2019年高考英语一轮抓纲务本模块5Unit3Scienceversusnature（含解析）牛津译林版.doc

1、1Unit 3 Science versus nature李仕才一、阅读理解。“Clothes Swapping” is an activity which has become increasingly popular among American women.At a clothes swap event the women can give away unwanted clothing and get something different in return.Recently about 300 women went to a clothes swap at a high school

2、 in Springfield，Virginia.It was the largest crowd ever for the areas popular clothingswapping group.Daphne Steinberg was having a good day.“For anyone who knows Ann Taylor LOFT，Ann Taylor is a really good womens designer and I will totally wear this to work.So I love that，and I love that I can equip

3、 myself for work，have a good time in doing it，and not totally bankrupt(使破产)myself.”Sandy Van Dusen likes the idea that clothes are finding new homes instead of being thrown away.“Because it helps to keep the Earth green.Theres no point in my opinion in continuing to buy new clothes when we can reuse

4、 what are already here.Give them a new homelet somebody else love what you used to love and no longer love.”Kim Pratt organized the clothes swap event in Springfield.She also organized a moneyraising activity for the high schools debate team.It is one of several ways that her group gives to charitab

5、le causes.Another is by donating all of the “unswapped” clothing to shelters for victims of domestic violence.“I started doing this four years ago, and weve been doing it for four years，getting bigger and bigger each time we have a swap.”She used the social media website to help publicize the event

6、s.The website has helped her group grow from 30 members to 1,300.Ms.Pratt says most of the members respect the clothing swap rules.But she says competition for desirable fashion can be strong.“We have to tell people sometimes not to hover(徘徊)over the new people coming in with their clothing.As they

7、put it out，some people tend to grab the stuff right out of their hands and it becomes like a freeforall.We try to avoid that as much as possible.”21Women can _ at a clothes swap.Aexchange unwanted clothing for something differentBbuy whatever clothing they likeChave a social gathering and make frien

8、dsDmake some money by giving away unwanted clothing2We can learn from what Daphne Steinberg said that _.Ashe had been to a clothes swap for the first timeBshe experienced the largest clothes swap ever in the areaCshe got some clothes she likes at the clothes swapDshe saved much more money than she h

9、ad expected3What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?AWhat Kim Pratt did with the unswapped clothing.BHow Kim Pratt started the clothes swap event.CWhat Kim Pratt did to help people in need.DHow Kim Pratt raised money to help charitable causes.4It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.Aclothes swap

10、s are often out of control in the endBinappropriate behavior at clothes swaps needs to be controlledCclothes swapping is becoming increasingly popular with American womenDmore clothes swap events need to be organized【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在 Springfield的一所高中举办的“交换衣服”活动，详细介绍了活动组织人 Kim Pratt组织该活动的初衷、意义和存在

11、的问题等。【难句分析】 “Clothes Swapping” is an activity which has become increasingly popular among American women.分析：该句为主从复合句。which has become increasingly popular among American women为 which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 an activity。译文：“交换衣服”是一项越来越受美国女士欢迎的活动。1A 考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“At a clothes swap event the women can give away

12、 unwanted clothing and get something different in return”可知，在“交换衣服”活动中，女士可以给出自己不想要的衣服，得到一些不同的衣服，故 A项正确。2C 考查细节理解。根据第三段中 Daphne Steinberg所说的话“For anyone who knows Ann Taylor LOFT，Ann Taylor is a really good womens designer and I will totally wear this to work”可知，Daphne Steinberg 在这次“交换衣服”活动中得到3了她喜欢的

13、Ann Taylor设计的衣服，并会穿着它去上班，故 C项正确。3C 考查段落大意。通读第五段可知，该段主要介绍了 Kim Pratt为帮助需要帮助的人组织的多个活动，包括“交换衣服”活动、为 Springfield的一所高中的辩论队组织的筹款活动、捐赠衣服给家庭暴力受害者庇护所的活动，故 C项正确。4B 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“some people tend to grab the stuff right out of their hands and it becomes like a freeforall.We try to avoid that as much as possi

14、ble”可推知，在“交换衣服”活动中，对一些不恰当的行为应该加以控制，故 B项正确。A 项在文中没有提及；根据第一段第一句“Clothes Swapping is an activity which has become increasingly popular among American women”可知，第一段直接提到“交换衣服”活动在美国女士中越来越受欢迎，不需要推理得出，且在最后一段中没有体现，故 C项错误；通读最后一段可知，该段主要讲述“交换衣服”活动中可能出现的问题，而不是需要组织更多的“交换衣服”活动，故 D项错误。二、单项填空。1.Many farmers left thei

15、r fields and went to big cities with the _ of making money to support their family.A. intention B. determination C. concern D. development【答案】A【解析】句意：为了挣钱养家糊口，很多农民离开了他们的土地去往大城市。with the intention of“为了，以为目的或意图” ，符合句意。determination 决心，果断；concern 担心，关心；development发展。2.Nash won the Noble Memorial Prize

16、 in Economic Sciences for his work on game theory. His life story was_ into the movie A beautiful Mind in 2001.A. adapted B. adopted C. adjusted D. accepted【答案】A【解析】句意：纳什因其在博弈论上的贡献获得了诺贝尔经济科学纪念奖。他的人生故事在 2001 年被改编成电影美丽心灵 。adapt 改编，适应；adopt 采纳，收养；adjust 调整，调节；accept 接受。4故选 A 项。3.The factory near the se

17、aside was closed down as a(a) _ of the terribly bad management and fund shortage.A. summary B. consequence C. conclusion D. effect【答案】B【解析】句意：靠近海滨的这家工厂因为糟糕的经营管理和缺少资金而关闭。summary 概要；consequence结果 as a consequence of 表示“由于；因为” ； conclusion 结论；effect 效果， 影响。4.As China _ into a market economy, the govern

18、ment no longer assigned jobs, food or free housing to urbanresidents.A. transplanted B. transferred C. translated D. transformed【答案】D【解析】transplanted 移植；transferred 转移；translated 翻译；transformed 转换。句意：随着中国转换成市场经济，政府不再分配工作、食物或城市居民的免费住房。5.Further to our telephone conversation this morning, I would like

19、 to _ details of the order which wediscussed.A. expand B. confirm C. attach D. convince【答案】B【解析】 句意： 关于上午的电话交谈， 我想进一步确认我们讨论的这批订单的细节。 由句意可知， 选 confirm，意为“确认，确定，证实，批准” ；expand 扩张，使膨胀，详述；attach 使依附，贴上，系上，使依恋；convince 说服，使相信。6.What do you think of the poems?They are beautiful to read but _, they are har

20、d to understand.A. in addition B. on the other hand C. as a consequence D. in particular5【答案】B【解析】根据题意“读起来很美”及“很难理解”可知选 B 项。on the other hand“另一方面” 。句意： “你认为这些诗歌怎么样啊？” “它们读起来很美，但是另一方面却很难理解。 ”7.He _ his plan for dropping out of the university regardless of his parents opposition.A. pushed along B. pu

21、shed ahead with C. pushed for D. pushed forward【答案】B【解析】句意：他不顾父母的反对，毅然按照自己的计划从大学退学了。push ahead with “义无反顾地进行” ，符合句意。push along 把推向前；push for 一再强烈要求；push forward 继续前进。8.Exam-takers “virtue” will be taken into _ in the future nationwide public servants exam.A. focus B. target C. consideration D. contr

22、ibution【答案】C【解析】 句意： 在未来的全国公务员考试中将会考虑考试人员的“道德”因素。take.into consideration“考虑，把考虑在内” ，符合句意。focus 焦点，中心；target 目标，靶子；contribution 贡献，捐献，投稿。9.I am all _ trying to find ways to save money, but we have to maintain certain standards of quality.A. in favour of B. in memory of C. in honor of D. in search of【

23、答案】A【解析】句意：我完全赞同尽力找到省钱的方法，但是我们必须维持一定的质量标准。in favour of 赞成，支持；in memory of 为纪念；in honor of 为了对表示敬意；in search of 寻找。10.He invented a new game _ children, but it never really _.A. intended for; caught on B. intended to; counted on6C. for; caught up on D. intended to; caught on【答案】A【解析】(be)intended for

24、为而准备；(be) intended to do sth 打算做某事；catch on 变得流行；catch up on事后得到关于的消息，赶完，对有影响；count on 指望，依靠，依赖，期望。句意：他为孩子们发明了一种新的游戏，但它从来没有真正在流行起来。11.The _ to the environment has helped many animals to escape from their enemies and fit in with thesurroundings.A. adaptation B. adoption C. recreation D. foundation【答案

25、】A【解析】adaptation 改编，适应；adoption 收养，采纳；recreation 娱乐；foundation 基础。句意：对环境的适应帮助很多动物摆脱天敌、适应周围的环境。12.Many houses were completely destroyed in the hurricane which struck the area last week. _, the victimshad to live in the temporary shelters offered by the Red Cross.A. As a result of B. As a consequence

26、C. As usual D. As for【答案】B【解析】as a result of 由于的结果，of 后须接宾语；as a consequenceas a result 结果，因此；as usual跟往常一样；as for 至于。consequence 指随之而发生的结果，而 result 指最后的结果。句意：许多房屋被上周袭击这个地区的飓风给摧毁了。结果，受害者不得不住在红十字会提供的临时避难所里。13.It is important that climatefriendly technologies should be _ to developing countries to hel

27、p them buildgreen economy.7A. transformed B. communicated C. committed D. transferred【答案】D【解析】transfer“转移，转让，传递” ，符合句意。句意：应该将一些环保型技术转让给发展中国家帮助他们建立环保型的经济，这一点很重要。transform 改变；communicate 交流；commit 犯罪，承诺做。14.The spokesman _ that the president would visit China next week，which cleaned up all doubts.A. c

28、oncluded B. advised C. demanded D. confirmed【答案】D【解析】confirm 确认；conclude 结束；advise 建议；demand 要求。句意：新闻发言人确认了总统将于下周访问中国，这消除了一切怀疑。故只有 D 项符合题意。15.Martys disability is “one in a million”. _,there are not many people in the world like him.A. In other words B. All in all C. For one thing D. On the other ha

29、nd【答案】A【解析】句意：Marty 的障碍是“一百万分之一” 。换句话说，世界上不是很多人都像他那样。in otherwords“换句话说” ，符合句意。三、完形填空。When my sister Diane began playing the violin, she was seven. How did she sound? Terrible. But she didnt 1 . At twelve, she asked our parents if she could 2 a fulltime music school. They said no. Actually, everyone

30、 agreed that my sister 3 talent. I was better at my 4 . My teacher had told my parents that I had great 5 . So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area to 6 me. But the only time he was 7 was Saturday afternoons at 3 pm. Back then, I was 8 about the British TV show The Avengers, which was

31、 9 every Saturday at 3 pm. I let 8nothing take up my The Avengers hour. So I 10 this amazing opportunity.Today, I dont even have a 11 in my house.My sister became an engineer, but she 12 stopped making music. When she was in her 40s, she switched her 13 . She went back to college，got a(n) 14 in musi

32、c education，and became a music teacher. She starts kids off on their first instrument and gives them all the encouragement and support she never 15 Recently, she and a pianist pal put on a recital. A big crowd of friends and family 16 for her. As she played, I looked around at the 17 . Everyone was

33、18 enjoying the music. It occurred to me that I was the only person that remembered that 7yearold kid making those perfectly 19 sounds and knew how far she had come, despite 20 Talent is important. But enthusiasm is even more important.【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述妹妹追求梦想的经历告诉我们：天赋很重要，但更重要的是热情。1A.advance Bq

34、uitCreflect DlistenB 解析：根据上文的“How did she sound？Terrible.”可知， “我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了；结合本句的“But”表示的转折意义可知，但她没有放弃(quit)。2A.inspect BopenCattend DvisitC 解析：根据上文可知，尽管妹妹的小提琴演奏得很糟糕，但是她仍不愿放弃；据此可以判断，本句句意为：在十二岁时，她问父母她是否可以去全日制的音乐学校上学。attend school为固定搭配，意为“上学” 。3A.lacked BspottedCpossessed DadmiredA 解析：根据上文的“They sa

35、id no.”和父母没有答应让她去全日制音乐学校学习可以判断，每个人都认为“我”的妹妹缺乏(lacked)天赋，故 A项正确。4A.major BprojectCcomposition Dinstrument9D 解析：根据本段第三句的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知， “我”的父母为“我”找了当地最好的钢琴老师教“我”学钢琴；据此可以判断，与妹妹相比， “我”更擅长“我”的乐器。5A.patience BenthusiasmCpotential DambitionC 解析：根据下文的“So my parent

36、s found the best piano teacher in the area”可知， “我”的父母为“我”找了当地最好的钢琴老师来教“我”学钢琴；据此可以判断，老师告诉父母说“我”很有潜能(potential)。A 项意为“耐心” ，B 项意为“热情” ，D项意为“抱负” ，都与语境不符。6A.train BexamineCcorrect DchallengeA 解析：参见上题解析。A 项意为“培训，教育” ；B 项意为“检查” ；C 项意为“改正” ；D 项意为“挑战” 。7A.punctual BskillfulCoccupied DavailableD 解析：根据语境可知，钢琴老

37、师只有每周六下午三点有空。D 项意为“有空的” ，符合语境，故 D项正确。A 项意为“准时的” ，B 项意为“技术好的” ，C 项意为“使用中” ，都与语境不符。8A.sensitive BcrazyCserious DparticularB 解析：根据本句中的“about the British TV show”可判断， “我”热衷于一档英国电视节目。be crazy about 为固定搭配，意为“热衷于” ，故 B项正确。A 项意为“敏感的” ，C 项意为“严肃的” ，D 项意为“特别的，挑剔” ，都与语境不符。9A.filmed BdesignedCaired DcommentedC 解

38、析：根据该句中的“every Saturday at 3 pm.”可知，这档英国电视节目在每周六的下午三点播放。air 在本句中意为“播出，播送” ，属于熟词生义，故 C项正确。A项意为“拍电影” ，B 项意为“设计” ，D 项意为“评论” 。10A.jumped at Bturned downCwaited for Dopened up10B 解析：根据前一句可知， “我”不让任何事情占用“我”看这档节目的时间，据此可以判断， “我”拒绝了这一机会。B 项意为“拒绝” ，符合语境，故 B项正确。A 项意为“迫不及待地接受” ，C 项意为“等待，等候” ，D 项意为“打开” ，都与语境不符。1

39、1A.tutor BviolinCmusician DpianoD 解析：根据本段的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可以判断，由于“我”拒绝了学钢琴，所以现在家里甚至一台钢琴也没有，故 D项正确。12A.never BonceCalready DevenA 解析：根据空后两句可知， “我”妹妹在四十几岁时上大学学习音乐；据此可知，尽管“我”妹妹成了一名工程师，但是她从未(never)停止对音乐的追求，故 A项正确。13A.attitude BcareerCplan DpositionB 解析：根据下文的“and b

40、ecame a music teacher”可知，在她四十几岁时，她改变了职业(career)，从工程师成为一名音乐老师，故 B项正确。A 项意为“态度” ，C 项意为“计划” ，D 项意为“地位” ，都与语境不符。14A.scholarship BsponsorCdegree DassistantC 解析：根据句中的“She went back to college”和“and became a music teacher”可知，她重返大学学习音乐，并取得了音乐教育的学位(degree)，成了一名音乐老师。A 项意为“奖学金” ，B 项意为“赞助人” ，D 项意为“助手” ，都与语境不符。1

41、5A.provided BimaginedCreceived DexpectedC 解析：根据上文可知， “我”的父母认为妹妹没有音乐天赋，拒绝了妹妹上全日制音乐学校的请求，据此可以判断，妹妹做音乐老师时，给了孩子们她未曾得到(received)的鼓励和支持。A 项意为“提供” ，B 项意为“想象” ，D 项意为“期望” ，都与语境不符。16A.voted BfearedCstayed up Dturned upD 解析：根据上文的“put on a recital”可知，妹妹和一位钢琴家举办了一场演奏11会；据此可以判断，朋友和家人们都到场了。A 项意为“投票” ，B 项意为“担心，害怕”

42、，C项意为“熬夜” ，D 项意为“到达，露面” 。17A.students BaudienceCspotlights DplatformB 解析：根据下文的“enjoying the music”可知，所有人都在欣赏妹妹演奏的音乐；据此可知， “我”环顾了四周的观众(audience)，故 B项正确。A 项意为“学生” ，C 项意为“聚光灯” ，D 项意为“平台，讲台” 。18A.obviously BdesperatelyCappropriately DanxiouslyA 解析：根据本句中的“enjoying the music”可知，很显然(obviously)，所有人都在欣赏妹妹演奏的

43、音乐。B 项意为“极其” ，C 项意为“恰当地” ，D 项意为“着急地” ，都与语境不符。19A.booming BpleasingCawful DpowerfulC 解析：根据上文的“How did she sound？Terrible.”可知，七岁时， “我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了(awful)，故 C项正确。A 项意为“迅速发展的” ，B 项意为“令人愉快的” ，D 项意为“有力量的” ，都与语境不符。20A.everything BsomethingCeverybody DsomebodyA 解析：根据本句中的“and knew how far she had come，despi

44、te”并结合上文可知，“我”想起了妹妹七岁时演奏小提琴的糟糕的声音，只有“我”知道她不顾一切(everything)走了多远。四、短文改错。My neighbor Jackie is always consideration to others.One day，I was going to deliver a speech at an institute while I found my car wouldnt get starting.I rushed to the street to hire a taxi.Just at that time，I come across Jackie.He

45、 was hurried going to attend his sick mother in hospital.Furthermore，when he learned about my problems，he didnt hesitate to give me a lift.I arrived at the lecture hall in time，when the audience had been present.I owe my great thanks to my neighbor Jackie，who is a person ready to help the others at

46、any time.12答案：My neighbor Jackie is always to others.One day，I was going considerationconsiderateto deliver a speech at an institute I found my car wouldnt get whilewhen.I rushed to the street to hire a taxi.Just at that time，I across startingstarted comecameJackie.He was going to attend his sick mo

47、ther in hospital.hurriedhurriedly to ，when he learned about my ，he didnt hesitate to give FurthermoreHowever problemsproblemme a lift.I arrived at the lecture hall in time， the audience had been whenwherepresent.I owe my great thanks to my neighbor Jackie，who is a person ready to help others at any time.the