2019高考英语一轮优练题Unit1Friendship（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

1、1Unit 1 Friendship李仕才考点规范练(必修 1 Unit 1)【短文语法填空】Is “sorry” the hardest word?Not for the British Education Secretary Michael Gove,1. has apologised recently to his former French teacher 2. his bad behaviour in class.It took him 30 years to express regret.In a letter 3. (publish) in a magazine,Mr.Gove

2、says,“It may be too late to say Im sorry.But,as my mom told me,its never too late to set the record straight.” Researchers argue that people have too high expectations of the power of saying sorry.Some psychologists say in a study that 4. (receive) an apology isnt as 5. (help) as people think.Nevert

3、heless,apologies might be an important social tool as they reaffirm(再次确定) the 6. (exist) of rules that need to be observed. The Education Secretarys apology might have been accepted by his old teacher but he might get 7. (he) into trouble.According to Daily Mail,Mr.Goves mother didnt know her son wa

4、s causing trouble at school and she 8. (say),“He would have been punished 9. I had known he was being so naughty.”Later,Gove said,“I can never express my apology to him face to face these daysit just goes through to his answering machine.But when I do 10. (eventual) speak to him,I will say sorry.” 【

5、解题导语】本文主要讲述了英国教育部秘书长给曾经的法语老师道歉的故事。1.who 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中做主语,修饰先行词 Michael Gove,指人,故用 who。2.for 考查介词。apologise to sb. for sth.意为“因为某事向某人道歉”,为固定搭配,故用介词 for。3.published 考查非谓语动词。publish 和句子谓语 says 之间没有连词,故空处用非谓语2动词,且 publish 和 a letter 构成动宾关系,故用过去分词做后置定语。4.receiving 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并根据谓语 isnt 可知,此

6、处是动词-ing形式做主语。5.helpful 考查形容词。由 isnt 可知,此处用形容词做表语,且 as.as 中间用形容词或副词的原级。故用 helpful。6.existence 考查名词。根据定冠词 the 和空格后的介词 of 可知,此处应用 existence。7.himself 考查代词。由句子主语 he 可知,此处应用反身代词 himself,表示“他自己”,符合语境。8.said 考查动词时态。根据 and 可知,前后时态应一致,由 didnt 可知,应用一般过去时said。9.if 考查连词。根据语境可知,上下句表示逻辑上的条件关系,故用连词 if。10.eventual

7、ly 考查副词。修饰动词应用副词,故用副词 eventually,在句子中做状语。.阅读理解A(2016沈阳第一次质量监测)When going through major life changes,like changing careers,I would change the people with whom I spent the most time.Weve all gone through periods when the people in our lives have changedgraduation,moving to a new city,getting a new job

8、,joining a new club,etc.I dont think I need to convince you just how much influence other people can have over your identity.If youve ever experienced a major switch in your people environment,then you know that you change as well.Most people dont make these choices consciously(有意识地) though.You migh

9、t consciously decide to spend more time with a certain friend,or you may ask someone out on a date to begin a new relationship.But few people choose their existing friendships deliberately.Theres no“getting rid of people”.People are always dropping into and out of each others lives.Associations grow

10、 into friendships,and friendships fade into associations.You dont get rid of anyone.The truth is that in order to make room for new people and new experiences,you may need to loosen up some 3of your existing connections. What about loyalty(忠诚)?Shouldnt you always be loyal to your friends?Once you ha

11、ve a close friend,even if his influence on you is slightly harmful,shouldnt you stick by him?Loyalty to a friend sometimes means having to let go.It means being loyal to his highest and best self as well.If someone is destroying his health by smoking,for example,you arent showing loyalty by smoking

12、right along with him.True loyalty sometimes requires that you break damaging connections,get yourself back on solid ground,and then decide what you can really do to help your friend.It can take a lot of courage to tell someone,“Im sorry,but I cant have you in my life anymore.”But even though this mi

13、ght seem like a selfish act at times,its often the best thing for the other person too.If a relationship is holding you back in some way,understand that its also hurting the other person.For example,if you work for a violent boss,your acceptance of that situation is considered to be silent approval,

14、encouraging your boss to continue to behave violently.1.When experiencing major life changes,people may . A.join a new social communityB.influence their friends aroundC.choose their friendships purposelyD.have their people environment changed2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?A.

15、Everyone has at least one friend.B.It is unnecessary to make new friends.C.Friendship still exists though there are fewer connections.D.You ought to treat your old and new friends equally.3.What is the authors opinion on the loyalty to friends?A.Never betray your close friends whatever happens.B.Cor

16、rect their mistakes while you guard their goodness.4C.Stick by your friends even though they do harm to you.D.Break up with your friends immediately if they smoke.4.How should we behave when employed by a violent boss?A.We should accept what we are told to do.B.We should stay silent and be in favor

17、of him.C.We should bravely disobey him if he is wrong.D.We should give our boss courage to continue.BIf you have a chance to go to Finland，you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.Take the taxi drivers for example.Taxis in Finland are mostly highclass Benz with a f

18、are of two US dollars a kilometer.You can go anywhere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，say that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare.The driver would not show the least signs of anxiety.The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their g

19、uests，but also serve outside diners.Hotel guests have their meals free，so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals.The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration cards to the waiter.With such a loose check，you can easily use any old registration c

20、ard to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.The Finnish workers are paid by the hour.They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss at the rate.From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.With so many loopholes(漏洞

21、) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty_advantages”But the strange thing is that all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fares after they have attended to their business and that not a single outsider has ever been found in the free ho

22、tel dining rooms.And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in.As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do，living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman” 1The underlined words in Paragraph 5 means to “_” Abe ready to help others5Bmake

23、good use of ones friendsCbe a little ahead of othersDgain something at others expense2Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?AWhile taking a taxi in Finland，you can get off without first paying your fare.BIn a big hotel in Finland, you can enjoy free meals if youre living in the

24、 hotel.CThe bosses in Finland pay the employees according to the registration of their working hours.DThe workers are always honest with their working hours.3We can learn from the passage that _.Athe Finnish society is of very high moral(道德的)levelBthere are many loopholes in everyday life in Finland

25、Cin Finland，most taxi drivers will not charge you anythingDeveryone in Finland is like a gentleman，for they have faith in themselves4Which of the following is the best title of the passage?ALife in FinlandBA Society with “Foolish” PeopleCWhat a LifeDHonest accounts of the Finns【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要通过一

26、些例子，介绍了芬兰人的诚实，并且诚实让他们成为真正的“绅士” 。【难句分析】You can go anywhere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，say that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中 that you have some business to attend to 为 that引导的宾语从句，作 say 的宾语。译文：你可以乘一辆出租车去任何地方，告诉司机让你在任

27、何地方下车，告诉(司机)你有一些事情要处理，然后不付车费就可以离开。1D 考查词义猜测。根据第五段第一句“With so many loopholes(漏洞)in everyday life，surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take petty_advantages”可知，在日常生活中芬兰出现了很多的“漏洞” 。结合上文内容可知，在芬兰，如果你告诉出租车司机你有一些事要处理，你不付车费就可以离开；在宾馆用旧的6登记卡就可以享受免费大餐；工人只要告诉老板自己工作的时长就可以得到相应的工资，这些就是“漏洞” 。由此可知，芬兰

28、确实是那些爱贪小便宜的人的天堂，画线词意为“小便宜” ，故 D 项正确。2C 考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容，尤其是第三句“From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly”可知，老板是根据工人自己所说的工作时长给工人支付工资的，而不是根据登记的时长，所以 C 项与文意不符，故选 C 项。根据第五段第二句可知，你可以先下车离开，等处理完事情后再付车费，故 A 项与文意相符；根据第三段最后两句可知，如果你在芬兰大宾馆入住，你可以凭登记卡享受免费大餐，故 B 项与

29、文意相符；根据最后一段倒数第二句“And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in”可知，芬兰工人总是诚实地汇报自己实际的工作时长，故 D 项与文意相符。3A 考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句，并结合全文内容可知，在芬兰，乘出租车的乘客可以先下车离开，等处理完事情后再付车费；没有在宾馆登记入住的人并不会去宾馆享受免费大餐；工人可以按照自己报的工作时长向老板索要工资。因为芬兰人总是诚实地做每一件事，生活在这样一个社会里，每个人都变成了一个真正的“绅士” 。据此可以判断，芬兰社会有着很高的道德水平，故

30、 A 项正确。根据第五段第一句可知，在日常生活中，芬兰社会有很多可以让贪小便宜的人钻的“漏洞” ，这是文章所叙述的事实，而不是推论出来的内容，故 B 项不符合题意；根据第五段第二句可知，乘客会在办完事后支付车费，故 C 项错误；根据文章最后一句可知，芬兰人总是诚实地做一切事情，故他们都像绅士，并不是说芬兰人信任自己，故 D 项错误。4B 考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章先通过人们认为芬兰人很“愚蠢”引出本文话题，接着举例介绍了芬兰人“愚蠢”的情况，最后点明主旨，即芬兰是一个道德水平很高的国家，人们的诚实让他们都成为绅士。据此可以判断，B 项最适合做文章标题。.完形填空(2017山东潍坊 1 月

31、期末检测)I met my best friend Jayce when we were 11 years old.I was adopted and 1 by my grandparents and was new to the city.We immediately knew we were best 2 in 6th grade and we spent every single 3 together:playing dress up,going to school dances,doing gymnastics,the normal things 4 you are that age.

32、When I was 16 years old,my family was put in a 5 situation.My grandfather got into the habit of 6 drugs,we lost everything;we lost our house,our 7car,everything.My grandmother 7 me to be able to make the choice of where I would 8 to live.She told me “Krisi,I love you,now you can come with me or you

33、can 9 in an orphanage.” 10 I knew it,Jayce invited me to live with her and her family.I was able to finish high school and continue my 11 at our local university.It was a dream that 12 and the kindest thing I have 13 experienced.Not only did I get to spend every day with my best friend but I got to

34、know what family truely 14 . I have never met more loving and 15 people.I was like one of their own.I felt a sense of 16 .What her mother and father did has 17 me to this day.They taught me about life,what to do and what not to do,very special 18 that I always treasure.They saved my life!I am 19 eve

35、ry single day for her and her family! I am truly 20 with the company of a friend like Jayce in my life. 1.A.calmed down B.cheered upC.watched over D.brought up2.A.students B.friendsC.neighbours D.actresses3.A.coin B.class C.moment D.vacation4.A.when B.as if C.in case D.since5.A.peaceful B.angryC.bad

36、 D.pleasant6.A.using B.needingC.selling D.studying7.A.forced B.forbadeC.wanted D.frightened8.A.refuse B.continue C.happen D.wait9.A.stay B.work C.volunteer D.play10.A.Unitl B.As C.After D.Before11.A.task B.education C.career D.hobby812.A.turned up B.made a differenceC.came true D.came into being13.A

37、.ever B.then C.never D.even14.A.includes B.presents C.lacks D.means15.A.challenging B.acceptingC.demanding D.daring16.A.direction B.shameC.belonging D.dignity17.A.affected B.praised C.changed D.blamed18.A.lectures B.lessons C.opinions D.concepts19.A.moved B.stubbornC.excited D.grateful20.A.concerned

38、 B.burdenedC.connected D.blessed. 短文改错(2017合肥第一次质检)I still remember the first day I come to this new school.Everything was new to me,what made me realize I was no longer a small child.I had to depend on me.Luckily,I made several good friend.Their interests were similar with mine.I had great English

39、teacher,Maggie.She let me know the important of English.So I decided to learn English hardly.Although it was very difficult at first,but with the help of my teacher,I made rapidly progress.Just as the old saying goes,“Where there is a will,there is a way.”考点规范练(必修 1 Unit 1)9.阅读理解A【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述

40、了人的一生会经历很多的改变,进而告诉我们:如何适应改变以及怎样做才是对朋友真正的忠诚。1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“When going through major life changes.I would change the people with whom I spent the most time.youve ever experienced a major switch in your people environment.”可知,当经历人生重大改变时,人们也会经历人际环境的改变。即 D 项正确。2.C 句意理解题。根据画线句后的“People are always dro

41、pping into and out of each others lives.Associations grow into friendships,and friendships fade into associations.You dont get rid of anyone.you may need to loosen up some of your existing connections.”可知,尽管人们之间的联系少了,但友谊依然存在。故选C 项。3.B 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的第二句和最后一句可知,作者对朋友忠诚的态度是纠正错误但要捍卫他们的优点,即 B 项正确。4.C 推

42、理判断题。根据最后一段中的“.your acceptance of that situation is considered to be silent approval,encouraging your boss to continue to behave violently.”可知,如果老板错了,员工就要勇敢地不去服从,即 C 项正确。B.【解题导语】本文为一篇记叙文。作者被祖父母收养,在 11 岁的时候遇到了自己最好的朋友杰丝,后来因为家庭变故,祖父染上了毒品,作者与杰丝一家生活在了一起。杰丝一家很有爱,她的爸爸妈妈也对作者产生了很大的影响,教会了作者什么该做、什么不该做,使作者受益终生。

43、1.D 根据上下文可知,“我”被祖父母收养并养育长大。calm down“使平静,镇静”;cheer up“使振作起来”;watch over“看守,看管”;bring up“养育”,故选 D 项。2.B 根据文章第一句可知,杰丝是我的好朋友。因此,此处表示“在六年级的时候,我们很快就认识了,并且成为了最好的朋友(friends)” 。3.C 根据下文可知,我们一起玩化妆游戏,一起去学校跳舞、做体操等等,这些都是我们单10独在一起度过的时刻(moment),故选 C 项。4.A 根据下文的 you are that age 可知,此处是 when 引导的时间状语从句。而 as if“似乎,好像

44、”,in case“万一”,since“自从”用在此处均不符合句意。故选 A 项。5.C 根据下文可知,祖父吸毒使“我”的家庭遭遇不好的变故,陷入困难的(bad)境地,故选C 项。6.A 根据下文我们倾家荡产可知,祖父是吸(using)毒,而不是贩卖或学习毒品,故选 A 项。7.C “我”的祖母让(wanted)“我”做出决定,并没有任何强迫或禁止的意思,故force“强迫”,forbid“禁止”,frighten“使惊恐”,均不符合句意,故选 C 项。8.B 祖父吸毒,家庭破裂,此处表示祖母让“我”选择继续(continue)生活的地方。故选 B项。9.A 根据上下文可知,祖母让“我”选择与

45、她生活在一起,或者是待在(stay)孤儿院。work“工作”,volunteer“自愿”,paly“玩”均不符合句意,故选 A 项。10.D 根据下文可知,杰丝想邀请“我”和她的家庭生活在一起,是发生在“我”遭遇家庭变故之前(Before)。故选 D 项。11.B 根据语境可知,“我”读完高中,然后继续接受教育(education),在本地读大学。task“工作,任务”,career“职业”,hobby“爱好”均不符合句意,故选 B 项。12.C 根据语境可知,读完高中继续读大学,这些都曾是作者的梦想,而且都已经实现了(came true),是作者曾经(ever)所经历的最美好的事情。 tur

46、n up“出现”,make a difference“有影响”,come into being“产生”均不符合句意,故选 C 项。13.A 参见上题解析。14.D “我”不仅能与好朋友生活在一起,而且还能体会到家庭的真正含义。mean“意思”符合句意,而 include“包括”,present“提出”,lack“缺乏”均不符合句意,故选 D 项。15.B 根据下文作者“就像他们自己的孩子一样”可知,杰丝的家庭是充满爱意的,是接受(accepting)“我”的。故选 B 项。16.C 根据上下文可知,“我”找到了一种家庭归属(belonging)感。direction“方向”,shame“羞愧”

47、,dignity“尊严”均不符合语境,故选 C 项。17.A 根据上下文语境可知,杰丝的爸爸妈妈接受了“我”,并教会了“我”如何生活,直到今天,他们所做的一切都对“我”有很大的影响(affected)。而 praise“赞扬”,change“改变”,blame“责备”均不符合语境,故选 A 项。18.B 杰丝的爸爸妈妈教会“我”如何生活,教会“我”什么该做,什么不该做等等,这些对11“我”来说都是一些特殊的功课(lessons),是“我”一生所珍视的东西。而 lecture“讲座”,opinion“观点”,concept“概念”均不符合句意,故选 B 项。19.D 根据语境可知,他们拯救了“我

48、”的生活!“我”非常感激(grateful)杰丝和她的家人。故选 D 项。20.D be blessed with“在方面有福气,有幸得到”,be concerned with“与有关”,be burdened with“担负”,be connected with“与相连” 。根据句意可知,有一个像杰丝这样的朋友的陪伴是“我”的福气,故选 D 项。.短文改错I still remember the first day I to this new school.Everything was new to me, made me realize I was no longer a small ch

49、ild.I had to depend on .Luckily,I made several good .Their interests were similar mine.I had great English teacher,Maggie.She let me know the of English.So I decided to learn English .Although it was very difficult at first,butwith the help of my teacher,I made progress.Just as the old saying goes.“Where there is