江苏省2019高考英语第二部分语法核心突破第二课时形容词和副词练习（含解析）.doc

1、1第二课时 形容词和副词李仕才感 悟 高 考1.Only five years after Steve Jobs death，smart-phones defeated _ PCs in sales.(2017江苏卷)A.controversial B.contradictoryC.confidential D.conventional答案 D 句意：就是在乔布斯死后的五年，智能手机在销售上击败了传统的个人电脑。controversial有争议的；contradictory 对立的，相互矛盾的；confidential 机密的，秘密的；conventional 传统的。故选 D。2.A sud

2、den stop can be a very frightening experience，_ if you are travelling at high speed.(2016浙江卷)A.eventually B.strangelyC.merely D.especially答案 D 句意：突然停下来是非常可怕的经历，尤其是你高速行驶时。此处用especially “特别，尤其”强调程度。3.In this article，you need to back up general statements with _ examples.(2016浙江卷)A.specific B.permanent

3、C.abstract D.universal答案 A 句意：在这篇文章，你需要用具体例子来支持一般性陈述。specific 具体的；permanent永久的；abstract 抽象的；universal 通用的。根据句意可知选 A。要 点 精 析一、形容词、副词的辨析1.解决形容词和副词辨析类问题，一定要弄懂各个选项的词义和词性差别，并结合语境选择符合句意的单词。形容词在句中功能的问题，要通过分析句子结构来解决。We used to see each other regularly, but I havent heard from him since last year.2我们原先经常见面，但

4、是从去年开始我就一直没有他的消息了。The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.该研究缺乏可靠的证据，因此它的结论值得怀疑。2.除了副词词义辨析外，yet (但是), besides (此外，而且)，still (仍然), though (虽然), however (然而), meanwhile(与此同时)也是高频考点。解答此类题目首先要把握副词词义，然后采用句子翻译法，分析前后两句的逻辑关系，从而得出正确答案。Mike was usually so careful, yet th

5、is time he made a small mistake.迈克通常很仔细，但这次他犯了个小错误。二、形容词、副词的顺序1.副词修饰形容词或其他副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但 enough要放在被修饰词的后面。We only had $100 and that was nowhere near enough to buy a new computer.我们只有 100美元。这笔钱远远不够买一台新电脑。2.副词修饰形容词的特殊词序：so as/how/that/too形容词a(n)单数可数名词。Come on, Maria! You can also enjoy as convenien

6、t a life as you have been dreaming of, if you dont lose heart.加油，玛丽亚！你若不灰心，你也能享受到你梦想中的便利生活。3.几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式地点时间。We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday.上周日，在户外我们一起玩得很开心。4.though副词，表示语义的转折，意为“然而” ，常放在句子末尾。Playing on a frozen sports field sounds a lot of fun. Isnt it rather risky,

7、though?在结冰的场地上玩耍听起来很有趣，然而，这难道不是太冒险了吗？5.多个形容词修饰名词的排列顺序是高考考查的重点，考生必须牢记下面的口诀：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。It is said that the beautiful red stone building was designed by a famous Frenchman, who has designed thousands of excellent buildings all over the world.据说那个漂亮的红石头房子是由一位著名的法国人设计，他已在世界各地设计了成千上万的

8、优秀建筑。3三、形容词(短语)作状语形容词(短语)作状语时主要表示原因、伴随或方式等。He lay in bed, wide awake.他躺在床上醒着。We arrived home very late, safe and sound.我们回家很晚，安然无恙。四、形容词、副词的比较等级1.形容词、副词的原级比较(1)“as形容词/副词原级as”与“notas/so形容词/副词原级as”表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同/不同。Actually, Jack is as old as Jim.事实上，杰克和吉姆(年龄)一样大。He doesnt run so/as fast

9、as his younger brother.他没有他弟弟跑得快。(2)当 as.as结构中有名词时，可用以下结构：as形容词原级an可数名词单数asasmany可数名词复数asasmuch不可数名词asToday is as busy a day as yesterday.今天跟昨天一样忙。Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.亨利的书没有我的书多。(3)“as形容词原级as具体数字”表示“高/深/多达” 。The temperature here is as high as 39 .这里的气温高达 39摄氏度。The building

10、 is as tall as 100 meters.这座楼高达 100米。2.形容词、副词的比较级(1)比较级than.“比更” ；less.than“不如” 。Seeking information on the Internet is more convenient than searching in a 4library.在网上搜寻信息要比在图书馆里方便。(2)比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather, much, still, even, far, any (用于否定句或疑问句), a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit 等。The fil

11、m is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.Why? Its far more interesting than the films I have ever seen.我不得不说这部电影真的没意思。为什么？它比我看过的所有电影都有意思。(3)the比较级，the比较级“越，越” 。The earlier the treatment is given, the better the patients chances.病人越早接受治疗，康复的可能性就越大。(4)the比较级of (the)名词/代词“(两者中)较的” 。Of the two cameras

12、, I would prefer the smaller one, which is very easy for me to carry.这两个照相机，我喜欢较小的一个，它容易携带。3.形容词、副词的最高级(1)三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。表示范围的标志词有 in, of, among等。Raymonds parents wanted him to have the best possible education.雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。(2)最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far, nearly, almost 等。This is by far the most inspi

13、ring movie that I have ever seen.这是我曾看过的最鼓舞人心的电影了。(3)最高级含义的其他表达法“否定词语比较级”或“否定词语such/so . as”结构表示最高级含义。Do you think that the Chinese National Games were a success?Yes, absolutely! It couldnt be better.你认为这届中国全运会成功吗？是的，绝对成功！没有比它更好的了。比较级形式表示最高级含义。5比较级than any other 可 数 名 词 单 数all the other 可 数 名 词 复 数a

14、nything/anyone else )Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.Julia is the tallest girl in her class.朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(4)the last表示“最不可能的” “最不适合的” “最不希望的”等。The last thing they want is to work in the red areas where life is hard.他们最不乐意的是在生活艰难的

15、红色区域里工作。五、倍数表达法常用的倍数表达法：倍数as形容词/副词原级as倍数形容词/副词的比较级than倍数the名词of倍数what 从句Our classroom is three times as large as theirs.Our classroom is three times larger than theirs.Our classroom is three times the size of theirs.我们的教室是他们教室的三倍大。The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.这条路的

16、长度是三年前的 4倍。解 题 策 略1.形容词词义辨析法形容词的考查在高考试题中比较多，在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项。In this lecture，I can only give you a purely _ view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.A.private B.personalC.unique D.different答案 B 根据词义可以快速排除 C“独特的”和 D“不同的” ，只有 A和 B比较接近。private 私人的，私下的；pers

17、onal 个人的；personal view 表示“个人观点” 。62.副词词义辨析法副词的考查在高考试题中比较多，在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项。具体来说，要注意：一些副词的具体含义；一些副词在具体句子中的辨析。(1)Volunteering is becoming _ popular in China.Yeah，people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.A.naturally B.successfullyC.splendidly D.increasingly答案 D 句意：志愿者活动在中国变得越来

18、越受欢迎了。是的，人们开始意识到帮助别人就是帮助他们自己。naturally 自然地，理所当然地；successfully 成功地；splendidly华丽地，壮观地；increasingly 逐渐地，慢慢地。(2)Do you think shopping online will _ take the place of shopping in stores?A.especially B.frequentlyC.merely D.finally答案 D especially 特别，尤其；frequently 经常；merely 仅仅；finally 最终。句意：你认为网上购物最终会替代商场购物

19、吗？针 对 训 练1.I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend _ in the coming years.(2016浙江卷)A.little more B.no moreC.much more D.many more答案 D 句意：我一直喜欢你组织的所有活动，希望在来年能参加更多。many more后省略了 events。根据句意可知选 D。2.Im so _ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end ha

20、ppily.(2015安徽卷)A.special B.superiorC.grateful D.attractive答案 C 句意：我非常感激所有的志愿者，因为他们帮我愉快地结束了糟糕的一天。special特殊的；superior 更好的；更高的；grateful 感激的；attractive 有吸引力的。7根据句意可知，这里是在向志愿者表达感激之情，故选 C。3.It was _ of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.(2015福建卷)A.careless B.considerateC.patient D.ge

21、nerous答案 B 句意：Michael 通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担心，想得真周到。本句使用了 It is/was considerate of sb to do sth这一结构。 careless粗心的；considerate考虑周到的；patient 有耐心的；generous 慷慨的，大方的。4.Even though the conference hall is near his apartment，he has to hurry a little if he wants to be _.(2015湖北卷)A.accurate B.punctualC.efficient D.re

22、asonable答案 B 句意：尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓，如果他想要守时，他还是要快一点。accurate精确的；punctual 准时的，守时的；efficient 高效的，生效的；reasonable 合理的。故选 B。5.I dont think what he said is _ to the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.(2015湖北卷)A.faithful B.parallelC.relevant D.similar答案 C 句意：我认为，他说的话与我们讨论的主题无关，他偏离了重点。be faithful to忠诚

23、于；be parallel to与平行，与类似；be relevant to与相近，与相关；be similar to 与相似。故选 C。6.These computers dont work_；they are connected with each other，so everyone can reach his friends computer.A.partly B.brieflyC.separately D.automatically答案 C 句意：这些电脑不是单独工作，它们互相连接着，所以每个人都能进入朋友的电脑。根据句意可知选 C项“单独地” 。partly 部分地；briefly

24、简要地；automatically自动地。7.With online shopping increasingly popular，the Internet is seen as a(n) 8_ way of reaching target customers.(福建卷)A.temporary B.complexC.accurate D.efficient答案 D 句意：随着网上购物的快速流行，网络被看作是获得目标消费者的最有效的方法。efficient 有效的，故选 D项。temporary 暂时的；complex 复杂的；accurate 精确的。8.Thanks for your dire

25、ctions to the house； we wouldnt have found it _.(江西卷)A.nowhere B.howeverC.otherwise D.instead答案 C 句意：“多谢你指点去那所房子的路，否则我们就找不到了。 ” nowhere无处；however然而；otherwise 否则，别样地；instead 代替。故选 C。9.What was so _ about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.(湖北卷)A.awful B.esse

26、ntial C.impressive D.obvious 答案 C 句意：关于 Jasmine Westland的胜利，令人印象深刻的是她光着脚第一个冲向了终点。awful 讨厌的，可怕的；essential 基本的，必要的；impressive 印象深刻的；obvious 明显的。故选 C。10.Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a _ smile and let him go.(湖北卷)A.cautious B.grateful C.tolerant D.wild答案 C 句意：她没有指责打破

27、花瓶的男孩，而是给他一个宽容的微笑，让他走了。cautious谨慎的；grateful 感激的；tolerant 宽容的；wild 野生的。故选 C。11.I cant meet you on Sunday.Ill be _ occupied.(江苏卷)A.also B.just C.nevertheless D.otherwise答案 D 句意：我星期天不能见你，因为到时我将会有其他的事要忙。also也；just 恰好；nevertheless 然而，不过；otherwise 另外；在其他方面，根据语境9可知选 D。12.Its our hope that we will play a gr

28、eater role in the market place and，_，supply more jobs.(安徽卷)A.however B.anywhereC.therefore D.otherwise答案 C 句意：我们将在市场中起更重要的作用，因而能提供更多的工作，这是我们的希望。however 然而，表示转折；anywhere 在任何地方；无论何处；therefore 因此，表示因果关系；otherwise 否则，要不然的话。根据句意应选 C。13.Instead of hiding behind walls，a defender sometimes must _ engage and

29、 disable enemy forces before they strike.A.flexibly B.activelyC.primitively D.conservatively答案 B 句意：防御者有时不应该躲在墙后，而必须积极主动地在敌军发动进攻之前攻击敌军，使他们溃不成军。A 项意为“灵活地” ；B 项意为“主动地；积极地” ；C 项意为“最初地” ；D 项意为“保守地；谨慎地” 。根据题意可知选 B。14.Despite the failure of his business，he remains optimistic and _ untroubled by his problems.A.hopefully B.approximatelyC.seemingly D.frequently答案 C 句意：尽管生意失败，但他依旧乐观，貌似没有被他的问题所困扰。seemingly意为“看来似乎，貌似” ；hopefully 意为“充满希望地” ；approximately 意为“大约” ；frequently意为“经常地” 。