2019高考英语一轮基础梳理与练习Unit2Workingtheland（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

1、1Unit 2 Working the land李仕才【短文语法填空】Most people agree that the best way 1. (improve) your skills in any endeavor is to practice and practice and then practice some more.This applies 2. (equal) to playing sports or becoming a good musician, painter or doctor.Of course, natural talent also plays a part

2、 in high 3. (achieve), but learning the correct techniques and then practicing them will improve anyones performance.The same principle 4. (apply) to competent readers.There are certain 5. (technique) you can learn and then 6. is up to you to practice.The texts you choose to practice with should not

3、 be too difficult or you will soon get frustrated and bored.One way to test 7. a text is at the right level or not is to read the first page.If the percentage of new words is 8. (high) than 3%, you will not be able to read the text easily and so will probably not enjoy it.Reading will also be enjoya

4、ble if the subject interests you or you believe it is useful.For example, suppose in biology you were studying how plants reproduce, then you could find an English text about this 9. the Internet.That way you would be practicing reading in English as well as 10. (study) biology.【解题导语】 文章向我们介绍了英语阅读练习

5、的相关技巧，强调练习在任何领域都起着重要作用。1to improve 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数人认为在任何尝试中，提升你技能最好的方式是练习、练习、再练习。the best way to do sth.为固定结构，意为“做某事的最佳方式” ，动词不定式结构作后置定语。2equally 解析：考查词性转换。句意为：这一点同样适用于体育运动或成为一名好的音乐家、画家或医生。分析句子结构可知，apply to 为动词短语，应用副词修饰。故填equally。3achievement(s) 解析：考查词性转换。句意：当然，天赋对于取得高成就起着重要作2用设空前为介词 in，故填 achieve

6、的名词形式 achievement(s)，作宾语。4applies 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：同样的原则适用于有能力的读者。根据句意及句子结构可知，The same principle 为主语，且此处阐述的是客观事实，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填 applies。5techniques 解析：考查名词单复数。句意：有些特定的技巧供你学习，然后练习取决于你自己。technique 在此意为“技巧” ，为可数名词，根据 There are可知应用复数形式。故填 techniques。6it 解析：考查代词。句意见上一题解析。It is up to sb.to do sth.为固

7、定句型，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故填 it。7whether 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：检测一篇文章是否难度适中的一种方式是读第一页。分析句子结构可知，test 为动词，后接宾语从句，结合句意和空后的 or not可知，此处填 whether。8higher 解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：如果生词率高于 3%，你将很难读懂文章，因此可能也不会喜欢这篇文章。根据空后的 than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填higher。9on 解析：考查介词。句意：你可以在网上找到有关这一主题的英文文章。on the Internet为固定搭配，意为“在网上” 。10studying

8、 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以用那种方式练习用英语阅读和学习生物。由 as well as可知，practicing 和设空处并列，故填 studying。一高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏expand vt.&vi.使变大；伸展export vt.&vi.输出；出口rid vt.摆脱；除去reduce vt.减少；减缩focus n焦点；中心点 vt.集中；聚焦comment n评论；议论 vi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论equip vt.&vi.配备；装备 equipment n设备3confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难 confused adj

9、.迷惑的 confusing adj.令人困惑的regret vt.遗憾；惋惜 n遗憾；懊悔 regretful adj.后悔的；遗憾的2常考词汇therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而decade n. 十年；十年期output n. 产量；输出skim vt. 浏览；略读underline vt. 画底线标出；强调battle n. 战役；战斗；斗争；较量vt.&vi. 搏斗；奋斗hunger n. 饥饿；欲望vt.&vi. (使)饥饿hungry adj. 饥饿的disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的；disturb vt. 打扰circulate vt.&vi.循

10、环；流传circulation n. 循环；流传 discovery n发现；发觉discover vt. 发现occupation n. 工作；职业；占领occupy vt. 占据；占领chemical adj. 化学的；关于化学的n. 化学药品；chemistry n. 化学；chemist n. 化学家用所给单词的适当形式填空1Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catchers productivity (product)(2017全国卷)2What does the underlined (underli

11、ne) word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to？(2017全国卷)3If someone knocks and its not an important matter，excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint (暗示) that when the door is closed，youre not to be disturbed (disturb)(2017全国卷)4These animals consumed large amounts of veget

12、ation (植被), which reduced (reduce) plant diversity in the park.(2017全国卷)5Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment (equip) with you, since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes.(2017全国卷)46To help you do that，your brain increases your hunger (hungry) for new experiences.(2016

13、北京卷)7George Vaillant is the psychologist(心理学家) who made the discovery (discover)(2016天津卷)8Most of us are more focused (focus) on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.(2016全国卷)9Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the harmful effects of chemicals (chemistry) on hum

14、ans.(2016全国卷)10Taking melatonin (褪黑激素) drugs has been suggested to those who are_struggling (struggle) to fall asleep at night.(2016四川卷)“因此”家族therefore adv.因此；所以；因而so conj.因此，所以thus adv.因此，于是consequently adv.所以，因此as a result 结果，因此后缀-tion 构成的抽象名词addition 增加，增加物application 请求，应用，运用appreciation 欣赏，鉴赏ce

15、lebration 庆祝，典礼combination 结合concentration 集中，专心conduction 传导congratulation 祝贺consideration 考虑，思考construction 建造，建筑动词“扩展；扩大”荟萃extend 延伸；扩大enlarge 扩大；放大spread 扩展；蔓延；传播expand 扩展；扩张；膨胀broaden 使变宽，扩展5widen 加宽，使张开，使扩大后缀-dom 构成的名词一览freedom 自由wisdom 智慧kingdom 王国filmdom 电影界，电影业【完形填空】Falling off a boxcar and

16、 landing on my head，I lost my sight when I was four years old.Now I am thirtytwo.I can _1_ remember the brightness of sunshine.It would be wonderful to see again，_2_ a tragedy can do strange things to people.It _3_ to me that I might not have come to love life as I do now if I hadnt been blind.My pa

17、rents and my teacher saw something _4_ me，and they made me want to _5_ against blindness.The hardest _6_ I had to learn was to believe in myself.If I hadnt been able to do that，I would have _7_ down for the rest of my life.When I say _8_ in myself I am not talking about _9_ the kind of selfconfidenc

18、e that _10_ me down an unfamiliar staircase(楼梯)alone.But I mean something bigger than that：the assurance that I am a real positive person _11_ imperfections.It took me years to obtain this _12_.It had to start with the _13_.Once a man gave me an indoor _14_.“I cant use this， ”I said.“Take it with yo

19、u， ” he _15_ me， “and roll it around.”The _16_ stuck in my head.“Roll it around！” By rolling the ball I could hear where it went.This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought _17_. At the School for the Blind I _18_ a new kind of baseball called the “ground ball”All my life I have set a s

20、eries of goals and then tried to reach them，one at a time.I had to learn my _19_.I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made _20_.1A.randomly BabruptlyCroughly Dcompletely2A.so BbutCthus Dand3A.occurred BreferredCbrought Dturned4A.of Bfor6Cto Din5A.get BfightCfind Ddrop6A.method Bexperie

21、nceClesson Dmanner7A.broken BputCsettled Dlay8A.courage BambitionCbelief Dpower9A.firmly BsimplyCfairly Dslightly10A.stops BhelpsCfinds Dgives11A.despite BbesidesCwithout Dunlike12A.description BexistenceCaccusation Drecognition13A.intelligence BincidentCtrouble Ddetermination14A.chair BbaseballCgam

22、e Ddesign15A.urged BblamedCgreeted Dteased16A.goals BwordsCimages Dideas17A.valuable BreasonableCimpossible Dunbearable18A.discovered BequippedCformed Dinvented19A.limitations BadvantagesCpuzzles Dpersonalities20A.sense BprogressCmistakes Ddecisions【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了“我”在四岁的时候失去了视7力，但通过一件小事， “我

23、”学会了自信，并逐渐取得进步的过程。【核心词汇】tragedy 悲剧 imperfection 缺点on the average一般来说 roughly 粗略地1C 考查副词。 “我”四岁时失去视力，现在已经三十二岁了。由此可推知，此处表示“我”粗略地记得，故选 C。roughly“粗略地，大致上” 。2B 考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文之间是转折关系，故选 B。3A 考查动词。 “我”想到如果“我”没有失明“我”可能不会像现在这样热爱生活。It occurs to sb.that.为固定句型，意为“某人想到” 。4D 考查介词。 “我”父母以及老师看到了“我”内在的一些东西，他们让“我”想要

24、与失明作斗争。根据语境可知，此处应选 D。5B 考查动词。参见上题解析。fight against.“与作斗争” 。6C 考查名词。 “我”学到的最困难的一课(lesson)就是要相信“我”自己。7A 考查动词。如果“我”做不到那样的话， “我”可能已经精神崩溃了。break down“(在健康或精神等方面)垮掉” 。8C 考查名词。根据上文中的“to believe in myself”可知，此处应选 C项与上文相照应。9B 考查副词。 “我”说的信心并不仅仅(simply)指帮助(helps)“我”走下陌生楼梯的自信。10B 考查动词。参见上题解析。11A 考查介词。尽管“我”是一个不完美

25、的人，但是“我”是一个积极的人。despite“尽管” ，符合语境。12D 考查名词。 “我”花了很多年才认识到这一点。A 项意为“描述” ；B 项意为“存在” ；C 项意为“控告” ；D 项意为“认识” 。13B 考查名词。这从一件小事开始。A 项意为“智慧” ；B 项意为“小事” ；C 项意为“麻烦” ；D 项意为“决心” 。14B 考查名词。根据下文中的“a new kind of baseball”可知，此处指棒球。15A 考查动词。根据语境可知，此处指他一直在敦促“我” 。urge“强烈要求，敦促” 。16B 考查名词。他所说的话(words)印在“我”的脑海中，故选 B。17C 考

26、查形容词。这给了“我”一个如何实现”我”认为不可能(impossible)的目标的想法。A 项意为“有价值的” ；B 项意为“合情理的” ；C 项意为“不可能的” ；D 项意为“无法容忍的” 。18D 考查动词。在盲人学校“我”发明(invented)了一种新的被称之为“地滚球”的棒球。A 项意为“发现” ；B 项意为“配备” ；C 项意为“形成” ；D 项意为“发明” 。819A 考查名词。 “我”不得不了解自己的不足之处。limitation“(某人或某物的) 局限性，不足之处” 。20B 考查名词。 “我”有时会失败，但一般说来“我”取得了进步。make progress“取得进展” 。

27、二重点短语识记思考运用1动词介词/副词search for 寻找；搜寻turn to 转向；求助于focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发lead to 导致；造成(后果)rid. of 使摆脱或除去2其他形式would rather 宁愿；宁可thanks to 幸亏；由于，因为be satisfied with 对感到满意with the hope of 怀有的希望keep.free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)；使不含(有害物质)用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1They tried again and again until all of

28、us were_satisfied.(2017北京卷)2Studying babiesplay may lead_to a better understanding of science.(2016浙江卷)3Usually，gossip spreads information about a topic that a person would_rather keep secret.(2016浙江卷)4Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks_to the comfortable climate fo

29、r business creation.(2016江苏卷)5After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years，I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear.(2015浙江卷)“动词up”短语小结come up 上来，长出，出现keep up 保持hurry up 赶快9stay up 挺住，熬夜make up 构成，组成，编造，弥补speed up 加快速度“动词to”短语荟萃lead to 导致，通向attend to 处理，专心于，照料add to 增添agree

30、to 同意come to 苏醒refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅三佳句选粹在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句 学句型 练仿写1.If so, what did you do to grow these plants?如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？if so 意为“如果是这样的话” ，是 if 引导的条件状语从句的省略形式。这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。Will you be free this Sunday? If_so，lets go camping. 2.In 1973，he became the first agricultural pioneer in the worl

31、d to grow rice that has a high output.1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。the first/last/best.n.to do sth.“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个做某事的人/物” 。她总是第一个到办公室最后一个离开，我猜这就是她那么快得到晋升的原因。She is always the first person to_go_to_the_office_and_the_last_to_leave，which I guess is why she is promoted so quickly.3.This special strain o

32、f rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获 20%的产量。“make itadj.动词不定式”结构。他的梦想是奥运会将使得各个国家和人民和平共处。His dream was that the Olympic Games would make_it_possible_for_countries_and_people_to_live peacefully side by side.4.He would much rather keep time for h

33、is hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好would rather do sth.“宁愿做” 。现在越来越多的人宁愿不住在大城市里。Nowadays more and more people 10上。 would_rather_not_live_in_big_cities.【七选五】Are you having trouble concentrating when youre reading a book or listening to a lecture？This list of activities might help to improve your study habits.Ma

34、ke a list.We often have trouble paying attention to one thing because our brain wants to think about something else. 1 You dont worry about whatever else you should be doing.Sleep more.Studies show that people who sleep fewer than eight hours a night for a period of time have slower response systems

35、 and more difficulty recalling information. 2 Eat healthier foods.Many people enjoy foods high in fats and sugars. 3 They might give you a temporary burst of energy.However，that energy is soon followed by a crash.Reduce screen time.This may be the most unpopular suggestion among young people.Screen

36、time time spent looking at cell phones，televisions，computer screens，has a clear effect on the attention span. 4 5 Concentration improves for students who participate in team sports.It could be that being active is helpful in this way.Participating in a sport trains your brain to concentrate on speci

37、fic tasks，and shut out other thoughts.ABe active.BPractice more.CThese foods can provide enough energy for focusing.DBut these foods cant be helpful enough when it comes to focusing.EThat is bad news for teens who stay up studying the night before a test.FResearchers advise parents to limit it when

38、their children need to be focused.GBy writing down all the things you need to do，youll gain a sense of control.11【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了几种提高注意力的方法。1G 根据本段的主题句“列清单”以及空后的“You dont worry about whatever else you should be doing.”可知，选 G项。2E 根据本段的主题句“Sleep more.”和空前一句的内容可知，选 E项。3D 下文的“that energy is soon followed by a crash”与 D项中的“cant be helpful enough”相对应，故答案为 D。4F 本段的主题句“Reduce screen time.”与选项 F中的“limit it”对应，故答案为F。5A 空处为本段的主题句，由下文的“It could be that being active is helpful in this way.”可知，答案为 A。