备战2019年高考英语考点一遍过考点06形容词和副词（含解析）.doc

1、1考点 06 形容词和副词高考频度： 考向一 形容词、副词的基本用法1.形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表达动作的方式。After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired.经过长时间旅行后，他们三个回到家，又饿又累。2.有些副词还可以作连词，作副词时常放在句末。如：though，(ever)since，in case 等He is old. He works hard，though.Though he is old，he works hard.虽然他年事已高，但他工作还是很努力。3.有些副词置于句首可

2、修饰全句，作评注性状语。如：obviously，naturally，surprisingly 等Fortunately，he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.幸运的是，他没被淹死，被解放军给救了。Happily for her，her stepmother was kind to her.高兴的是，她的继母对她很好。4.can not/never 与 enough 或 too 连用表示：无论怎样都不过分；越越好。I was riding alone in the street and all of a sudden，a car cut in a

3、nd knocked me down.我正在大街上独自一人骑自行车，突然一辆小汽车强行超车把我撞倒了。You can never be too careful in the street. 在大街上你越小心越好。1. _，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtfulC. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic【解析】句意：她无忧无虑、积极乐

4、观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。本题考查形容词作伴随状语。2shy and cautious 害羞的、小心的； sensitive and thoughtful 敏感的、多思的；honest and confident 诚实的、自信的。【答案】 D2.Jim went to answer the phone._，Harry started to prepare lunch.A. However B. NeverthelessC. Besides D. Meanwhile【答案】 D3.We only had $100 and that was_to buy a new computer.A

5、. nowhere near enough B. near enough nowhereC. enough near nowhere D. near nowhere enough【解析】 句意：我们只有 100 美元，离买台新电脑的钱还差得远呢。本题考查修饰词顺序。not anywhere near或 nowhere near：far from，not at all 远非，绝不是，为固定短语。【答案】 A4.When it was his turn to deliver his speech，_，he walked towards the microphone.A. nervously and

6、 embarrassingly B. nervous and embarrassedlyC. nervously and embarrassing D. nervous and embarrassed【解析】该题考查形容词作状语。形容词一般作定语，但也可作状语。如：He lay in bed，awake.再如：Her husband came back，drunk.【答案】D考向二 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级1.as形容词(a/an)名词as表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。It is generally believed that teaching is as mu

7、ch an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。2.as形容词/副词的原级as与not as/so形容词/副词的原级as表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。33.the比较级of the two 名词表示两者中较的那个。The taller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。4.a形容词比较级n.After two years re

8、search，we have a far better understanding of the disease.研究两年之后，现在我们对这种病有更好的理解。We went to the USA in search of a better life.为了寻找更美好的生活我们去了美国。5.比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit 等。The students study even harder than before.学生们学习比以前更努力了。A c

9、ar runs a great deal faster than a bike.汽车比自行车跑得快得多。6.最高级(1)最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like。The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。Id like to buy the second most expensive camera.我想买仅次于最贵的照相

10、机。(2)否定词比较级最高级。There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?你对他在会议上说的满意吗？No. It couldnt have been worse.不，不能再差了。41. （2017 新课标 I 卷语法填空）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, ru

11、nners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners.【答案】longer【解析】考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活 3 年。根据 than 可知用比较级，故填 longer。2. （2017 新课标 III 卷语法填空）He screams the_63_(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.【答案】loudest【解析】考查最高级。根据后面的 of all 可知，他声音最大，所

12、以用最高级 loudest。3. （2017江苏卷 任务型阅读）The birth rate in the 21st century may be much (71)_ than it was in the 20th.【答案】lower4. （2017新课标 I 卷语法填空）As 65（a） result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.【答案】worse【

13、解析】考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填 worse。5. Believe it or not，swimming is_as any to lose unwanted weight.A. a way as good B.as a good wayC. as a way good D.as good a way【解析】 考查固定短语。as.as 表示和一样，固定表达方式有asadj./adv.asasadj.a/ann.as等。【答案】 D6. Do you think that the 11th Chinese National Games were a succes

14、s?Yes，_！It couldnt be _.A. relatively；better B. approximately；worseC. absolutely；better D. fortunately；worse【解析】本题考查副词和形容词在语境中的运用。relatively 相对地，比较地；approximately 大约；5absolutely 当然是，绝对正确；fortunately 幸运地。根据语境知，第十一届全运会绝对是一个成功的盛会，没有比它更好的了，故 C 项正确。【答案】 C7. Of the two cameras，I would prefer _one，which is

15、 very easy for me to carry.A. a smaller B. the smallestC. a small D. the smaller【答案】 D【巧学妙记】形容词和副词比较等级用法口诀1. 比较级与最高级：两者比较 than 相连，三者比较 the 在前。 2. 同级比较：同级比较用原形，as. as 永不离；as. as 加 not，只言两者是同一，若是 not so. as，后强前弱不看齐。【妙语诠释】 比较级通常和 than 连用，而最高级前通常有定冠词 the；同级比较一般用 as. as 表示与一样，这时谁强谁弱不能比较出来，而not so. as 则表示

16、后者比前者强，翻译为不如。【难点释疑】比较级表示最高级含义1. 比较级+than any other+可数名词单数The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China. 在中国，长江比其他任何一条河流都长。2. 比较级+than all(the) other+可数名词复数China is larger than all the other Asian countries. 中国比亚洲的其他国家都大。 3. no/never/nothing.+比较级Nothing is more valuable than time. 时间比任

17、何东西都珍贵。4. 否定词+不定冠词+形容词的比较级+名词或否定词+副词的比较级表示从未；未曾6This film is very moving. I have never seen a better one. 这部电影很感人，我从没有看过一部比它更好的。考向三 倍数表达法表示倍数的句型：(1)A is倍数比较级thanB(2)A is倍数as原级asB(3)A is倍数the名词(size，length，height 等)ofB(4)A is倍数thatofB(5)A is倍数what 引导的名词性从句This building is three times higher than that

18、 one.This building is three times as high as that one.This building is three times the height of that one.这个建筑物是那个建筑物的 3 倍高。 The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.今年的产量是 2008 年的三倍。After the new technique was introduced，the factory prod

19、uced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year before.自从新技术被引进以后，这家工厂 2008 年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。1. When you study the local map，youll find this town is_.A. twice the size of that oneB. twice as a large town as thatC. twice as larger as that oneD. twice as larger a town as that【答案】A2. Peters jacket looked jus

20、t the same as Jacks，but it cost_his.7A.as much twice as B. twice as much asC. much as twice as D.as twice much as【解析】倍数表达法是形容词比较等级中一种很常用的比较级结构。不管用哪种比较级结构来表示比较，表示倍数的词总是放在比较级结构的最前面。【答案】B3.My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is twice_expensive.A.as B. soC. too D. very【

21、答案】A考向四 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词数词描绘词(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) 出处材料性质类别名词a small round tablea tall gray buildinga dirty old brown shirta famous German medical schoolan expensive Japanese sports carTony is going camping with _ boys.A. little two other B. two little otherC. two other little D. little o

22、ther two【解析】由限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -性质-名词的公式可知数8词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有 C 符合答案。【答案】C【巧学妙记】多个形容词修饰一个名词的先后位置的口诀 ：限定描绘大长高， 形状年龄和新老； 颜色国籍跟材料， 作用类别往后靠。其中，限定词包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有 all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his inc

23、ome 等。描绘性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cold、great 等。大长高表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示形状的词如：round square 等。国籍指一个国家或地区的词。材料的词如：wooden, woolen, stone,silk 等。作用类别的词如：medical, college，writing desk，police car 等。 考向五 形容词、副词辨析形容词副词的区别及用法1. late 和 laterHe is late. He is half an hour late. 他迟到了，迟到了半小时。Three minutes later, he arrived

24、. 三分钟后，他来了。2. pleased, pleasing 与 pleasant（1）pleased 的含义是“感到满意，高兴” ，后常跟介词 at, with。例如：Im pleased to see you here. 在这儿见到你很高兴。Shes pleased with our programme. 她对我们的节目很满意。（2）pleasing 表示“令人欣喜的” ，相当于“giving pleasure” 。例如：My sisters progress in dancing is pleasing. 我姐姐在舞蹈方面的进步令人高兴。The baby has a pleasing

25、voice. 这个婴儿的声音很悦耳。（3）pleasant 表示“快乐的，愉快的” 。例如：The girl has a pleasant childhood. 这个女孩有一个快乐的童年。To have a pleasant holiday is my favorite. 过一个愉快的假期是我最喜欢的。3. living, alive 与 live（ 1） living 作 定 语 时 ， 既 可 置 于 所 修 饰 的 名 词 之 前 ， 也 可 置 于 所 修 饰 的 名 词 之 后 ， 译 为 “活 着 的 ,当 代9的 “。在句中充当定语及表语。例如：Not all living th

26、ings live on sunlight. 并非所有的生物都依赖阳光生存。My grandparents are still living. 我的祖父母仍然健在。（2）alive 译为“活着的” ，可以在句中作表语及定语。作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词之后。例如：He may be the busiest person alive. 他可能是世上最忙的人了。Is that sheep dead or alive? 那头羊是死了还是活着？ （3）alive 还有“活泼的，活动的，有生机的”之意。例如：You seem very much alive today. 你今天看起来很活跃。（4）liv

27、e 表示“活着的” ，做“现场直播”讲时可以用作形容词、副词，在句子中可以作定语，表语。The programme is live./The programme is broadcast live. 这个节目是现场直播的。4. worth，worthy 与 worthwhile（1）worth 意为“值得的” ，后接 v-ing 形式，构成“be worth doing”结构，也可接表示价格的名词及钱数；（2）worthy 意为“值得的” ，后接“of+名词（或 being+过去分词） ”，构成“be worthy of+名词（或 being done） ”结构或“be worthy to b

28、e done”结构。（3）be worthwhile to do sth/doing sth 例如：This coat is worth one hundred yuan. 这件上衣价值一百元。This problem is worthy of being discussed. 这个问题值得讨论。5. too、also、eithertoo 和 also 用于肯定句、疑问句，too 多用于口语，also 多用于书面语，either 用于否定句。Too 常用在句末，also 常用在句中。Are they coming too ? 他们也来吗?She is young and beautiful,

29、and also rich. 她年轻漂亮，而且有钱。He hasnt finished it, either. 他也还没有做完。6. likely 与 possible, probablelikely 的主语可以是 it 也可以是名词或其它代词，而 possible 和 probable 只能用 it 作主语。10This strange grass never seen before seems _to be a new plant.A. likely B. possibly C. probably D. particularly【答案】A7. most 与 mostlymost 做形容词或

30、代词，如：most students, most of us；mostly 为副词，表示大部分情况下，或成分中大部分。如：考向六 几组难点句型详解句型 1：A is 倍数the size/length/weight/heightof B.如：The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是前一个的四倍大。句型 2：A is to B what C is to D. 意为“A 对于 B 就如 C 对于 D。 ”如：Engines are to machines what hearts are

31、 to animals. 发动机对于机器就如心脏对于动物。句型 3：cant be tooadj. cant beadj.enough 无论都不为过，越越 如：You can never be careful enough. You can never be too careful.你无论怎么小心都不为过。句型 4：tooto 句型的两个意义(1) 表示否定意义，意为“太而不能” 。如：This question is too hard for me to understand. 这个问题对我来说太难理解了。(2) 表示肯定意义，意为“非常，很，极” 。当 too 后面接 easy，ready

32、, eager, inclined, willing, thankful, delighted 等形容词时，too 表示“很，非常”之意，与 very 表达“很”的意思相同。当 too前有 all, but, only 等词时，形成 only /but/all tooto do 结构，仍旧表达“非常，很，极”之意。如：Im too glad to hear that. 我对此感到非常高兴。题组一 基础过关11用所给词的适当形式填空1.Are you satisfied with the result of the exam?Not at all. I cant have a _ (bad) o

33、ne.2.How _ (disappoint) it was to have missed the train!3.Of the two boys，Jim is the _ (young) one，and he is also the one who loves to be noisy.4.Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as _ (large) as that of theirs.5.Although parents should take good care of their young children，they

34、 dont _ (necessary) do anything for them.6.Mr.Zhang once taught in a remote village in Anhui Province as a volunteer，which was _ (access) only on foot.7.It is difficult to cross the desert by car，but not _ (absolute) impossible.8.Did your boss help you with the vital task?No，he allocated each of us

35、our jobs and then went out for something _ (important).9.At that time I knew it had to be a significant day to them. Nothing could be _ (good) if someone offered to help them.10.You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit _ (slowly)?题组二 能力提升I.单项填空1.It is said the young man is_ to flee to foreign c

36、ountry because of the campaign against him.A. possible B. maybe C. probable D. likely2.He was _ when he lost all his money. Luckily, a kind man helped him generously.A. desperate B. optimistic C. eager D. cautious3.Mr. Black has made great achievements in science, but he remains _ and never talks ab

37、out them.A. silent B. modest C. calm D. active4.There are no _ proposals to reduce the road accidents. We are still seeking 12inspiration.A. contradictory B. concreteC. confidential D. controversial5.Among _ writers in the world, only a few will become famous later on in life, and _writer is Mo Yan,

38、 who has received the Nobel Prize for literature recently.A.so much; such a B. many such; such oneC.so many; one such D.so many; such one6.In many countries, it is a_ practice to offer guests tea or coffee.A. common B. ordinary C. normal D. regular7.I have never heard such an _story, which really ma

39、kes me _.A. interested; exciting B. interesting; excitedC. interesting; to excite D. interested; to excite8.The factory produced _ in 2014 as the year before.A. twice as many cars B. cars twice as manyC. twice more cars D. twice so many cars9.When I _ all the experiences that I have had around the w

40、orld since _ Doctors without Borders, I feel that I have been very lucky to be able to help others and do something _.A. think back to; joining in; worthyB. think over; joining; worthwhileC. think back to; joining in; worthwhileD. look back on; joining; worthwhile10.Extra lessons on Sundays put_ pre

41、ssure on students, who already have _ homework.A. many; much of B. more; many ofC. more; piles of D. many; numbers ofII.语篇填空Some time ago，a friend of mine，who worked in a part of the city I didnt know very _1_(good)，invited me to call on him. It took me hours to get there and I took _2_ (greatly) tr

42、ouble to find a proper spot to park my car. As I was already threequarters of 13an hour late，I parked my car _3_(quick).At noon，just as I was leaving my friends office，it _4_(sudden) struck me that I had no idea where I had parked my car. I could _5_(hard) go up to a policeman and tell him that I ha

43、d lost a small green car somewhere! Walking down street after street，I examined each car _6_(close) and was very happy to see a small green car just behind an old car. But how _7_(disappoint) I was to discover that though the car was _8_(exact) like my own, it belonged to someone else！Feeling quite

44、_9_(tire) now，I went off for lunch. Some time _10_(late)，I left the restaurant and walked down the street. Turning the corner，I nearly jumped for joy: my car was right in front of me, and there was no problem this time.III.语法填空Born in 1983 in Arizona, US, Jessica has learned to live a life on her fe

45、et. She was born 1 arms, and no doctors could figure out why. There were many questions at the time about 2 Jessica would be able to live a “normal“ life. However, Jessicas father has said he never shed a tear about her birth condition. He had full confidence in her potential.With the support of her

46、 parents and family, Jessica became confident in 3 (she)as an adult and continued 4 (explore) the world with her feet. As a child, Jessica studied dance in her hometown. When the first performance arrived, she 5 (ask) to be put in the back row. Her dance teacher told her there was no back row. She t

47、ook the stage 6 (nervous)with the other students and performed her routine. When she finished, the applause (掌声) from the audience gave her 7 (encourage) and the confidence to continue dancing for 14 more years.After graduation from high school, Jessica attended the University of Arizona, 8 she earn

48、ed a bachelors degree in psychology. When 9 (talk) about her degree, she frequently explains how psychology argues that 10 way people think has a greater impact on their lives than their physical conditions.题组三 体验真题1. （2018新课标 I 卷完形填空）And, even if I werent 43 enough about free credits, news about our instructor was appealing enough to me. 14A. excited B. w