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本文((天津专用)2019高考英语二轮增分策略专题一语法知识第10讲形容词与副词优选习题.doc)为本站会员(sofeeling205)主动上传,麦多课文库仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知麦多课文库(发送邮件至master@mydoc123.com或直接QQ联系客服),我们立即给予删除!

(天津专用)2019高考英语二轮增分策略专题一语法知识第10讲形容词与副词优选习题.doc

1、1第 10讲 形容词与副词1.Despite the poor service of the hotel,the manager is to invest in sufficient training for his staff.(2018江苏,34)A.keen B.reluctantC.anxious D.ready答案 B解析 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为:虽然宾馆的服务很差,但经理仍然不愿意投资对员工进行充分的培训。reluctant 意为“不情愿的” ,符合语境。keen 渴望的,着迷的;anxious担心的,焦虑的;ready 准备好的,愿意的。2.Only five years a

2、fter Steve Jobs death,smart-phones defeated PCs in sales.(2017江苏,29)A.controversial B.contradictoryC.confidential D.conventional答案 D解析 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为:仅仅在史蒂夫乔布斯去世五年之后,智能手机的销售额就打败了传统的个人电脑。语境提到 smart-phones(智能手机),与之对应的PCs(personal computers)应该用形容词 conventional修饰,表示“传统的” 。controversial有争议的;contradictory

3、自相矛盾的;confidential 机密的。故选 D。23.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But explanations are hard to find.(2017江苏,34)A.alternative B.aggressiveC.ambiguous D.apparent答案 A解析 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为:恐龙的灭绝不一定是因为天体的碰撞,但也难以找到别的解释。空格处与前面的“未必”(not necessarily)呼应,这里用 alternati

4、ve表示“另外的,可替代的” 。aggressive 好斗的,挑衅的;ambiguous 模棱两可的,不明确的;apparent显而易见的,明白的。4.I want to see Mr White.We have an appointment.Im sorry,but he is not at the moment,for the meeting hasnt ended.(2017天津,3)A.busy B.activeC.concerned D.available答案 D解析 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为:我想见怀特先生。我们已经约好了。很抱歉,但是此刻他没空,因为会议还没有结束。availa

5、ble 可表示“(人)有空的” ,符合语境。busy忙碌的;active 活跃的;concerned 担忧的。5.A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, if you are travelling at high speed.(2016浙江,13)A.eventually B.strangelyC.merely D.especially答案 D解析 考查副词词义辨析。句意为:突然停下来可能是一次非常可怕的经历,尤其是你正在高速行驶时。especially 特别,尤其,符合语境。eventually 最终;strangely 奇怪地

6、;merely仅仅,只。6.I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the coming years.(2016浙江,18)3A.little more B.no moreC.much more D.many more答案 D解析 考查比较级。句意为:我一直喜欢你组织的所有活动,希望在未来几年里能参加更多的活动。many more 后省略了 events。根据句意可知选 D。7.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and

7、review of the case.(2015江苏,31)A.comprehensive B.complicatedC.conscious D.crucial答案 A解析 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为:警官们决定对该案件进行一次彻底、详尽的审查。comprehensive综合的,详尽的;complicated 复杂的;conscious 有意识的;crucial 至关重要的。根据 and判断,所填词和 thorough(彻底的,细致的)意思相近。故选 A项。8.Most of us,if we know even a little about where our food comes from

8、,understand that every bite put into our mouths was alive.(2015浙江,13)A.steadily B.instantlyC.formerly D.permanently答案 C解析 考查副词词义辨析。句意为:我们大多数人,如果对食物来源多少知道一点点的话,就会明白我们嘴里的每一口食物从前都是有生命的。formerly 以前,从前,符合语境。steadily稳固地,坚定地,不动摇地;instantly 立刻,马上;permanently 永久地,长期不变地。9.The idea “happiness, ” ,will not sit

9、still for easy definition.(2014江苏,28)A.to be rigid B.to be sureC.to be perfect D.to be fair答案 B解析 考查动词不定式短语意义辨析。to be rigid 刻板地说,死板地说;to be sure 诚然,的确,无可否认;to be perfect 完美地说,说得完美些;to be fair 公平而言,说句公道4话。本句主干是 The idea “happiness” will not sit still for easy definition.,其意思是:给“幸福”这一概念下定义远非易事。根据四个动词不

10、定式短语的意义和句子主干的意思,我们可以选择 B项 to be sure。综合考虑可知题干句意为:诚然,给“幸福”这一概念下定义远非易事。10.Thanks for your directions to the house;we wouldnt have found it .(2014江西,23)A.nowhere B.howeverC.otherwise D.instead答案 C解析 考查副词词义辨析。nowhere 无处;however 然而;otherwise 否则,要不然;instead反而。句意为:谢谢你为我们指路,要不然我们找不到那所房子。故 C项正确。11.After the

11、long journey,the three of them went back home, .A.hungry and tiredly B.hungry and tiredC.hungrily and tiredly D.hungrily and tired答案 B解析 句意为:经过长途跋涉后,这三个人回到了家,又累又饿。此处形容词短语作状语,表示主语的状态。故选 B项。诊断报告考向 对应题号 我的薄弱环节1 形容词与副词的词义辨析1,2,3,4,5,7,82 形容词和副词的比较等级 63 形容词作状语 11 4. 连接副词辨析 105. 形容词和副词短语辨析 9解题方法1.形容词词义辨析法

12、5形容词的考查在高考试题中比较多,具体在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项。2.副词词义辨析法副词的考查在高考试题中也比较多,具体在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项。具体来说,要注意:(1)一些副词的具体含义;(2)一些副词在具体句子中的辨析。考点 1 形容词与副词的词义辨析1.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most statements of how,and on what basis,data are collected.(2016江苏,31)A.explicit B.ambiguousC.original D.arbit

13、rary 答案 A解析 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为:他全面的调查提供了关于如何收集信息及在什么基础上收集信息的最清楚明确的说明。explicit 清楚的,明晰的,详述的;ambiguous 模棱两可的,含糊不清的;original 起初的,原来的;arbitrary 任意的,随心所欲的。2.They gave money to the old peoples home either or through their companies.(2015安徽,31)A.legally B.sincerelyC.personally D.deliberately答案 C解析 考查副词词义辨析。句意为:他

14、们或者个人或者通过他们的公司给敬老院捐款。legally合法地,法律上;sincerely 真诚地;personally 亲自,当面,个别地,就自己而言;deliberately 故意地,谨慎地,慎重地。根据 through their companies可知personally为正确答案。考点归纳解决词义辨析题的关键是牢记某些高频词的词义,掌握词义的有效办法就是通过语境去记忆,通过背诵句子来记忆词汇的音、形、义。1.Did he break it accidentally (by accident/by chance)?No,purposely (on purpose).6他是不小心把它打碎

15、了吗?不是,是故意地。2.Search your heart and ask if youre equally to blame.扪心自问,你是不是同样也应该受到谴责。3.Im especially (particularly) fond of pop songs.我尤其喜欢流行音乐。4.Eventually (Finally),he made it.他终于成功了。创设语境牢记下列高考高频词汇:increasingly,largely,meanwhile,merely,completely,partly,practically,rarely,accessible,accurate,adapta

16、ble,addicted,adorable,affordable,aggressive,alternative,apparent,artificial,available,casual,cautious,complex,confident,constant,contradictory,controversial,dramatic,effective,flexible,frequent,individual,inevitable,optional,permanent,potential,relevant,skeptical,secure,sensitive,responsible,subtle,

17、transparent,unique 等。考点 2 形容词与副词的比较等级1.Andy is content with the toy.It is he has ever got.(2015四川,7)A.a better B.the betterC.a best D.the best答案 D解析 考查形容词的最高级。句意为:安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他得到的最好的玩具。根据 he has ever got可以推知这是“他得到的最好的玩具” 。故选 D。 2.Its said that the power plant is now large as what it was.A.twice as

18、B.as twiceC.twice much D.much twice答案 A解析 句意为:据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。倍数表达法有多种,此处考查的是“倍数词as形容词/副词原级as其他”结构。故选 A。考点归纳7(一)形容词与副词的比较级1.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit 等。2.比较级than .“比更” ;less .than“不如”3.the比较级,the比较级“越,越”4.the比较级of (the)名词/代词“(两者中)

19、较的”(1)Goods imported from abroad are not always even better than those made in China.Yes.Some of the goods made in our country are of high quality.国外进口的货物并不一定比中国做得更好。没错。我们国家生产的一些商品质量很好。(2)Its believed that the harder you work,the better result youll get.人们相信,工作越努力,得到的结果将越好。(二)形容词与副词的最高级1.三者或三者以上的比较用

20、最高级。2.最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like 等。3.“否定词比较级”表示最高级意义。(1)The happiest are not those who own all the best things,but those who can appreciate the beauty of life.最幸福的人们并不是拥有最好的东西的人,而是那些懂得欣赏生活的美好的人。(2)I cant agree with you more,but we cant afford t

21、he money.我非常同意你的观点,但我们负担不起这笔费用。(三)表示倍数的几个句型1.倍数as形容词/副词原级as.2.倍数形容词/副词比较级than.83.倍数the性质名词(size/length/height 等)of.4.The名词be倍数what 从句5.The名词be倍数that/those of.(1)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.为迎接下一届亚运会而正在修建的体育场将是现在的三倍大。(2)Mr Hilton

22、is very pleased with the newly-built house,which is almost twice the size of the one he used to live in.希尔顿先生对新建的房子很满意,这个房子几乎是他过去居住房子的两倍大。考点 3 形容词作状语Could you please explain the assignment for Monday,Miss Smith?Certainly.Read the next chapter and come to class to discuss what youve read.A.preparing

23、B.preparedC.to prepare D.to be prepared答案 B解析 句意为:史密斯小姐,请说明一下周一的任务好吗?当然可以。阅读下一章,来上课的时候准备好讨论你所读的内容。根据句子结构可知设空处应为状语,表示状态。此处 prepared为过去分词转换为形容词,强调状态,说明到学校的时候已经准备好了。考点归纳形 容 词 作 状 语 表 示 伴 随 或 结 果 , 并 不 表 示 动 作 的 方 式 。(1)Having been out of touch with his parents for two years,Jones returned home,safe and

24、 sound.与父母失去联系两年后,琼斯安然无恙地回到了家中。(2)Scared and alone,Joshua one day makes friends with a little mouse he calls Bethlehem who becomes his closest friend.9由于害怕和孤独,一天乔舒亚和一只被他叫作伯利恒的小老鼠成为朋友,之后那只小老鼠成了他最亲密的朋友。考点 4 连接副词辨析Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, ,supply more jobs.

25、(2014安徽,33)A.however B.anywhereC.therefore D.otherwise答案 C解析 考查副词词义辨析。句意为:我们希望的是,我们能在市场发挥更大的作用,因此,提供更多的就业机会。however 然而,表转折关系;anywhere 无论何处,表条件;therefore因此,表因果关系;otherwise 否则,表相反的结果。根据句意选 C。考点归纳1.表示增补:besides,further,then,similarly,likewise,moreover2.表示等同:similarly,likewise,equally3.表示对比:rather,oppos

26、itely4.表示概括:altogether,generally5.表示列举:first(ly),second(ly),finally6.表示条件:otherwise7.表示让步:however,still,yet,nevertheless,though,anyway8.表示结果:therefore,consequently,accordingly,thus9.表示时间过渡:meanwhile,sometimes,occasionally10.表示同位关系:namely11.表示着重特指:mainly,mostly,particularly,especially考点 5 形容词与副词短语辨析W

27、hat did you do last weekend?Oh,nothing .(2014大纲全国,35)A.much B.elseC.ever D.yet 答案 A10解析 句意为:上周末你干什么了?哦,没(干)什么事。nothing much 和 nothing else是固定短语,nothing much意为“没什么事” ,nothing else意为“没有别的东西,没有别的事情” ;nothing 不和 ever构成固定短语,但可以一起用在句中,表示“没有什么事情曾经” ;nothing 和 yet也不能构成固定短语,但也可以同时出现在句中。由语境可知,此处显然是表示“没什么事” 。故

28、 A项正确。考点归纳1.to be sure诚然,无疑to be rigid刻板地说,死板地说to be perfect完美地说to be fair公平而言to be frank坦率地讲2.good/nice and.很,非常,完全3.much lessstill less(承接前述否定内容)更不用说still more还有更多;更进一步4.so much the better那样更好for better or (for) worse不论是好是坏,不论是福是祸5.Not a/one (little) bit!一点也不!6.last but not leastlast but by no mea

29、ns least 最后但同样很重要的是1.This film is very with young people, which tells a really romantic story.(2018河东区一模)A.familiar B.popularC.similar D.particular答案 B解析 be familiar with对熟悉;be popular with受欢迎;be similar with与相似;be particular about对于很认真/挑剔。根据句子所要表达的意思可知答案选 B。2.My schedule is quite I could arrange to

30、 meet with you any day next 11week.(2018和平区一模)A.accessible B.flexibleC.sensible D.responsible答案 B解析 accessible 可到达的;flexible 灵活的;sensible 可感觉到的,明显的;responsible负责任的。根据破折号后句意“我可以安排在下周的任何一天与你见面”可知用 flexible。3.The church which is easily from my home is being rebuilt.(2018天津部分区县一模)A.accessible B.availabl

31、eC.acceptable D.responsible答案 A解析 句意为:从我家很容易到达正在重建的教堂。accessible 容易接近的;available 可获得的,有空的;acceptable 可以接受的;responsible 负责的,有责任的。4.Find out the reason when you make a mistake,and then making the mistake becomes .(2018河西区一模)A.favorable B.preciousC.essential D.worthwhile答案 D解析 favorable 有利的;precious 珍贵

32、的;essential 必不可少的;worthwhile 值得的。根据上文 Find out the reason when you make a mistake可知用 worthwhile。5.The old couple, country life,were unwilling to move to the city to live with their son.(2017天津十二所重点中学一模)A.accustomed to B.buried inC.addicted to D.exposed to答案 A解析 句意为:那对习惯了乡村生活的老夫妇不愿意搬到城市里和他们的儿子住在一起。be

33、 12accustomed to习惯于,符合句意。be buried in埋头于;be addicted to对有瘾;be exposed to 暴露在。6.If they throw stones at you,dont throw back.Use them to build your own foundation .A.somehow B.anywayC.instead D.nevertheless答案 C解析 句意为:如果别人朝你扔石头,不要扔回去。留着作你建高楼的基石。instead 反而,反倒,符合句意。somehow 以某种方式,不知怎么地;anyway 无论如何;neverth

34、eless 然而,尽管如此。7.Though small,the country has plants from desert grasses to tropical jungle.(2018天津十二区县一模)A.extreme B.abundantC.artificial D.poisonous答案 B解析 extreme 极端的;abundant 丰富的;artificial 人造的;poisonous 有毒的。根据后句:从沙漠草到热带丛林的植物,可见这个国家虽然小但却拥有丰富的植物,所以 B选项符合句意。8.The company cant afford the latest equip

35、ment at present. ,they keep trying new ways to improve efficiency.(2018天津十二区县二模)A.Meanwhile B.OtherwiseC.Furthermore D.Nevertheless答案 D解析 meanwhile 与此同时,在此期间;otherwise 否则;furthermore 此外;nevertheless然而,不过。句意为:该公司目前买不起最新的设备。不过,他们不断尝试新的方法来提高效率。9.Hes not very .You cant always depend on him to do what he

36、 promises to.(2017河东区一模)13A.dependent B.independentC.reliable D.flexible答案 C解析 句意为:他不太可靠。你不能总是指望他做他答应做的事。根据空后的句子可知,他不太可靠。reliable 可靠的,可信赖的,符合句意。dependent 依靠的,依赖的;independent自主的,独立的;flexible 灵活的。10.Intelligence doesnt mean success.You need to work hard as well.(2018红桥区一模)A.honestly B.necessarilyC.for

37、mally D.simply答案 B解析 honestly 老实说,诚实地;necessarily 必要地,必定地,必然地;formally 正式地,规范地;simply 简单地,朴素地。句意为:智慧并不意味着必然会成功,你也需要努力工作。专题强化练(十).单项填空1.Your face seems .Ive probably met you here in the old days.(2018河西区二模)A.familiar B.knownC.similar D.alike答案 A解析 句意为:你的脸看起来很熟悉,我以前可能在这里见过你。familiar 熟悉的;known闻名的;simil

38、ar 类似的;alike 相同的,相似的。2.By accepting lower prices,organizers can sell tickets that would go unsell.(2018河北区二模)A.therefore B.otherwise14C.instead D.however答案 B解析 therefore 因此;otherwise 否则;instead 反而;however 无论如何,然而,但是。句意为:组织者可以通过低价出售把原本卖不出去的票卖出去。3.Since I am now preparing for the college entrance exam

39、ination,my parents are very to me.(2017红桥区二模)A.constant B.consciousC.considerate D.grateful答案 C解析 句意为:因为我现在正在准备高考,我的父母对我很体贴。considerate 体贴的,符合句意。constant 不断的,持续的;conscious 有意识的,神志清醒的,自觉的,刻意的;grateful感激的,感谢的。4.With the word “PM2.5” appearing in media reports,people pay greater attention to it and see

40、k health tips for smoggy days.(2018和平区二模)A.occasionally B.constantlyC.rarely D.immediately答案 B解析 occasionally 偶然,有时候;constantly 重复不断地;rarely 难得地,少见地;immediately立即,马上。句意为:随着“PM2.5”一词不断出现在媒体报道中,人们越来越关注它,并为度过烟雾弥漫的日子寻求健康秘诀。5.Alice has just lost her husband to heart failure.Her smile cant hide her sorrow

41、.(2018天津一中 3月考)A.controversial B.compulsoryC.artificial D.conventional答案 C解析 controversial 有争议的,引发争议的;compulsory 强制性的;artificial 不自然的,假的;conventional(行为、观念等)传统的,符合习俗的。句意为:爱丽丝刚刚失去了死于心力衰竭的丈夫。她那不自然的微笑掩盖不了她的悲伤。6.In our company,Im in a rather position,as my job is different 15from anyone elses.(2017天津一中

42、3月考)A.unique B.abnormalC.tiresome D.random答案 A解析 unique 独一无二的,独特的;abnormal 反常的,变态的;tiresome 令人讨厌的;random随意的。根据句意可知,因为我的工作与其他任何人的不同,我应该在一个独特的职位上,故选 A。7.Jane hopes to talk with her grandparents in Chinese. ,she plans to choose Chinese as an optional course this term.(2017天津一中 4月考)A.However B.Otherwise

43、C.Therefore D.Besides答案 C解析 however 然而;otherwise 否则;therefore 因此;besides 此外。句意表达的是因果关系,故选 C。8.Iris is always kind and to the suffering of others.No wonder she chooses to be a relief workerA.allergic B.immuneC.relevant D.sensitive答案 D解析 句意为:Iris 总是很善良并且能体谅他人的痛苦。难怪她选择当一名救援工作者。be sensitive to对体谅/敏感,符合句

44、意。be allergic to对过敏;be immune to对有免疫力,不受影响;be relevant to 与有关。9.Im not sure whether I can persuade him to give up the adventure. ,I will try my best.(2017红桥区二模)A.Anyhow B.SomehowC.Besides D.Therefore答案 A解析 句意为:我不确定我是否能说服他放弃冒险。无论怎样,我都会尽力。anyhow 不管16怎样,无论如何,符合句意。somehow 不知怎么地;besides 而且,此外;therefore 因

45、此,所以。10.At that time they could not produce computer,let alone high-grade ones.(2018红桥区二模)A.normal B.ordinaryC.popular D.public答案 B解析 normal 正常的;ordinary 普通的;popular 受欢迎的;public 公众的。根据句意和high-grade可知答案是 B。11.The dog attacked passers-by and therefore was kept on a chain by the owner.(2016天津五校联考)A.eve

46、ntually B.fortunatelyC.frequently D.similarly答案 C解析 句意为:这条狗经常地袭击过路者,因此被主人用链子拴住了。frequently 频繁地,经常地,符合句意。eventually 最后;fortunately 幸运地;similarly 同样地。故选 C。12.You dont see the professor from Singapore quite often,do you?No,we only meet .(2018河西区一模)A.eventually B.consistentlyC.frequently D.occasionally答

47、案 D解析 eventually 最终;consistently 一贯地,坚持地;frequently 频繁地;occasionally偶尔地。根据句意和 no,only 可知答案。13.Learning from mistakes can help us keep conscious and avoid repeating them in the days to come.(2018南开区三模)A.previous B.curiousC.obvious D.ridiculous答案 A17解析 句意为:从以前的错误中学习可以帮助我们保持清醒,避免在未来的日子里重复这些错误。previous

48、以前的,先前的;curious 求知欲强的,好奇的;obvious 明显的,显著的;ridiculous可笑的,荒谬的,荒唐的,愚蠢的。14.In England,Chinese is now being taught in over 500 schools,and some of them have been made it a course.(2018河西区三模)A.contradictory B.compulsoryC.contemporary D.temporary答案 B解析 句意为:在英国,500 多所学校正在教汉语,其中一些学校已经让汉语成为一门必修课。contradictory 矛盾的,反驳的;compulsory 必修的,义务的,必须做的,强制性的;contemporary当代的,现代的;temporary 临时的,暂时的。compulsory course 必修课。15.The government must be very about setting policies and make no decision until they are quite sure it is the right one.A.serious B.concernedC.cautious D.nervou

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