2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点1动词形式最常考，“谓”与“非谓”要辨清考点1千变万化的谓语动词即时巩固.doc

1、1动词形式最常考， “谓”与“非谓”要辨清 考点 1 千变万化的谓语动词提分单句训练. 单句填空 (2018皖北一模)One evening at the stop，our father _suffered_ (suffer) an old pain in his back. 解析：考查时态。句意：一天晚上在车站，父亲背疼的旧疾复发。根据句中时间状语One evening，可知本句谓语用一般过去时。 (2018深圳二模)She insisted and handed it to me as she _hurried_ (hurry) off with her husband. 解析：考查时态。

2、句意：as 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词与主句谓语动词 insisted and handed 时态一致，应用一般过去时。以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，其过去式和过去分词是变 y 为ied，如 carrycarried。注意 fly 的过去式和过去分词分别是flew，flown。 (2018石家庄冲刺模考)Usually，a number of large temple fairs _are held_ (hold) around the Spring Festival，which many people visit. 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：通常大型庙会在春节左右举行，很多人逛庙会。根据

3、句中时间状语 Usually 可知谓语用一般现在时，又主语与 temple fairs 是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。 “a number of复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，故该处填are held。 hold 的过去式和过去分词分别是 held，held。 (2018山大附中三模)She was born too early and only _weighed_ (weigh) two kilometers at birth. 解析：考查时态。句意：她是早产儿，出生时体重只有 2 公斤。weigh“重量为” ，是系动词，不能用于被动语态，根据 and 前面的谓语动词 was

4、born 可知此处用一般过去时，故填 weighed。at birth“出生时” 。练有小得：常见的不用于被动语态的动词(短语)有：系动词：look，smell，taste，feel，prove 等。表主语特征的不及物动词cut，lock，read，sell，wash，write 等与 well，easily，badly 等副词连用。不及物动词(短语)：remain，happen，appear，take place，break out 等。 (2018郴州二模) High in thick bamboo forests in the misty，rainy mountains of south

5、western China _lives_ (live) one of the worlds rarest 2mammals： the giant panda，also called the panda. 解析：考查时态。句意：在中国西南部潮湿多雨的群山中的茂密的竹林里生活着世界上最稀有的哺乳动物之一：大熊猫，又叫熊猫。本句主干部分是全部倒装句，倒装句谓语动词的数与句子主语的数一致，本句主语是 one of the worlds rarest mammals，故谓语动词用单数形式。熊猫生活在中国西南部群山的竹林中是客观事实，故谓语用一现在时，故填lives。 (2018北京) In today

6、s information age，the loss of data _can_ cause serious problems for a company. 解析：考查情态动词。句意：在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况，即“客观可能性” ，故该空应用情态动词 can。练有小得：can 的基本用法：1. (表示能力、功能)能，会；2. (表示推测)可能，可能会；3. (表示允许，请求)可以；4. (表示客观可能性)有时会。 (2018芜湖三模)When hosts place dishes on the table，they _w

7、ill arrange_ (arrange) the main courses at the center with the supporting dishes placed around them. 解析：考查时态。句意：当主人在桌子上放菜时，他们会将主菜放在中间，辅菜放在主菜周围。when 引导的时间状语从句是一般现在时，故主句用一般将来时。 (2018云南统测)You may not like certain things or ideas. In your eyes，either you or your home country _has changed_ (change) ever

8、since. 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：你也许不喜欢某些事情或某些想法。在你眼中，要不是你就是你的祖国从那以后变了。根据句中时间状语 ever since 可知谓语用现在完成时；either. . . or. . . 连接两个主语，谓语动词的数与最前面的主语一致，故该处谓语动词的数与 your home country 一致，应用单数，故填 has changed。 (2018江苏)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be emailing each other，for we _will have developed_ (develop) more c

9、onvenient electronic communication tools by then. 解析：考查时态。句意：希望在 2025 年，我们不再互相发电子邮件，因为到那时候我们将开发出更方便的电子通信工具。根据时间状语 in 2025，可知用将来时；再根据时间状语 by then(到那时)，可知用完成时。结合两者可知用将来完成时。Tom has finished his homework，and now he _is playing_ (play) football 10 with his friends. 解析：句意：汤姆已经做完作业，现在正在跟他的朋友们踢足球。此处表示动作正在进行

10、，因此用现在进行时。由于受并列连词 and 和前一分句时态的干扰，考生容易误填 has 3played。(2017长沙二模)Now Beijing _feels_ (feel) like my second home. 11 解析：考查时态。句意：现在北京像我的第二个家。根据句中时间状语 Now 可知谓语用一般现在时，故填 feels。错解分析：考生容易填 is feeling 或 is felt。feel 是系动词，不能用于被动语态和进行时态。(2017赣州联考)I smiled and thanked her very gratefully，nodding 12 yes，as the bu

11、s _had stopped_ (stop) already and I had to hurry away. 解析：考查时态。as 引导的原因状语从句的谓语动词 stop 发生在 and 后的谓语动词had 之前，表过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故填 had stopped。(2017衡水二模)Most of us _fell_ (fall) asleep on the way back to 13 Urumqi，but I stayed wide awake. 解析：考查时态。句意：我们中大部分人在回乌鲁木齐的路上睡着了，但是我一直很清醒。设空与 but 后一句中的 stayed 是并列谓语

12、，应用一般过去时，故填 fell。fall 的过去式和过去分词形式分别是 fell，fallen。(2017冀州二模)Nowadays，the Qixi Festival _is referred_ (refer)to as 14 the “Chinese Valentines Day”. 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：现在七夕被看成中国的情人节。主语 the Qixi Festival 与 refer to 是被动关系，故用被动语态；句中时间状语是 Nowadays，故该句应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is referred。练有小得：以下动词的过去式、过去分词和现在分词要双写最后一个字母。

13、infer(推断)inferredinferredinferringprefer(更喜欢)preferredpreferredpreferringoccur(发生)occurredoccurredoccurringrefer(提到)referred referred referring(2018北京)They might have found a better hotel if they _had driven_ 15 (drive) a few more kilometers. 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have

14、 found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if _ a few more kilometers 是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态。练有小得：1. 表示对现在的虚拟：if 条件句用一般过去时，主句用4would/might/could/shoulddo；2. 表示对过去的虚拟：if 条件句用过去完成时，主句用would/might/could/shouldhave done；3. 表示对将来的虚拟：if 条件句用 were to do/should do/一般过去时，主句用 would/might/could/shoulddo。. 单句改

15、错 (2018湘潭二模)The smile from farmers，who are getting a good harvest，always making me happy. _making make_ 解析：分析句子结构可知本句主语是 The smile，who are getting a good harvest 是定语从句，故 make 应在句中作谓语。主语 smile 是第三人称单数名词，故谓语动词用单数。 (2017龙岩二模)People on that night will lighten up fancy lanterns and go out to appreciate t

16、he moon. _lightenlight_ 解析：light up“点燃” ，在此处用作及物动词，在 will 后应用原形，故 lighten 改为light。 (2017黑龙江哈六中四模)To my joy，my effort was finally paid off. _去掉 was_ 解析：pay off“取得回报”是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。 (2017潮州二模)This afternoon，I went to the biggest shopping center downtown，and buy a present for her. _buybought_ 解析：句中时

17、间状语是 This afternoon，又 and 前的谓语是 went，故该处用一般过去时。 (2017滨州一模)Last Friday，big posters were putting up in school，which appealed to us to protect the earth. _puttingput_ 解析：主语 posters 与 put up 是被动关系，应用被动语态。增分写作训练阅卷老师说：“在写作中，主动不如被动好” ，即被动句比主动句表达更准确更生动。请利用被动语态升级以下句式。 We will exhibit all the works in the dis

18、play hall on the third floor of the Art Center. _All the works will be exhibited in the display hall on the third floor of the Art Center. _ We expect you to arrive at the main gate before 9 oclock. _You are expected to arrive at the main gate before 9 oclock. _ We select the outstanding exhibits from 200 pieces of works handed in 5by the teachers and students. _The outstanding exhibits are selected from 200 pieces of works handed in by the teachers and students. _