2018年中考英语试题分项版解析汇编（第03期）专题10阅读理解（任务型阅读）（含解析）.doc

1、1阅读理解（任务型阅读）1.【2018 年浙江省金华】阅读下面短文，根据文中信息完成一张海报。每空限填三词Doing “Clean “ExerciseWhen you go for a run outside, chances are that youll find litter all around you. Do you just go past it, or do you stop and pick it up? If you choose the second, youre part of the latest popular sport in the West: plogging.T

2、he word “logging” is the Swedish phrase“ plocka upp”（ pick up） and the English word ”Jogging”(running slowly)put together.What a plogger needs is a rubbish bag and a pair of gloves to protect your hands. While collecting rubbish, loggers learn to classify (分类)and deal with it correctly, too.Plogging

3、 seems simple but it does a lot of good to both the environment and your health. It can not only make the world greener, but also get you full body exercise, For example, a 30-minute logging burns around 288 calories（卡路里）， compared to 235 calories burned from just jogging.So next time you go out jog

4、ging, why not carry a rubbish bag and collect some litter along the way? Your body and the environment will thank you.Lets go_56_!The latest popular sport!Just need_57_and a pair of gloves!Correctly classify and _58_ the rubbish!Its simple but helpful to _59_ and your body!2Make the world _60_ and y

5、ourself a lot healthier!Join us now! The world says THANK YOU!【答案】56. plogging/doing clean exercise 57. a rubbish bag 58. deal with 59. the environment 60. greener/more beautiful 【解析】文章介绍了一种新型的健身跑步方式。在外出健身跑步的同时，随身带上垃圾袋，沿途捡垃圾。这种新型的慢跑方式简单易行，既美化了环境又锻炼了身体。57. 根据文中句子“What a plogger needs is a rubbish bag

6、 and a pair of gloves to protect your hands.” 一个慢跑者需要的是一个垃圾袋和一双用来保护手的手套。故答案为 a rubbish bag。 58. 根据文中句子“While collecting rubbish, loggers learn to classify (分类)and deal with it correctly, too.”可知，在收集垃圾的同时，跑步者也学会正确分类和处理垃圾。故答案为 deal with。59. 根据文中句子“Plogging seems simple but it does a lot of good to bot

7、h the environment and your health.”可知，这种新型的慢跑方式简单易行，既美化了环境又锻炼了身体，故答案为. the environment。60. 根据文中句子“It can not only make the world greener, but also get you full body exercise.”它不仅能让世界更绿，还能让你全身锻炼。故答案为 greener。2.【2018 年甘肃省白银】阅读下面的文章并按要求完成 1 至 5 小题。Root VegetablesWould you like to eat a root? You probab

8、ly already have. People and animals eat many kinds of roots. Most roots that people eat are usually called root vegetables. A root 3vegetable is what we call veggies that grow underground.A carrot is one type of root vegetable. It is the orange, edible root of the carrot plant. to, many, in, like, p

9、eople, salad, put, it(.) A turnip , is another root vegetable. It is a member of the cabbage family. Turnips are usually eaten boiled, steamed, roasted, fried, pickled, or even raw.Although some people do not consider potatoes to be a veggie, but they are a root vegetable.People like to eat them mas

10、hed, boiled, and fried. Sweet potatoes, yams, beets, and leeks are some other root vegetables that people like to eat.66. 将文中处画线句子翻译为汉语。67. 将文中处画线单词连词成句，标点符号已在括号内给出。68. 文中处画线句子有一处错误，改正并抄写。69. What is this story mostly about?70. What is a root vegetable?【答案】66. 人们所食用的大部分根菜通常被叫做根菜类蔬菜。（答案符合本意即可酌情给分） 67

11、. Many people like to put it in salad. 68. Although some people do not consider potatoes to be a veggie, they are a root vegetable. 69. Root vegetables people eat. （答案符合本意即可酌情给分） 70. A root vegetable is what we call veggies that grow underground. （答案符合本意即可酌情给分）【解析】文章介绍了根茎类蔬菜。66. 根据 Most roots that p

12、eople eat 这是定语从句结构，先行词是 Most roots，引导词 that 在从句中作宾语；are usually called 通常被叫做；故答案是：人们所食用的大部分根菜通常被叫做根菜类蔬菜。67. 根据所给词，可知句意是：许多人喜欢把它放在沙拉里。like to do 喜欢做某事；put-in 把-放到-里面；故答案是 Many people like to put it in salad.68. 根据 Although 和 but 不能连用；故答案是 Although some people do not consider potatoes to be a veggie,

13、they are a root vegetable. 69. 根据文章介绍了根茎类蔬菜。故答案是 Root vegetables people eat.470. 根据 A root vegetable is what we call veggies that grow underground.根菜就是长在地下的菜；故答案是 A root vegetable is what we call veggies that grow underground.3.【2018 年河北省中考】阅读短文，并按要求完成 66-70 题。Artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能) is

14、growing rapidly. We are living in a world that depends more and more on AI. AI is a group of technologies that help machines get, understand and use information to do tasks.AIs recent developments have got a lot of social attention. Some people have welcomed AI because it makes things possible. For

15、example, AI will have a big influence on areas like medicine and engineering. But this attention has also produced a lot of fear. Especially, many workers are worrying that AI could make them lose their jobs.According to a recent study, nearly five percent of jobs will disappear because of AI. In so

16、me industries, AI is already doing the work that people used to do, such as assembling (装配) cars, digging the coal and lifting goods. Self-driving cars and trucks controlled by AI will also take away the drivers jobs in the future.On the other hand, AI will also create many new jobs for people. More

17、 people will be needed to write programmers for AI systems (系统) and they will set up and work on them, too. Meanwhile, jobs that require feelings, excellent communication skills with people will not be replaced (取代) by AI. These includes jobs in fields like teaching, nursing and personal training.AI

18、 is here. It is changing how people live and work in many ways. That makes AI important to watch, not to fear.66、67 题完成句子；68 题简略回答问题；69 题找出并写下第二段的主题句；70 题将问中画线句子译成汉语。36. AI is _ that help machines to do tasks.37. _controlled by AI may make the drivers lose their jobs.38. What will AI create for peop

19、le?_39. _40. _5【答案】36. a group of technologies 37. Cars and trucks. 38. Many new jobs. 39. AIs recent developments have got a lot of social attention. 40. 它在许多方面改变着人们的生活和工作方式。36. 句意：人工智能是帮助机器获取、理解和使用信息来完成任务的一组技术。考查细节理解题。根据第一段结尾 AI is a group of technologies that help machines get, understand and use

20、 information to do tasks.，可知填 a group of technologies。37. 句意： 由人工智能控制可能会使司机失去工作。考查细节理解题。根据 Self-driving cars and trucks controlled by AI will also take away the drivers jobs in the future.，可知填Cars and trucks.。38. 句意：AI 会为人们创造什么？考查细节理解题。根据 On the other hand, AI will also create many new jobs for peop

21、le.，可知填 Many new jobs.。39. 根据第二段第一句 AIs recent developments have got a lot of social attention.，结合全段内容，可知填 AIs recent developments have got a lot of social attention.。40. It is changing 它在改变着； how people live and work 人们如何生活和工作； in many ways 在许多方面。根据句意结构，可知填：它在许多方面改变着人们的生活和工作方式。点睛：阅读短文回答问题。即根据文章的表层意

22、思进行深层次的推理判断，组织语言填充句子或回答问题。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实和重要情节，包括事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。4.【2018 年湖南省郴州市中考】回答问题 阅读短文，然后根据短文内容简要回答问题。Once a king got two nice falcons(猎鹰) from his son. He had never seen such beautiful falconsb

23、efore. He loved them so much and he ordered the best falconer to train them to fly.After several months, the king came to see how the training was going on. He found that onefalcon had already been able to fly high in the sky, while the other one was staying on the 6branch(树枝) of a tree quietly with

24、out moving.The king called all his falconers together and ordered them to try every way they could to make it fly. But none of them succeeded. One day, while the king was taking a walk in the forest,an idea came to his mind. He decided to find someone who knew the natural environment well tosolve th

25、e problem. Then he sent for a farmer who lived in the forest into his palace to train it at once.The next morning, the king saw the other falcon flying above in the sky freely. “It is unbelievable!“ shouted the king. “How could you make it happen?“The farmer replied, “Its very easy. I just cut off t

26、he branch where the falcon rested.”It is always the same to humans. We all have “two flying wings in our hearts as well, but we often seem not to notice them and stay where we feel safe and comfortable. We wont realize we can fly so high and freely until the “branch“ we are resting on breaks.36. Whe

27、re did the king get the falcons?37. Why did the king ask the farmer to train the falcon?38. What did the farmer do to make the falcon fly?39. What do you think of the farmer?40. To reach high, can we stay where we feel safe and comfortable?【答案】36. From his son 37. Because he lived in the forest and

28、knew the natural environment well. 38. He cut off the branch where the falcon rested 39. He is clever 40. No, we cant36. 根据 Once a king got two nice falcons(猎鹰) from his son.可知从他儿子那里得到的；故答案是From his son737. 根据 He decided to find someone who knew the natural environment well to solve the problem.可知因为

29、他住在森林里，了解自然环境；故答案是 Because he lived in the forest and knew the natural environment well. 38. 根据 The farmer replied, “Its very easy. I just cut off the branch where the falcon rested.”可知他只是砍掉了它停留的树枝；故答案是 He cut off the branch where the falcon rested 39. 根据别人不能解决的问题，他很容易解决了，说明他是聪明的；故答案是 He is clever40

30、. 根据 two flying wings in our hearts as well, but we often seem not to notice them and stay where we feel safe and comfortable. We wont realize we can fly so high and freely until the “branch“ we are resting on breaks.可知为了飞的更高，我们不能呆在安全舒适的地方；故答案是 No, we cant5.【2018 年湖南省衡阳市中考】阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容判断正误。正确的用（T

31、），错误的用（F）。Once upon a time, there was a tree which wanted to become a treasure box. One day, a farmer cut it down and sold it to a carpenter(木匠). The tree was happy because he thought the carpenter would make it into a treasure box.To its surprise, the carpenter made it into a feed box for animals.

32、The tree felt very disappointed because that was not its dream. Several years later, the feed box was thrown away. Someone picked it up and placed it into an old temple. The tree forgot its dream little by little.One day, a couple came to the temple. The woman gave birth to a baby boy. There wasnt a

33、 bed in the temple. So they placed the baby in the feed box. They loved him and regarded him as their treasure. The tree suddenly realized that it became a real “treasure box” at that time.Sometimes you may think your dream will not come true. Dont forget your dream. It may be realized in another ne

34、w way.11. The tree felt very sad when the farmer sold it to a carpenter12. The carpenter made the tree into a treasure box13. To be a feed box was the trees dream14. The couple used the feed box as their babys bed15. Never give up your dream, it may be realized in another new way8【答案】11. F 12. F 13.

35、 F 14. T 15. T【解析】试题分析：这是一篇寓言故事，通过一棵树的经历，告诉我们不要放弃梦想，它可以用另一种新的方式来实现。13. 题意：成为饲料箱是树的梦想。考查细节理解题。根据 The tree felt very disappointed because that was not its dream.，可知说法错误，故选 F。14. 题意：这对夫妇用饲料箱做婴儿床。考查细节理解题。根据 So they placed the baby in the feed box.，可知说法正确，故选 T。15. 题意：永远不要放弃你的梦想，它可能以另一种新的方式实现。考查细节理解题。根据 D

36、ont forget your dream. It may be realized in another new way.，可知说法正确，故选 T。6.【2018 年湖南省衡阳市中考】阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答所提问题。Mr. Guo is a teacher from Xian. He asked his students to hand in their homework through a QR code(二维码). “We spent an hour or two in class learning how to generate(使产生) the codes, and in

37、the end everything gets easier.” Said Guo, “When students finish the homework, they keep it on WeChat. Then, each student makes his own QR code and gives it to me. So I can check their work anywhere using my computer or telephone.”The QR codes can be sent to Mr. Guo by email, QQ and WeChat. When Guo

38、 scans(扫描) his students QR codes, their homework appears on his phone. He finds that their homework becomes more creative, with many pictures, music and even videos.Guos students like the new way and think it is interesting. “We are living in the information age. Many students like to work with comp

39、uters, which makes learning more fun.” Said Tingting, a student of Guos. “The paper is not easy to keep, but the code is easy to keep and share.” Guo said, “It is worth trying to use new technology in education. Education itself is a kind of creation. I dont want my students to fall behind the times

40、.”9However, some parents are worried. They are afraid that their children will spend too much time on computers and less time communicating with teachers. But in fact, its unnecessary. Students still need to look up information in books and write it down when they do their homework. They only use th

41、e codes when they hand in their work, which doesnt take them too much time. Also for teachers, it allows them to check the students work at any time. And its also an easy way to share homework with other students.16. According to the passage, Guos students can keep their homework on WeChat, cant the

42、y?_17. How can the QR codes be sent to Mr. Guo?_18. What is one of the advantages of the new way of handing in homework?_19. What do some parents worry about?_20. What do you think of the new way of handing in homework?_【答案】16. Yes, they can 17. By email, QQ and we Chat. 18. The code is easy to keep

43、 and share/The teacher can check the homework anywhere at any time. 19. They worry/are afraid their children will spend too much time on computers and less time communicating with teachers. 20. (开放式回答)It is interesting /useful /helpfut.【解析】试题分析：本文以郭老师允许学生通过 QR 码交作业的实例，说明新的家庭作业方式的优点：代码容易保存和共享，教师可以随时随

44、地查看学生作业。同时，解答了家长们的担心。16. 题意：根据文章，郭的学生可以在微信上做作业，不是吗？考查文意理解题。根据短文内容和 When students finish the homework，they keep it on WeChat，可知说法正确，故填 Yes, they can。17. 题意：QR 码怎么寄给郭先生？考查细节理解题。根据 The QR codes can be sent to Mr. Guo by email, QQ and WeChat.，可知填 By email, QQ and we Chat.。1019. 题意：有些家长担心什么？考查细节理解题。根据 Th

45、ey are afraid that their children will spend too much time on computers and less time communicating with teachers.，可知填 They worry/are afraid their children will spend too much time on computers and less time communicating with teachers.。20. 题意：你认为新的提交家庭作业方法怎么样？考查综合理解题。根据短文内容，结合学生的普遍看法Guos students l

46、ike the new way and think it is interesting.，可知填 It is interesting/useful /helpful.。 7.【2018 年湖南省衡阳市中考】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。World famous physicist(物理学家) Stephen Hawking died peacefully at his home in Cambridge on March 14th, 2018. Hawking was born in Oxford, England on January 8t

47、h, 1942. He went to school in a small city near London. As he himself admitted, he wasnt very serious about studying. He did very little work, he was never top of his class. However, he still achieved good marks. After leaving school, Hawking first went to Oxford University to study physics. Then he went to Cambridge University to study cosmology(宇宙学).At the age of 21, Hawking noticed something wrong with him. He had a bad illness that stopp