名词时，应加介词 in 或 at。大地方用 in，如 country, city 等；小地方用 at，如 school, hotel, stop 等。例如：They arrived in Beijing yesterday. 他们昨天到的北京。When you arrive home, please give me a call. 到家的时候请给我打个电话。【拓展】表示“到达”的词汇还有 get

2、to 和 reach。get to; arrive in; reach 的辨析：get toarrive in + Beijing(地点名词)reachget+ home; here; there(地点副词)arrive 2. as well as well 常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于 too 或 also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。例如：He knows English, and he knows French as well. 他懂英语，还懂法语。【拓展】as well; also; too 与 either 的辨析：as well 是副词短语，多用于口语中，用于句末，其前

3、通常不用逗号隔开。also 较正式，位置通常接近动词，不用于句末，常用于肯定句中。too 多用于口语中，位置通常在句末，前面常有逗号。either 用于否定句中，常用于句末。在肯定句中变成否定句时，其中的 also; too; as well 都要变成 either。例如：He can swim as well. 他也会游泳。He also wants to go there. 他也想去那里。Im a boy, too. 我也是个男孩。He doesnt want to go, either. 他也不想去。3. a fewa few 意为“几个；少许” 相当于 several，只修饰可数名词复

4、数，表肯定含义。例如：He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。【拓展】可数 不可数肯定 a few(有一些) a little(有一些)否定 few(几乎没有) little(几乎没有)例如：We has little time to do it. 我们几乎没有时间来做这件事。He is new here. So he has few friends. 他是新来的，所以几乎没有朋友。Peter has just been away for a few minutes. Peter 刚离开几分钟。There is a little milk in the fridge. We

5、can buy it tomorrow. 冰箱里还有一点牛奶，我们可以明天去买。24. too muchtoo much 意为“许多，大量” ，后接不可数名词，也可作代词短语。例如：I had too much. Im full now. 我吃的太多了，现在饱了。【拓展】too much / too many / much too 的辨析：词语 词形 特点too much 形容词短语 后跟不可数名词，也可作代词短语too many 形容词短语 后跟可数名词的复数，也可作代词短语much too 副词短语 后跟形容词或副词例如：Dont eat too much sweet. Its bad f

6、or your teeth. 不要吃太多的糖，对牙齿不好。There are too many books in the room. You can choose any one to read. 房间里有太多的书了，你可以选择任何一本来读。Its much too cold outside. You should put on your coat. 外面太冷了，你应该穿上外套。5. for examplefor example 也意为“例如” ，但是强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开。for example 可置于句首、句中或句末。例如：There ar

7、e many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.许多种污染方式，例如噪音就是一种污染。 Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏，比如迈克。【拓展】such as 意为“例如” ，用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但 such as 后边不能用逗号。例如：I have many hobbies such as reading, dancing and singing.

8、我有很多爱好，如读书，跳舞和唱歌。Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science. 其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎，例如跟我学 跟我学科学 。English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚加拿大等。6. how long(1) how long 意为“多长时间 ”，询问某一动作或状态持续了多久，故句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的连系动词。例如：How

9、 long do you watch TV? 你看电视多长时间了？How long can I keep the book? 这本书我可以借多久？(2) how long 还可用来询问长度。例如：How long is the river? 这条河多长？【拓展】辨析：how often, how soon 与 how long词语 词义 用法 答语特征how often 多久一次 询问动作的频率 often, twice a week 等how soon 多快，过多久 询问时间多快 in+ 一段时间how long 多久 询问时间多久 for/about+一段时间37. maybemaybe

10、作副词，意为“也许；大概” 。例如：Maybe he is a teacher. 也许他是个老师。【拓展】辨析：maybe 与 may be(1) maybe 是副词，主要用于非正式场合，口语中常用。意为“也许，大概” 。它通常放在句子的开头，在句子中作状语。例如：Maybe they wont come here tonight. 他们大概今晚不会来这儿。 Maybe she is happy. 也许她是幸福的。【拓展】 may be 是“情态动词 may+动词原形 be”构成的，在句中做谓语，意为“可能是、大概是” 。例如： She may be at home. 她可能在家。 （也可以说

11、：Maybe she is at home.） You may be right. 你可能是对的。 （也可以说：Maybe you are right.）8. enoughenough 是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的” ，可修饰可数名词与不可数名词，放在名词的前面或后面。例如：One hour is enough. 一小时足够了。I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。We have got enough desks for the new students. 我们为新同学准备了足够的课桌。【拓展】enough 还可作副词，意为“足够地”

12、，常修饰形容词或副词，这时 enough 需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如：The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。Our classroom is big enough. 我们的教室足够大。They work hard enough. 他们工作足够努力。词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. 以为骄傲_ 2. help sb. with sth. _3. 编造_ 4. be different from _5. in order to do sth. _ 6. finish doing sth. _

13、7. too much _ 8. catch a cold _9. come out _ 10. as well as _II. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. The girl is so l_ that everyone likes her.2. Do you want to t_ this new kind of pizza?3. I cant _(买得起) the ticket to the USA.4. Have you got any _(经验) of learning Japanese?5. Tony has made a _(模型) of the space stat

14、ion.6. Who has d_ the new planet?7. You may have a fever; let me take your t_.8. I am one of the m_ of our school football team.49. Our math teacher is very h_. He always makes us laugh.10. The boy is so _(聪明的) that he answers the question in no time.III. 根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Whats your _(feel) when

15、 you heard the bad news? I felt very terrible.2. The food is this restaurant _(smell) very delicious. Our family often come here to have dinner.3. I spent much time _(watch) TV.4. _ you ever _(write) to your friend in English?5. I _ already _(see) the film. I _(see) it last week.6. I _ _ (be) to New

16、 York three times.7. Stop _(talk)! Its time for class.8. We need _(buy) a bike to keep fit.9. Dont get off the bus until it _(stop), Tom. I wont, Dad. Dont worry about me.10. Tintin works for a newspaper and has lots of _(excite) experiences.I. 英汉互译。1. be proud of 2. 在某方面帮助某人 3. make up 4. 与不同 5. 为了

17、做某事 6. 做完某事 7. 太多 8. 感冒 9. 出版 10. 既又；不但而且II. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. lovely 2. taste 3. afford 4. experiences 5. model 6. discovered 7. temperature 8. member9. humorous 10. cleverIII. 根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. feeling 2. smells 3. watching 4. Have; written 5. Have; seen; saw6. have been 7. talking 8. to buy

18、 9. stops 10. exciting句式精讲1. Would you like to try some?Would you like to do？是询问对方的意见，邀请或请求某人做某事的一种委婉表达方法。其用法如下：(1) 肯定句：would like 后接名词或代词；would like to 后接动词原形，would 常和主语缩写为“主语d” 。例如：Id like a cup of tea. 我想喝一杯茶。Hed like to see a film. 他想看电影。 (2) 否定句：在 would 后加 not，意为不愿意做，would not 缩写为 wouldnt。例如： I

19、 wouldnt like to go to the cinema. 我不想去看电影。(3) 疑问句：把 would 提到主语前即可。例如：Would you like to go to the cinema? 你愿意去看电影吗？(4) 答语：5若邀请某人做某事，肯定回答用 Yes, Id like/love to；否定回答用 Id like/love to, but例如：Would you like to see a film？你愿意去看电影吗？Yes, Id love to. 是的，我愿意。若邀请某人吃(喝)东西，肯定回答用 Yes, please. 否定回答用 No, thank you

20、. 例如： Would you like some tea ? 你想喝茶吗？ No, thank you. 不，谢谢。【注意】would like 无人称和数的变化。2. It was great to hear from you本句为“It is/was + adj. + (for sb.) + to do sth.”的句型，意为“（对人来说）做事是的” ，一般用来表达对某个人某种行为的客观评价。例如：It is important for us to learn a foreign language. = To learn a foreign language is important.对

21、于我们来说学习一门外语是很重要的。To learn English is not easy. = Its not easy to learn English. 学英语不容易。【注意】在“It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.”句型中，it 并无实际意义，他在句子里充当形式主语的作用，而句子的真正主语为动词不定式 to do，但是由于主语部分过于繁冗导致句子整体看起来非常不协调，所以使用 it 做形式主语而把真正的主语放到句子的后半部分。【拓展】(1) Its + adj. + for sb. to do sth.这一结构中，形容词是表示做某事的“性质、特征” ，

22、这类形容词有：important，easy，difficult，hard，necessary，great 等。Its necessary for you to do more exercise. 多锻炼对你来说是必要的。(2) Its + adj. + of sb. to do sth.这一结构中，形容词是表示人的“品质” ，这类形容词有：kind，wise，clever，good，foolish 等。例如：Its kind of you to say so. 你这样说真是太善良了。3. but I hope one day I can meet an astronaut.本句是 hope 后

23、跟从句作宾语，从句前省略了连词 that。例如：I hope (that) we will win the game. 我希望我们比赛能赢。【拓展】hope 的用法归纳：(1)从说话语气上讲，hope 用于表示可能实现的事情，后接从句时，用陈述语气。I hope I shall see him again. 我希望再见他一次。 I hope you havent hurt yourself. 但愿你没有受伤。 (2)从含义上讲，hope 多用于指对好事的盼望、预想;对坏事的预想则多用“Im afraid.”。 I hope it will be fine tomorrow. 我希望明天天气好。

24、 Im afraid it will rain again. 恐怕还要下雨。 (3)从时间上看，hope 所希望的一般指将来或现在的事情，不用于指过去的事情。 I hope he will come. 我希望他会来。 (4)从句型上看，hope 可用 hope to do sth.句型，而不能用 hope sb. to do sth.句型。I hope to watch the football match again. 我希望再看一次那场足球赛。 要表示“希望如此”时，常用“I hope so.”其否定形式用“I hope not.”。hope 后面还可以接that 从句，意为“希望”。 S

25、he hopes that I will pass the exam. 她希望我能通过考试。4. and drew the cartoons to satisfy older people as well as children.as well as 此处用作连词，意为“既又” “不但而且” 。可以连接名词、形容词、动词、介词等两个并列的成分。as well as 强调的重点在前者，翻译时要先翻译后者，再翻译前者。例如：He speaks Spanish as well as English and French. 他不但会讲英语和法语，还会讲西班牙语。6The girl is lively

26、as well as healthy. 这个女孩既健康又活泼。He as well as my classmates is going swimming on Sunday. 他和我的同学一样，星期天也去游泳。5. Do you mind if I borrow your book?Do (Would) you mind if.句型用来表示请求对方的许可，即询问对方“是否介意（说话人）做某事” 。如果同意、不反对别人做某事，答语用否定形式； 如果不同意、反对别人做某事，答语用肯定形式。一般多用 I am sorry.或 Im afraid.等以缓和语气。 Do you mind if I sm

27、oke? 你介意我抽烟吗？Not at all, please. 一点也不。Would you mind me opening that door? 你介意我开门吗？Im sorry, but its not allowed. 对不起，这是不允许的。【拓展】(1) mind 作及物动词，后面通常接名词、代词、动词-ing 形式、复合结构、从句等。 例如：Would you mind my closing the window? 你介意我关上窗户吗？ (2) Would you mind doing sth.? 这一句型通常用来表示请他人做某事，常意为 “可否请你做”或“劳驾你做” 。 Woul

28、d you mind making some room for the patient?请你给这位病人让点儿地方出来行吗？ 句式精练I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词） 。1. 我都等不及要见你了。I _ _ _ see you.2. 他害怕单独出去。He is _ _ going outside alone.3. 他们已经去过很多名胜古迹。They _ _ _ many interesting _.4. 阿拉伯语和英语在许多方面不一样。Arabic is _ _ English _ _ _.5. 我爸爸刚做了一个新书架。My father _ _ _ a new bookshelf.

29、6. 那就是为什么汤姆迟到了。_ _ _ Tom was late for school.7. 你像这样已经多久了？How long _ you _ _ this?8. 这些药每天吃三次。_ this medicine _ _ _ _.9. 这辆自行车你买了多久了？_ _ have you _ the bike?10. 当我观看他们的时候，情不自禁地笑了。I cant _ _ when I watch them.II. 句型转换，每空一词。1. He is short. He has dark hair. (合并为一句)He is short _ dark hair.2. I like dan

30、cing. She also likes dancing. (改为同义句)7I like dancing and she likes dancing _ _.3. They have already visited the museum. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) _ they _ the museum? No, _ _.4. Wang Lins father has gone to Shenzhen on business. (对划线部分提问)_ _ Wang Lins father _ on business?5. I have travelled by ship four time

31、s. (对划线部分提问)_ _ times have you travelled by ship?III. 补全对话。通读对话，根据上下文补全对话内容。Jim: Good morning, doctor.Doctor: 1. _, Jim. Whats wrong?Jim: I have a headache and I dont feel well.Doctor: 2. _?Jim: The day before yesterday.Doctor: Let me see. Oh, its nothing serious.Jim: 3. _?Doctor: Youd better take t

32、his medicine and stay in bed for a day or two.Jim: 4. _. Goodbye.Doctor: 5. _ 参考答案I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词） 。1. cant help to 2. afraid of 3. have been to; places 4. different from; in many ways 5. has just made6. That is why 7. have; been like 8. Take; three times a day 9. How long; keep 10. help laughingII. 句型转换，每空一词。1. with 2. as well 3. Have; visited; they havent 4. Where has; gone 5. How manyIII. 补全对话。1. Good morning. 2. When did you begin to have a headache3. What should I do 4. Thank you 5. Thats all right/Thats OK/Not at all/Youre welcome