2018年中考英语试题分项版解析汇编（第02期）专题06完形填空（人物或故事类、科普或环境保护类或健康类、社会现象或历史文化教育类）（含解析）.doc

1、1专题 06 完形填空（人物或故事类、科普或环境保护类或健康类、社会现象或历史文化教育类）1.【 2018 年山东省青岛市】During the Warring States Period(475-22IBC), there was a man called Yue Yangzi. One day he saw a piece of gold on the road. He picked it up and _1_ it home. But his wife was not _2_ and said, “I hear that a great man doesnt drink a thiefs

2、 water or accept alms(施舍物) .What do you think of the action of keeping others thing for yourself?” Yue Yangzi felt sorry _3_ what he had done, so he put the gold back to the place where he found it.The next year, Yue Yangzi decided to go to a faraway school to improve himself. A year later, he came

3、back home _4_. “Why have you returned?” asked his wife in surprise, “Youve _5_spent one year studying with scholars(学者们).” “I come back because I _6_you very much.”Without saying anything, his wife took a pair of scissors and went to the loom(织布机)at which she had worked. _7_ the half done cloth, she

4、 said, “The cloth is woven from the best silk. Now _8_ I cut it ,all my previous（先前的）work will be wasted. Its the same as your _9_.You can learn a lot only by working hard. Now, youve stopped half way. Isnt it the same as cutting the cloth on the loom?”Yue Yangzi was moved by _10_she said. He again

5、left home to visit scholars. Several years later he became a learned man.1. A. bought B. took C. sent2. A. happy B. surprised C. angry23. A. for B. at C. as4. A. successfully B. carefully C. suddenly5. A. already B. only C. ever6. A. worried B. missed C. believed7. A. Thinking about B. Looking for C

6、. Pointing at8. A. if B. until C. unless9. A. trip B. study C. business10. A. how B. that C. what【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C【解析】文章讲述了战国时代乐羊子，娶了一位知书达理的妻子，妻子帮助他上进，做个有抱负的人的故事。1. 句意：他捡起来把它带回家。A. bought 买； B. took 带走； C. sent 发送，邮寄；根据 He picked it up 可知是捡起来带走；故选 B2. 句意：但是他的妻子不高

7、兴。A. happy 高兴； B. surprised 惊讶； C. angry 生气；根据 I hear that a great man doesnt drink a thiefs water or accept alms(施舍物) .What do you think of the action of keeping others thing for yourself?可知妻子对他的行为不满意，应是不高兴；故选 A3. 句意：乐羊子因为他所做的感到抱歉。A. for 因为，为了； B. at 在； C. as 作为；根据 Yue Yangzi felt sorry 和 what he h

8、ad done 可知是因为所做的感到羞愧；故选 A4. 句意：一年后，他突然回家。A. successfully 成功的； B. carefully 仔细的； C. suddenly突然；根据“Why have you returned?” asked his wife in surprise,可知因为突然回家，所以妻子惊讶；故选 C5. 句意：你仅仅花了一年和学者们学习。A. already 已经； B. only 仅仅； C. ever 曾经；根据“Why have you returned?” asked his wife in surprise,可知是仅仅学了一年；故选 B6. 句意：

9、我回来因为我非常想念你。A. worried 担心； B. missed 想念； C. believed 相信；根据句意应是想念你，所以回来；故选 B38. 句意：现在我如果剪断它，之前我所有的工作都白费了。A. if 如果； B. until 直到； C. unless 除非；根据 The cloth is woven from the best silk.和 all my previous（先前的）work will be wasted.可知是如果；故选 A9. 句意：它和你的学习是一样的。A. trip 旅行； B. study 学习； C. business 生意；根据 You can

10、 learn a lot only by working hard. Now, youve stopped half way.可知是学习；故选 B10. 句意：乐羊子被她所说的感动了。A. how 怎样； B. that 那； C. what 什么；这里是指她说话什么，疑问词引导的宾语从句；故选 C点睛：根据前后文语境，结合时态，语态，词性，短语，句型，词义辨析和主谓一致，选出正确的选项。例如：小题 4 句意：一年后，他突然回家。A. successfully 成功的； B. carefully 仔细的； C. suddenly 突然；根据“Why have you returned?” as

11、ked his wife in surprise,可知因为突然回家，所以妻子惊讶；故选 C2.【2018 年安徽省中考】When the Spring Festival falls, red flowers bloom (盛开) on the windows of my home. Of course,these are not_16_flowers. But in the cold of_17_, these wonderful flowers bring warmth to us.They are made of paper by my_18_,who is now aged 70. Wi

12、th a few cuts, she_19_ a piece of paper into a beautiful work of art.When my grandma was young, she was considered clumsy(笨拙的) in the_20_. But on a coldwinter night, she saw some beautiful red paper_21_ on her new neighbors windows She was so interested in it and decided to_22_ from her neighbor.Ton

13、s of paper was wasted, and her fingers werecut many times. But she_23_ practicing. It took 10 years_24_ my grandma could make paper art skillfully (娴熟地). The red flowers, blooming like burning fire, light up her world. Now, everyone in the village_25_ her.My grandmas story has shown me what it takes

14、 to realize ones dream.416. A. nice B. real C. full D. sweet17. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter18. A. sister B. aunt C. mother D. grandma19. A. changes B. spreads C. places D. bums20. A. city B. town C. villages D. block21. A. art B. money C. walls D. books22. A. buy B. steal C. learn D. bor

15、row23. A. ended up B. kept on C. put off D. thought about24. A. before B. after C. while D. since25. A. serves B. pardons C. respects D. warns【答案】16. B 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C【解析】文章讲述了奶奶剪窗花的故事。18. 句意：它们是我奶奶用纸做的。A. sister 姐妹； B. aunt 阿姨； C. mother 妈妈； D. grandma 奶奶；根据 my

16、 grandma could make paper art skillfully (娴熟地). 可知是奶奶；故选 D19. 句意：她把一张纸变成一件漂亮的艺术品。A. changes 改变； B. spreads 传播； C. places 放置； D. bums 乞讨；根据 change-into- 把-变成-；故选 A20. 句意：在村子里她被认为很笨。A. city 城市； B. town 城镇； C. villages 村子； D. block 街区；根据 everyone in the village_10_ her.可知是村子；故选 C21. 句意：在邻居的窗户上她看见了一些漂亮的

17、纸艺术品。A. art 艺术； B. money 钱； C. walls 墙； D. books 书；根据 my grandma could make paper art skillfully (娴熟地). 可知是艺术品；故选 A524. 句意：在我奶奶做出美丽的艺术作品之前花了她 10 年的时间。A. before 在-之前； B. after在-之后； C. while 当-时候； D. since 自从；根据 But she_8_ practicing.可知是在我奶奶做出美丽的艺术作品之前她练习了 10 年的时间；故选 A25. 句意：现在村子里每个人都尊重她。A. serves 服务；

18、 B. pardons 原谅； C. respects 尊重；D. warns 警告；根据 When my grandma was young, she was considered clumsy(笨拙的) in the_5_.和 It took 10 years_9_ my grandma could make paper art skillfully (娴熟地). 可知是每个人都尊重她；故选 C点睛：根据前后文语境，结合时态，语态，词性，短语，句型，词义辨析和主谓一致，选出正确的选项。例如：小题 10 句意：现在村子里每个人都尊重她。A. serves 服务； B. pardons 原谅；

19、 C. respects 尊重； D. warns 警告；根据 When my grandma was young, she was considered clumsy(笨拙的) in the_5_.和 It took 10 years_9_ my grandma could make paper art skillfully (娴熟地). 可知是每个人都尊重她；故选 C3.【2018 年上海市中考】Choose the best answer and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文.)Chins Mobille 4G 16:74 43%Teaching m

20、aterial discussion group (15)Hi! I m doing a survey on teaching materials in school. What kind of textbooks do you use? Do you think the use of photocopied(复印的) textbooks and newspaper articles in the classroom can be accepted? Please give your_50_.The use of such materials is certainly not _51_ for

21、 writers. Textbooks are like other creative works. Many people have to put their efforts in the writing of a book. The efforts of the writers and publishers will be totally wasted if everyone photocopies their 6textbooks. I cant imagine that!I dont think it right to use photocopied materials even in

22、 the classroom because its against the law. Teachers should set a good example for their students by _52_ the law.Copied books are as good as copyrighted(正版的) ones, but they dont _53_much, usually less than half the price. In addition, it is so _54_ to use copied materials. When we want to share som

23、ething good we just have it photocopied. I think photocopying is OK because publishers are still making a lot of money anyway.Most of the time, teachers make sure their students do not use photocopied materials. But I know some teachers do use photocopied newspaper articles sometimes, as their stude

24、nts are eager to learn more to widen their views. As you know, teachers always put the _55_ of students above anything else. After all, you cant expect all the students to buy newspapersWow! Thank you for sharing so many ideas!50. A. thanks B. lessons C. excuses D. opinions51. A. easy B. fair C. com

25、mon D. traditional52. A. changing B. explaining C. respecting D. making53. A. save B. affect C. offer D. cost54. A. convenient B. strange C. exciting D. difficult55. A. actions B. needs C. records D. attitudes【答案】50. D 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B【解析】这是一份有关学生可不可以使用复印教材的调查报告。有的人认为这种教材的使用对作家来说是不公平的；有

26、的人认为在教室里使用复印教材是不对的，复印教材是违反法律的行为，教师应该为学生树立一个好榜样，带头遵守法律；有的人认为抄袭的书和受版权保护的书一样好，而且价格非常便宜；还有的人认为老师常以学生需求为先，为拓宽学生的视野，有些老师有时会使用复印的报纸文章。750. 句意：请给出你们的意见。A. thanks 感谢；B. lessons 功课；C. excuses 原谅，借口；D. opinions 观点，意见。作者在学校做一份关于教材调查的目的就是收集大家的意见，下文也是大家的意见，因而答案选 D。51. 句意：这种教材的使用对作家来说当然是不公平的。A. easy 容易的；B. fair 公平

27、的；C. common 普通的；D. traditional 传统的。根据下文中的句子“The efforts of the writers and publishers will be totally wasted if everyone photocopies their textbooks.”如果每个人用复印材料，作者和出版商的努力将会徒劳，是对他们不公平的，故答案为 B。53. 句意：但价格不高，通常不到一半的价格。A. save 保存；B. affect 影响；C. offer 提供；D. cost花费。通过后文“less than half the price”可知，此句的意思是说

28、花费的钱少，故答案为 D。54. 句意：此外，使用复制材料是非常方便的。A. convenient 方便的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. exciting 令人兴奋的；D. difficult 困难的。通过后文的例子可知便用复印材料很方便。答案为 A。55. 句意：老师常以学生需求为先。A. actions 行动；B. needs 需求；C. records 记录；D. attitudes态度。通过前后文学生想学更多知识但不一定都会买报纸推断出老师常以学生需求为先，故答案为 B。4.【2018 年黑龙江省绥化市中考】The Shirt of a Happy ManOnce upon a

29、time, in a rich and beautiful country, there lived an unhappy king. He slept _21_and didnt feel like eating. The queen and his people worried about him very much. One day ,a doctor was called in to examine the king. But he couldnt find _22_ with his body. It was all in his mind. He said the king nee

30、ded the shirt of a happy person to wear. Then the prime minister, the kings banker and the palace singer were called to the palace. But they all had_23_worries.They werent happy, either. The prime minister thought many people were trying to _24_,then he would lose his power. The banker was afraid _2

31、5_ his money. The singer said he couldnt get freedom because he always worried about being followed by _26_27_,the kings top general was told to go out and find a happy man in three days time.Two days passed, the general still couldnt find a happy man. Everyone had their own8problems, Just as he was

32、 about to give up, he saw a poor man _28_happily on the street. The general didnt understand why the poor man was so happy, though he seemed to have _29_ power, money or fame. So he went up to the poor man and asked him about the reason. The poor man said he was happy because he had everything he wa

33、nted, and he didnt want to have what he couldnt have. Hearing this, the general was excited. The poor man was the Happy Man. So he asked the poor man to give his shirt_30_the king.“Shirt?“ said the poor man in surprise, “I dont own any shirts!”21. A. badly B. bad C. worse22. A. something wrong B. wr

34、ong anything C. anything wrong23. A. much B. a lot of C. lot of24. A. take his place B. keep his place C. make his place25. A. losing B. to lose C. lose26. A. the other B. other C. others27. A. In the end B. By the end C. At the end28. A. singing B. sing C. to sing29. A. never B. not C. no30. A. / B

35、. to C. for【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. B21. 句意：他睡得不好不喜欢吃东西。A. badly 副词，糟糕地，不好地； B. bad 形容词坏的，糟糕的 ； C. worse badly 和 bad 的比较级。该空修饰动词 slept，且没有比较的意义，故使用副词，所以答案是 A。22. 句意：但是他没有发现，他的身体有毛病。something ，anything 是不定代词，定语后置，所以 B 选项是错误的；该句是否定句，一般情况下 something 用于肯定句，anything 用

36、于否定句和疑问句，可排除A，所以答案是 C。23. 句意：但是他们都有很多的忧虑。. A. much 很多，修饰不可数名词 ；B. a lot of 很多，即可修9饰数名词，也可修饰不可数名词 ； C. lot of 不正确。Worries 是可数名词，所以选 B。24. 句意：丞相认为很多人试图取代他的位置，他就会失去权力。本题考查动词短语。A. take his place 代替他的位置； B. keep his place 留住自己的位置 ；C. make his place 让位。根据句意选 A。25. 句意：财政大臣害怕失去他的钱。Be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事，

37、是固定短语，所以选 B to lose26. 句意：御用歌手说他不能得到自由因为他总是担心被其他的人超越。. A. the other 表示已知的两个（或两部分）人或事物中，特指的“另一个”或“另一些”，其后可跟单数或复数名词。 B. other 作形容词，通常用在单数或复数名词的前面，意为“别的；其他的；另外的其余的 C. others (=other+复数名词) 泛指“部分”含义，用于已知的一些人或物中，除去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。根据句意结合这三个词的用法，知选 C。28. 句意：他看到一个穷人在街上快乐地唱着歌。See sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事。See sb

38、do sth 看见某人做了某事， see sb to do sth 是错误的，根据句意选 A29. 句意：尽管他似乎没有权利，没有金钱，没有荣誉。. A. never 从来不，绝不，是副词 ； B. not不 ，没有， 是副词，表示否定； C. no 没有的，可做形容词，副词，名词。因为权利，金钱，荣誉都是名词，不能使用副词修饰，可排除 A、B，正确选项是 C。30. 句意：于是，他叫这个穷人把他的衬衣给国王。Ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事，叫某人做某事；Give sth to sb 把给，故选 B。5.【2018 年湖北省恩施州中考】One hot afternoon, a

39、 poor farmer was digging his field. Suddenly, his spade (铲) hit something. It was a big metal_16_which was big enough to boil rice for more than one hundred people. “It does not seem to be of any use to me. I will dig_17_. Maybe I will find something else,“ thought the farmer. He_18_to dig.Feeling t

40、ired, he threw the spade into the pot and sat under a tree to_19_. When he got up to leave, he could not_20_his eyes. There were one hundred spades in the pot. What a_21_pot!After that, he put a_22_into the pot. Then he found one hundred mangoes in the pot._23_ that pot, he became a rich man. The Ki

41、ng came to know of the pot,_24_he 10was very greedy (贪婪的). “I want to find out the_25_of the magical pot. If it is valuable, it should be_26_, “ the King thought. So, at once, he ordered his men to bring the farmer and his pot.The King_27_the pot and did not know what to do. He thought, “Let me see

42、what is inside this pot that makes this pot so magical?“ He slipped (滑) and_28_inside the pot. After climbing up out of the magical pot, he was_29_to find that there were one hundred Kings.All the Kings then_30_among themselves and died. This magical pot has killed the King himself!16. A. bottle B.

43、bowl C. plate D. pot17. A. higher B. nearer C. deeper D. earlier18. A. chose B. decided C. hoped D. continued19. A. have a rest B. have a meeting C. have fun D. have a try20. A. fix B. believe C. open D. close21. A. exciting B. terrible C. magical D. beautiful22. A. mango B. spade C. king D. man23.

44、A. In B. With C. Without D. By24. A. but B. so C. or D. and25. A. price B. secret C. cost D. wealth26. A. the farmers B. mine C. yours D. his27. A. looked after B. looked for C. put away D. looked at28. A. fell B. jumped C. joined D. felt29. A. relaxed B. excited C. shocked D. bored30. A. stayed B.

45、competed C. discussed D. fought【答案】16. D 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D16. 句意：这是一个大金属锅，大到可以煮一百多人的米饭。A.瓶子 B.碗 C.盘子 D.锅。能够用来煮饭的11只能是锅，故选 D。17. 句意：我要挖得更深。A.更高 B. 更近 C. 更深 D. 更早，前面农夫说这个看起来对他没什么用处，所以他要继续挖，肯定是越挖越深，故选 C。18. 句意：他继续去挖。A.选择 B.决定 C.希望 D.继续，农

46、夫认为他一定会发现其他的什么东西，所以继续挖，continue to do 意为“继续去做”，故选 D。19. 句意：感觉很累，他把铁锹扔进锅里，坐在一棵树下休息。A.休息 B.开会 C.玩得开心 D.试一试，因为累了，所以农夫要休息一下，故选 A。20. 句意：当他起身离开时，他简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A.修复 B.相信 C.打开 D.关闭。后面讲到他看到了锅里出现了 100 把铲子，所以这让他不敢相信自己的眼睛，感到无比惊讶，故选 B。21. 句意：这是一个有魔力的锅啊！A.令人兴奋的 B.可怕的 C.魔法的 D.美丽的，把一把铲子放在锅里变成了 100 把，说明这个锅应该是有魔力的，故选

47、 C。24. 句意：国王知道了这个锅，他非常贪心。A.但 B.所以 C.或者 D.和，这里前句和后句之间是并列的关系，没有出现转折或因果，故选 D。25. 句意：我想找出神奇的锅的秘密。 A.价格 B.秘密 C.花费 D.财富，国王的目的是找出魔法锅的秘密secret 所在，不是找出价格、花费或者财富，故选 B。26. 句意：如果它是很有价值的，它就应该是我的。A.农夫的 B.我的 C.你的 D.他的，从前面看出国王是个很贪婪 greedy 的人，所以他如果发现这个锅有价值，肯定会占为己有，故选 B。27. 句意：国王看了看这个锅，不知道该做什么。A.照看、照顾 B.寻找 C.收起 D.看一看

48、，国王命令人把农夫和锅带来之后肯定是要“看一看、查看”一下这个锅，故选 D。28. 句意：他滑了一下并跌进了锅里。A.跌倒 B.跳跃 C.加入 D.感觉，fall into 意为摔进，这里是说皇帝脚下一滑就“摔进、掉进”了锅里，故选 A。126.【2018 年山东省枣庄市】Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert_1_out, “A fight! Let us go and see!” “No,” said Henry; “Let us go quietly home and avoid this quarrel. We have