江苏省南京市2018年中考英语语法复习形容词、副词.doc

1、1中考语法形容词/副词一. 形容词1. 定义：形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。2. 用法adj.+n. 形容词修饰名词。如：a nice day系动词+ adj. 形容词作表语 有：一 be, 二保持 keep, stay 三变 become, turn get, 五个感官 look, smell, feel,sound, taste, 等。keep/make+宾语+adj. 作宾语补足语 以及作宾补的介词短语：with+宾语+adj.3. 与形容词的相关考点：不定代词的用法something, somebody, someone 通常用于肯定句;any

2、thing, anyone, anybody 通常用于否定句一般疑问句或条件状语从句中。在肯定句中 anything 表示任何事物，常与everything 放在一起做辨析。不定代词+adj. 作后置定语修饰不定代词 例如 There is nothing wrong with my computer.不定代词+to do 不定式 to do 不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词。二、副词：副词时用来修饰动词和形容词的程度。1.形容词变副词的规律 一般情况下直接加“ly” 中考中以 e 结尾的形容词，要去掉 e 再加-ly 的，只有一个 true-truly绝大多数辅音字母加 e 结尾的形容词直接加-

3、ly。如：以“y”结尾的，且读音为 / i /， 先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”但是如果读音为 / ai /， 直接加 ly，如：dry-dryly shy-shyly 以辅音字母加 le 结尾时，去 e 加 y2.频度副词2频度副词 never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always 从不，很少，有时，经常，通常，总是。这些词都是表示频率的词，一般在句中作状语。它们所对应的百分比见下表：三、难点：1.有些形容词和副词形式一样，但是用法却完全不同。比如 hard（难的）和 hard（努力地）2.副词具有两种形式的，一种表示抽象概念，另外一种表示

4、具体概念。如 wide 和widely3.有些以 ly 结尾的单词并不是副词，而是形容词，如 friendly。这种形容词同时是名词+ly 的形式。4.有些形容词的 ly 形式并不是其副词形式。比如 hard 和 hardly近三年模拟题形容词总结2016 年一模题组【2016 年 溧水一模】 curious interested in anything new【2016 年 高淳一模】 early avoid the heavy traffic tomorrow morning【2016 年 建邺一模】 completely forgot Mr. Johns projectbe very a

5、ngry【2016 年 联合体一模】 modest never shows off.【2016 年 联合体一模】 seldom He often goes on business in Canada【2016 年 江宁一模】 interested/interesting/bored/boringwant to read them again【2016 年 六合一模】 friendly has a smile on her face3【2016 年 秦淮一模】 impossible we try our best to make it2017 年一模题组【2017 年 溧水一模】 speak s

6、lowly read your mouth more easily and understand better【2017 年 建邺一模】 happen suddenly know some ways to protect yourselves【2017 年 联合体一模】 hardly understand English filmsdoes well in her written English【2017 年 江宁一模】 had exactly one minute to complete the special taskno more and no less【2017 年 江宁一模】 con

7、fident enough to take on any challenge【2017 年 秦淮一模】 simply lie on the beach enjoy all the water sports【2017 年 玄武一模】 clapped hands excitedly saw their favourite pop stars come in2018 年一模题组【2018 年 建邺一模】 have more meaningful things to doa waste of time to play phone games【2018 年 联合体一模】 make yourself va

8、luable doesnt want to lose you【2018 年 玄武一模】 Community safety is specially introduced Very useful【2018 年 鼓楼一模】 walk a little more slowly thought you could follow me四、真题考点归纳1. 题干中出现了 Have you found it to read these English stories4主谓宾宾补结构2. 并列句的连词：and，but，or。题干中常常涉及到句子之间的转折、并列和选择关系，因此需要在这些方面下功夫3. 涉及到的

9、句型有too.to, enough.to, its adj+to do sthFind it +adj, make it +adj,4.考察的单词中，有易混淆的 interested/interesting,widely/wide, closely/close, hardly/hard, 有些加强语气的，completely，exactly，simply，还有些积极的meaningful，valuable，polite，modest，curious，friendly，confident词组积累： in Chinas scientific and technological developmen

10、t2016 年一模真题组【2016 溧水一模】1. What do you think of Jane?Shes a girl and always interested in anything new.A. curious B. modest C. energetic D.organized考点：形容词辨析 A【2016 高淳一模】2. We will have to leave _ to avoid the heavy traffic tomorrow morning. A. early B. quietly C. slowly D.politely考点：副词 A【2016 建邺一模】3.

11、 Jack, you look worried. What happened? I _ forgot Mr. Johns project and Im afraid hell be very angry.A. successfully B. completely C. smoothly D. peacefully 考点：副词 B【2016 联合体一模】4. Millie does well in her lessons. But she never shows off.I cant agree more. She is quite . 5A. modest B. modern C. gentl

12、e D. polite考点：形容词辨析 A【2016 联合体一模】5. Have you ever seen Tom recently? . He often goes on business in Canada.A. Seldom B. Usually C. Always D. Often考点：频率副词 A【2016 江宁一模】6. Have you found it to read these English stories?Yes, I want to read them again if I have time.A. interested B. interesting C. bored

13、 D. Boring考点：形容词辨析 B【2016 六合一模】7. What do you think of your English teacher, Tim?I love her. She is really . She always has a smile on her face.A. humorous B. funny C. friendly D. serious考点：形容词词义辨析 C【2016 秦淮一模】8. On March 29 th , the Chinese football team managed to win an important match. Their suc

14、cess shows nothing is _ if we try our best to make it.A. impossible B. helpless C. possible D. helpful 考点：形容词词义辨析 A2017 年一模真题组【2017 年 玄武一模】1. The fans in the hall clapped hands _ when they saw their favourite pop stars come in.A. excited B. excitedly C. exciting D. excitingly6答案 B 形容词副词【2017 年 建邺一模】

15、2. Earthquakes always happen _ so you should know some ways to protect yourselves once they come. A. silently B. hopefully C. suddenly D. carelessly答案 C 副词辨析【2017 年 江宁一模】3. John is so excited. Did he win the competition?Yes. He had _ one minute to complete the special task, no more and no less. A. e

16、specially B. probably C. exactly D. hardly答案 C 副词辨析【2017 年 江宁一模】4. You may meet many difficulties in the future. You should learn to be _ enough to take on any challenge.A. confident B. modest C. generous D. curious 答案 A 形容词辨析【2017 年 联合体一模】5. Linda always does well in her written English, but she ca

17、n _understand English films.A. usually B. hardly C. easily D. already答案 B 副词辨析【2017 年 秦淮一模】6. In Sanya, you can enjoy all the water sports, or _ lie on the beach.A. simply B. hardly C. nearly D. especially【答案】A【解析】句意理解和单词识记。在三亚，你可以享受所有水上运动，或者仅仅是简单地躺在沙滩上。A. simply 简单地；B. hardly 频率副词，几乎不； C. nearly 接近

18、 D. especially 尤其。 【2017 年 溧水一模】7. Please speak _ to those children with hearing problems so that they can read your mouth more easily and understand better. 7A. happily B. politely C. quietlyD. slowly答案 D 副词辨析2018 年一模真题组【2018 年 鼓楼一模】1.Dad, would you please walk a little more_ ?Sorry. I thought you

19、could follow me.A. closely B. quickly C. quietly D. slowly答案 D 副词【2018 年 建邺一模】2. It is really a waste of time to play phone games.Exactly! As a teenager, we have more things to do .A. careful B. successful C. meaningful D. peaceful答案 C【2018 年 联合体一模】3. Mom, Ive just got a new job in a big company.Congratulations! Try to make yourself _ so that the company doesnt want to lose you.A. valuable B. comfortable C. fashionable D. strong答案 A 【2018 年 玄武一模】4. How do you like the book? Very useful. Community safety is _ introduced in it.A. probably B. hardly C. usually D. specially答案 D