OHSAS 18002-2007 职业安全卫生管理体系.pdf

1、OHSAS 18002:2008Occupational health and safety management systems Guidelines for the implementation of OHSAS 18001:2007ICS 03.100.01: 13.100OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT SERIESNO COPYING WITHOUT OHSAS PROJECT GROUP PERMISSION EXCEPT AS BY COPYRIGHT LAWPERMITTEDLicensed Copy: Mr Charles C

2、orrie, British Standards Institution, 21/11/2008 14:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIOHSAS 18002:2008Publishing and copyright informationThe OHSAS copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. OHSAS Project Group 2008ISBN 978 0 580 61674 7ICS 03.100.01; 13.100

3、Publication historyFirst published February 2000 Second edition November 2008Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affected Licensed Copy: Mr Charles Corrie, British Standards Institution, 21/11/2008 14:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI OHSAS Project Group 2008 All rights reserved iOHSA

4、S 18002:2008Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to vi, pages 1 to 78, an inside back cover and a back cover.The copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.ContentsAcknowledgement iiForeword ivIntroduction

5、11 Scope 42 Reference publications 53 Terms and definitions 54 OH&S management system requirements 9AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Correspondence between OHSAS 18001:2007, ISO 14001:2004 and ISO 9001:2008 68Annex B (informative) Correspondence between OHSAS 18001, OHSAS 18002 and the ILOOSH:2001 Guide

6、lines on occupational safety and health management systems 71Annex C (informative) Examples of items for inclusion in a hazard identification checklist 75Annex D (informative) Comparisons of some examples of risk assessment tools and methodologies 77Bibliography 78List of figuresFigure 1 OH&S manage

7、ment system model for this OHSAS Standard 2Figure 2 Overview of the hazard identification and risk assessment process 15List of tablesTable A.1 Correspondence between OHSAS 18001:2007, ISO 14001:2004 and ISO 9001:2008 68Table B.1 Correspondence between the clauses of the OHSAS documents and the clau

8、ses of the ILOOSH Guidelines 73Licensed Copy: Mr Charles Corrie, British Standards Institution, 21/11/2008 14:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIOHSAS 18002:2008ii OHSAS Project Group 2008 All rights reservedAcknowledgementThe following organizations are included in this listing either to recognize their

9、 assistance in the development of this edition of OHSAS 18002, or to recognize their general support of the OHSAS standards.AFAQ EAQAAmerican Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA)American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE)Asociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin (AENOR)Association of British

10、 Certification Bodies (ABCB)British Standards Institution (BSI)Bureau Veritas CertificationCesk normalizacn institute (CNI)Comisin Federal de Electricidad (CFE), (Gerencia de la seguridad industrial)Czech Accreditation Institute (CAI)Det Norske Veritas (DNV)DS Certification A/SEEF the manufacturers

11、organisationENLAR Compliance Services, Inc.Estonian Centre for Standardisation (EVS)Health and Safety Executive1)Hong Kong Quality Assurance Agency (HKQAA)iMS Risk SolutionsInstitute for Standardization of Serbia (ISS)Institution of Occupational Safety and Health (IOSH)Instituto Argentino de Normali

12、zacin y Certificacin (IRAM)Instituto Colombiano de Normas Tcnicas y Certificacin (ICONTEC)Instituto de Normas Tcnicas de Costa Rica (INTECO)Instituto Mexicano de Normalizacin y Certificacin, A.C. (IMNC, A.C.)Instituto Uruguayo de Normas Tcnicas (UNIT)ITS ConsultantsJapan Industrial Safety and Health

13、 Association (JISHA)Japanese Standards Association (JSA)Korea Gas Safety Corporation (ISO Certificate Division)Lloyds Register Quality Assurance (LRQA)Management Systems Certification Limited1)As the regulatory authority responsible for health and safety in Great Britain, the Health and Safety Execu

14、tive would wish to make it clear that reliance on the OHSAS Standard by organizations will not absolve them from compliance with any of their legal health and safety obligations under the laws of England and Wales, and Scotland.Licensed Copy: Mr Charles Corrie, British Standards Institution, 21/11/2

15、008 14:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI OHSAS Project Group 2008 All rights reserved iiiOHSAS 18002:2008National Standards Authority of Ireland (NSAI)National University of Singapore (NUS)Nederlands Normalisatieinstituut (NEN)NPKF ELECTONNQAQMISAI GlobalSABS Commercial (Pty) Ltd.Service de Normalisati

16、on Industrielle Marocaine (SNIMA)SGS United Kingdom LtdSIRIM QAS InternationalSlovensk stav technickej normalizcie (SUTN)SPRING SingaporeStandards Institution of Israel (SII)Sucofindo International Certification Services (SICS)Swedish Industry Association (Sinf)Swedish Standards Institute (SIS)Techn

17、ofer Ltd.TV Rheinland Cert GmbH TV Rheinland GroupStandards Association of Zimbabwe (SAZ)We would also like to recognize the invaluable contribution made by those many organizations who took the time to review the working drafts of OHSAS 18002, and who submitted comments for consideration. This help

18、ed us greatly in improving the standard, and is much appreciated.Licensed Copy: Mr Charles Corrie, British Standards Institution, 21/11/2008 14:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIOHSAS 18002:2008iv OHSAS Project Group 2008 All rights reservedForewordThis Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (

19、OHSAS) guideline, and OHSAS 18001:2007, Occupational health and safety management systems Requirements, have been developed in response to customer demand for a recognizable occupational health and safety management system standard against which their management systems can be assessed and certified

20、, and for guidance on the implementation of such a standard. OHSAS 18001 is compatible with the ISO 9001:2008 (Quality) and ISO 14001:2004 (Environmental) management systems standards, in order to facilitate the integration of quality, environmental and occupational health and safety management syst

21、ems by organizations, should they wish to do so.OHSAS 18002 quotes the specific requirements from OHSAS 18001 and follows with relevant guidance. The clause numbering of OHSAS 18002 is aligned with that of OHSAS 18001. Text given with an outlined box is an exact duplication of text from OHSAS 18001.

22、OHSAS 18002 will be reviewed and amended or revised when considered appropriate. Reviews will be conducted when new editions of OHSAS 18001 are published (expected when revised editions of either ISO 9001 or ISO 14001 are published).This OHSAS Standard will be withdrawn on publication of its content

23、s in, or as, an International Standard.This OHSAS Standard has been drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (OHSAS 18002:2000), which has been technically revised.The principal changes with respect to the

24、 previous edition are as follows:in relation to the revised text of OHSAS 18001:1) The importance of “health” has now been given greater emphasis.OHSAS 18001 now refers to itself as a standard, not a specification, or document, as in the earlier edition. This reflects the increasing adoption of OHSA

25、S 18001 as the basis for national standards on occupational health and safety management systems.The “PlanDoCheckAct” model diagram is only given in the Introduction, in its entirety, and not also as sectional diagrams at the start of each major clause.Reference publications in Clause 2 have been li

26、mited to purely international documents. New definitions have been added, and existing definitions revised.Significant improvement in alignment with ISO 14001:2004 throughout the standard, and improved compatibility with ISO 9001:2008.The term “tolerable risk” has been replaced by the term “acceptab

27、le risk” (see 3.1).Licensed Copy: Mr Charles Corrie, British Standards Institution, 21/11/2008 14:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI OHSAS Project Group 2008 All rights reserved vOHSAS 18002:2008The term “accident” is now included in the term “incident” (see 3.9).The definition of the term “hazard” no l

28、onger refers to “damage to property or damage to the workplace environment” (see 3.6).It is now considered that such “damage” is not directly related to occupational health and safety management, which is the purpose of this OHSAS Standard, and that it is included in the field of asset management. I

29、nstead, the risk of such “damage” having an effect on occupational health and safety should be identified through the organizations risk assessment process, and be controlled through the application of appropriate risk controls.Subclauses 4.3.3 and 4.3.4 have been merged, in line with ISO 14001:2004

30、.A new requirement has been introduced for the consideration of the hierarchy of controls as part of OH&S planning (see 4.3.1).Management of change is now more explicitly addressed (see 4.3.1 and 4.4.6).A new clause on the “Evaluation of compliance” (see 4.5.2) has been introduced.New requirements h

31、ave been introduced for participation and consultation (see 4.4.3.2).New requirements have been introduced for the investigation of incidents (see 4.5.3.1).in relation to changes that are specific to OHSAS 18002:2) OHSAS 18002:2000 included a presentation format where firstly the relevant OHSAS 1800

32、1 clause was given followed by:a description of the intent of the clause; a) typical inputs needed for meeting the requirements of b) the clause; a description of processes that an organization could use c) to meet the requirements; typical outputs expected from meeting the requirements. d) This for

33、mat was found to be difficult to apply, so has not been followed in this edition (in fact, the format had not been applied consistently in the 2000 edition). Instead, this edition of OHSAS 18002 is now presented in a more logical format, in which items in a) to d) have been followed during the draft

34、ing of the guidance, but have not been given overtly, as previously. New subclauses, as per OHSAS 18001 (and from ISO 14001), e.g.:for OHSAS 18001:2007, 4.4.3 Communication, participation and consultation (including new subclauses on participation/consultation), and 4.5.3.1 Incident investigation.fr

35、om ISO 14001:2004, 4.3.3 Objectives and programme(s) (through the merging of the former subclauses 4.3.3 and 4.3.4), and 4.5.2 Evaluation of compliance.Licensed Copy: Mr Charles Corrie, British Standards Institution, 21/11/2008 14:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIOHSAS 18002:2008vi OHSAS Project Group

36、2008 All rights reservedNew subclauses in alignment with the ILOOSH:2001 Guidelines, e.g. 4.1.2 Initial review, and 4.3.1.5 Management of changeAdditional new subclauses and annexes, e.g. 4.4.2.4 Awareness, Annex C Examples of items for inclusion in a hazard identification checklist and Annex D Comp

37、arisons of some examples of risk assessment tools and methodologiesExpanded guidance given in many subclauses, e.g. for 4.3.1 Hazard identification, risk assessment and determination of controls, 4.3.2 Legal and other requirements, 4.3.3 Objectives and programme(s), 4.4.6 Operational control, 4.4.7

38、Emergency preparedness and response, 4.5.5 Internal auditThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with this Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) Standard cannot confer imm

39、unity from legal obligations.Licensed Copy: Mr Charles Corrie, British Standards Institution, 21/11/2008 14:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI OHSAS Project Group 2008 All rights reserved 1OHSAS 18002:2008IntroductionOrganizations of all kinds are increasingly concerned with achieving and demonstrating

40、sound occupational health and safety (OH&S) performance by controlling their OH&S risks, consistent with their OH&S policy and objectives. They do so in the context of increasingly stringent legislation, the development of economic policies and other measures that foster good OH&S practices, and of

41、increased concern expressed by interested parties about OH&S issues.Many organizations have undertaken OH&S “reviews” or “audits” to assess their OH&S performance. On their own, however, these “reviews” and “audits” may not be sufficient to provide an organization with the assurance that its perform

42、ance not only meets, but will continue to meet, its legal and policy requirements. To be effective, they need to be conducted within a structured management system that is integrated within the organization.The OHSAS Standards covering OH&S management are intended to provide organizations with the e

43、lements of an effective OH&S management system that can be integrated with other management requirements and help organizations achieve OH&S and economic objectives. These standards, like other International Standards, are not intended to be used to create nontariff trade barriers or to increase or

44、change an organizations legal obligations.OHSAS 18001 specifies requirements for an OH&S management system to enable an organization to develop and implement a policy and objectives which take into account legal requirements and information about OH&S risks. It is intended to apply to all types and

45、sizes of organizations and to accommodate diverse geographical, cultural and social conditions. The basis of the approach is shown in Figure 1. The success of the system depends on commitment from all levels and functions of the organization, and especially from top management. A system of this kind

46、 enables an organization to develop an OH&S policy, establish objectives and processes to achieve the policy commitments, take action as needed to improve its performance, and demonstrate the conformity of the system to the requirements of OHSAS 18001. The overall aim of OHSAS 18001 is to support an

47、d promote good OH&S practices, including self regulation, in balance with socioeconomic needs. It should be noted that many of the requirements can be addressed concurrently or revisited at any time.The development of OHSAS 18001:2007 focused on improving the standard by:improving alignment with ISO

48、 14001 and ISO 9001; seeking opportunities for alignment with other OH&S management system standards, e.g. the ILOOSH:2001 Guidelines;reflecting developments in OH&S practices; clarifying the original text from the OHSAS 18001:1999 requirements based on experience of its use. There is an important d

49、istinction between OHSAS 18001, which describes the requirements for an organizations OH&S management system and can be used for certification/registration and/or selfdeclaration of an organizations OH&S management system, and Licensed Copy: Mr Charles Corrie, British Standards Institution, 21/11/2008 14:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIOHSA