2019高考英语基础保分篇第四讲介词讲与练新人教版.doc

1、1第四讲 介词李仕才第一课时 知识过关课读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线黑体部分。思考：什么词前用介词；有哪几类介词；介词的搭配要注意什么。Born in1 Beijing, Yuan Longping graduated from2 Southwest Agricultural College in China in31953, and since4 his graduation he has devoted himself 2to5 agricultural education and research. His pioneering research has helped ri

2、d China of6 hunger within7 three decades. In 1973, in8 cooperation with others, he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages over9 others and whose output would increase by10 20 percent than that of common ones. With11 higher yields than previous varieties, Profe

3、ssor Yuans new crop，regarded as12 the fifth invention after13 Chinas Four Major Inventions, has quickly improved Chinas food supply. Without14 any hesitation, he shared his knowledge and technology with foreign scientists, so farmers in more than ten other countries besides15 China have thus benefit

4、ed from16 his work, gaining access to17 his technology. In18 return, he was awarded many international awards for his great achievements. In his spare time, Dr. Yuan loves playing the violin and listening to music. Every night，he reads for19 half an hour about20 various topics before he goes to slee

5、p. But he cares for nothing more than his research and he goes to the fields twice a day by21 motorbike, which has left a strong impression on22 us.1.in 地点介词，在某个城市、国家等范围较大的地点前用 in；小地点，如station，airport，corner 等前面常用 at。2.从某所学校毕业用 graduated from。3.年、月前用 in。4.since“自以后，从以来” ，表示某情况自过去某时间点或某个事件以来一直持续到现在，谓

6、语动词通常使用完成时。5.介词 to 与动词 devote 构成词组 devote oneself to 表示“某人致力于某事” 。6.rid sb of 表示“使某人摆脱” 。7.介词 within 后面接一段时间，表示“不超过，在的范围内” 。8.固定搭配 in cooperation with 表示“与合作” 。9.固定搭配 have advantages over 表示“比有优势” 。10.by 后接数量词，表示的幅度。11.with 表示“有” 。12.as 表示“作为” 。13.after 表示“在之后” 。314.词组 without any hesitation 表示“毫不犹豫

7、地” 。15.besides 表示“除了外，还” 。16.benefit from 表示“从中受益” 。17.access 后常接介词 to 构成词组 access to 表示“可获得/利用某物或到达某地” 。18.in return，表示“反过来，作为报答” 。19.for 表示某事持续了一段时间。20.about 关于；在方面。21.by 乘(交通工具)。22.leave a strong impression on sb 给某人留下深刻的印象.单句填空(请填入 1 个适当的单词)1.So, I just looked at her with a questioning expressio

8、n on my face.2.During the winter, they remind themselves， “This wont last long; well soon be out of here.” And on the first warm day, the ants are out.3.The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do.4.I didnt want to be laughed at for t

9、alking to him but I didnt like leaving him on his own either.5.His teacher took a deep drink and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home with a happy heart.6.Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes on sale.7.When Jane

10、 got home, with her small but wellchosen present in her bag, her parents were already at table having supper.8.He was very tired after/from doing this for a whole day.9.I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me as a guest i

11、n their house.10.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused her.411.I once took a walk along the street on a Saturday dusk，with a Pepsi can in my hand.12.We should take some measures to fight against pollution.

12、13.During one visit to the Pacific islands of Tonga, a speciallyprepared dinner was arranged in her honour.14.Wed better discuss everything in detail before we work out the plan.15.Try on this red skirt; you will look great in it.单句改错(下列每句中最多有两处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。)1.I worked like a postm

13、an for a short time, but I am afraid of dogs and I had a lot of trouble.likeas2.No sooner had I got off my bicycle than a large dog ran towards the gate, barking loudly to me.toat3.The terriblelooking dog picked the card immediately and carried it in the house. The dog was a good postman.ininto4.In

14、a very cold and windy morning, Miss Jones walked to the school, and the cold wind went into her eyes, and big tears began rolling out of them.InOn5.In my surprise, two fire engines were outside my house.InTo6.I told about the firemen that it was my careless cooking that caused the heavy smoke.去掉 abo

15、ut7.Paddy and I wanted to go off for help, but Mike insisted staying near the car.在 insisted 后加 on8.Japan is known for the land of the cherry blossom (樱花) because of in the spring of the year the cherry trees are so beautiful.foras；去掉 because 后的of9.As is known by all, the Internet is playing a more

16、and more important part on our daily life.byto；onin10.Under his help, I have made rapid progress and caught up the class.UnderWith；在 caught_up 后加 with.翻译句子51.通过这样做，我不仅能与其他人更好地交流，而且变得开朗了。(by doing.；share.with.)By_doing_so,_I_can_not_only_communicate_well_with_others_but_also_I_become_outgoing.2.首先，因为

17、我的英语很流利，我认为我适合这项工作。(because of；be suitable for)Firstly,_because_of_my_fluent_English,_I_think_I_am_very_suitable_for_this_job.3.同时，我要把保护环境整洁健康看作是我的职责。(at the same time；regard it as ones duty to do)At_the_same_time,_I_will_regard_it_as_my_duty_to_keep_our_environment_clean_and_healthy.4.他对所有人及自己所做的任何

18、事情都严格要求，这让他深受人们的爱戴。(be strict with.in.；which 引导的非限制性定语从句)He_was_strict_with_everybody_and_in_everything_he_did,_which_makes_him_deeply_loved_and_respected.语篇填空(在空格处填入 1 个适当的介词)Mr. Brown was going away 1._ a week. Before he left, he said to his son, “If anyone asks 2._ me，you can tell him that your f

19、ather has been out 3._ doing something, and will be back 4._ a week, then be sure to ask him to sit down 5._ a cup of tea. ”“OK, Dad， ” said his son. But he was afraid his son couldnt remember this, he wrote these words down 6._ a piece of paper and gave it 7._ him. His son put it 8._ his small pock

20、et, took it out and looked 9._ it every now and then.Four days passed, but no one came to see his father. The boy thought that there was no man to come and that the piece of paper was 10._ no more use for him, so he burnt it that evening.The next afternoon, someone knocked 11._ the door. The boy ope

21、ned it. A man was standing 12._ the door and said, “Where is your father？” The boy put his hand into his pocket 13._ once and looked 14._ 6the piece of paper. He could not find it. He suddenly remembered he had burnt it, so he shouted， “No more.”The man asked 15._ surprise, “No more? I met your fath

22、er last week. When did it happen？”【语篇导读】 本文是个笑话，笑料在于 no more 有“没有了” “死了”等不同含意。1.for 表示持续多久，用“for时间段” 。2.for ask for sb 意为“找某人” 。3.for 表示目的，此处 for doing 相当于 to do。4.in 表示过多久后将会做某事，用“in时间段” 。5.for 表示目的用 for，此处相当于 to have。6.on 表示“在纸上”写下来。7.to “把某物给某人”是 give sth to sb。8.into 将纸条“放入”口袋里。9.at look at 表示“看

23、” 。10.of of useuseful。11.at knock at the door 表示“敲门” 。12.at at the door 表示“在门口” 。13.at at once 表示“立即，马上” 。14.for look for 表示“寻找” 。15.in 表示“惊奇地”用 in surprise。第二课时 高考研究课 介词在语法填空中的考查点规律方法1.熟练掌握常见介词及短语的意义和用法；2.正确理解语境所提供的信息。真题验证 11.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrib

24、le crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and _ work.(2017全国卷)答案 from to and from 往返，来回，来来往往。to and from work 上下班。72.This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界) _ a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart diseasethe ve

25、ry thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2017全国卷)答案 as 此处指作为一种抵抗心脏病的方法。as 表示“作为” 。3.After school she plans to take a year off to model fulltime before going to university to get a degree _ engineering or architecture.(2017全国卷)答案 in 名词 degree 意为“学位” ，后面应该跟介词 in，表示“在方面” 。a degree in enginee

26、ring or architecture 意为“工程学或建筑学学位” 。4.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat _ their hands.(2016全国卷)答案 with with 意为：使用。5. But my connection with pandas goes back _ my days on a TV show in the mid1980s.(2016全国卷)答案 to go back to 意为：追溯到。6.Most o

27、f us are more focused _ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. (2016全国卷)答案 on be focused on 意为：集中注意力于。7. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away _ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.(2015全国卷)答案 by by car 意为：乘坐小汽车。8. When a new day breaks, the walls have

28、 given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day；_ the same time, they warm up again for the night.(2015全国卷)答案 at at the same time 意为：同时。 介词在短文改错中的考查点规律方法 解决短文改错中的介词错误，主要注意以下几点：1.在习惯搭配中介词的使用是相对固定的，不能随意改动；2.及物动词后直接跟宾语，无需加介词；83.不及物动词后跟宾语时应加相应的介词；4.正确理解语境中介词的意义。真题验证 21.

29、They have also bought for some gardening tools.(2017全国卷)_答案 去掉 for 及物动词 buy 后不加介词。2.It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.(2017全国卷)_答案 onof in the middle of 在中间。3.When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies.(2017全国卷)_答案 去掉第二个 of realiz

30、e 是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语从句 how fast time flies。4.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.(2016全国卷)_答案 dreams 后加 of dream of 意为：梦想。5.Now I am leaving home to college.(2016全国卷)_答案 tofor leave (.) for.意为：离开()到某地。6.Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.(2015全国卷)_答案 onwith with the development of 意为：随着的发展。7.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.(2015全国卷)_答案 onin “在一家商店的橱窗里”应该使用介词 in a shop window。