（全国通用版）2019高考英语三轮冲刺提分练语法练第5练形容词和副词.docx

1、1第 5练 形容词和副词基础巩固.单句语法填空1Thereweremanypeoplewaitingthere，andsomeofthemlookedanxiousand(disappoint)2Thearticlesareintendedforyoungerreaders，butadultswillfindthissite(suit) forthemaswell.3Almostallthefableshewrotearehumorousand(entertain)，appealingtopeopleofallages.4Doctorsuseittolearnmoreaboutunfamili

2、ardiseasesandthe(late) medicaldevelopment.5Theboystoodupandacceptedtheprize，(surprise) butveryhappy.6Asthelastnamebecame(wide) accepted，thefirstletterwascapitalized.7Youhaventchangedatallyoustilllook(exact) thesameasbefore.8Thewomansmiledandnoddedtome，expressingherthanks(sincere) againandagain.9Fact

3、orieshavebecomecleaneras(strict) environmentpollutionlawshavebeenintroduced.10Sohismother，whowas(will) topayforhiseducation，broughthimhometolookafterthesheep.单句改错(每小题仅有 1处错误)11Iwasinthekitchenwithmychildrenwhenweheardanoise.Afewminuteslate，ourhousefelldown.12Inaddition，theInternetmakessurveyingandvo

4、tingeasyandconvenience，regardlessoftimeandspace.13Unlucky，ayearlater，shehadtogiveupherjobandreturntohercountrywithherparents.14Forthesereasons，thegovernmentshouldtakeeffectivelymeasurestocallforwastesorting.15Itremindsmeoftheoldmanwhodidntrealwanttomakemoneybypainting.16Sheisverysopopularintheschool

5、thatmanyteachersalsoliketointeractwithher.17HisgentlevoicedidwondersandIdecidedtostudyharderandcompletemygraduationearly.18IknowasanexcellentguideIshouldmakeyourjourneyinterestingandmeaningless.219Havinglearnedthiscoursefortwomonths，Ifounditveryinterested.20Ithoughtitalittlecomfortableforyoutoanswer

6、mewithoutsomanybooksinyourarms.技法总结在语法填空中1根据句子意思判断空格处要填的词在句子中作什么成分。下列情况常填形容词：(1)用来修饰名词；(2)位于系动词后作表语；(3)作宾补；(4)表示主语的状态。如果用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，则填副词。2如果空格后有表示比较的提示词 than，则填形容词或副词的比较级；如果有表示比较范围的 in/of短语、定语从句，则填形容词或副词的最高级。另外，还要注意使用比较级的固定句式，如“the比较级，the比较级”等。在短文改错中常考查形容词和副词的误用。1作表语时除了地点副词外均用形容词；作定语时，若前置则用形容

7、词，如果后置则可能用地点副词或形容词短语；作状语时除了有少数几个能表示主语情况的形容词外，一般用副词。2如果有“in范围”或“of范围”来限定范围，要用最高级形式。3注意一些固定句型。如 the比较级，the比较级； cantmore.等。4注意一些习惯用法，确定形容词或副词的形式。如 whats more/worse，sooner or later等。能力提升.阅读理解A(2018辽宁沈阳质监)Myfavoritebook， TheSecretbyRhondaByrne，talksaboutaformulacalled“SFF”whichstandsfor“stoppingfindingfa

8、ults”Iusedtobeacriticalpersonandtriedtofindfaults.IguessIsomehowinheritedthischaracterfrommyfather.Actuallymanygoodqualitiesofmyfatherareworthadmiringexceptthis.3Myfatheristhepersonwhoconstantlylooksformistakesinotherpeopleandhethinksnooneisperfectintheworld.Hischaractercreatedanegativeatmosphereinm

9、yfamily.Iwasthesameasmyfather，soIoftenfeltangry，disappointed，depressed，andlonelyinschool.AfterIhadreadmyfavoritebookIbegantoseek“goodthings”inotherpeople.Ithascompletelyalteredmylife.NowIfeelhappier，Ihavemorefriends，Ihavemoretrustinpeople，andIrealizeeveryonehastheirownstrength! Anotherimportantlesso

10、nIgotfromthisbookisthatIshouldalwaysbehavemyselfinapositivemanner.Letsadmitthatwesometimescomplainaboutoursituation.Thatsnotgood.“Believeitornot，peopledontliketolistentonegativeopinions.”OnemorevaluablelessonIgotfromthebookisthatIshouldbeagoodlistener.WhenIwasyounger，Ionlywantedpeopletopaywholeatten

11、tiontomywordssothatIcouldshowthemhowimportantIwas.Iwasveryproudandwouldshowoffmyachievementsinschoolwithoutconsideringothersfeeling.Ihadveryfewfriendsandmostpeopleconsideredmeasan“arrogant”person.Now，Ifinditmucheasiertomakefriendsaftermakingsomechanges!21Whydoestheauthorlikethebook TheSecret?ABecaus

12、ehesfoundthesecretofsuccessfromit.BBecausethebookuncoversthesecretsofhappiness.CBecauseheslearnthisfatherscharactersfromit.DBecauseithelpshimchangehisattitudetowardslife.22Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthorsfather?AHemakeshissonfeelangryanddisappointed.BHelikesfindingfaultswithpeoplearoundhim.CHeseemsacrit

13、icalpersonbutinfacteasygoing.DHecancreateanegativeatmospherewhennecessary.23Theunderlinedword“arrogant”probablymeans“” Aselfimportant BadmirableCtroublesome Dcoldblooded24Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetext?ATopersuadereaderstobegoodlisteners.BTosharehispainfulchangingexperience.4CTotellreaderst

14、heinfluenceofabookonhim.DToshowtheresultofhisfathersnegativecharacter.B(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔二模)Theresearcherssayapersonlosestwomonthsforeverykilogramoverweighttheyareandsevenyearsforsmokingapacketofcigarettesaday.Unusually，theEdinburghUniversityteamfoundtheiranswersbyanalysingdifferencesinpeoplesgeneticcodeo

15、rDNA.Finallytheythinkitwillshownewwaysofhelpingustolivelonger.Thegroupusedthegeneticcodeofmorethan600,000peoplewhoaretakingpartinanaturalexperiment.Ifsomeonesmokes，drinks，dropsoutofschoolandisoverweight，itcanbedifficulttoidentifytheimpactofonespecificunhealthybehavior.Instead，theresearchersturnedtot

16、henaturalexperiment.Somepeoplecarrymutations(变异) intheirDNAthatincreaseappetite(食欲) ormakethemmorelikelytoputonweight，soresearcherswereabletocomparethoseprogrammedtoeatmorewiththosewhowerenot.TheresearchteamalsofoundspecificmutationsinhumanDNAthatalterlifespan(寿命)Mutationsinagene(asetofinstructionsi

17、nDNA) thatisinvolvedinrunningtheimmunesystemcouldaddsevenmonthsoflifeonaverage.Peoplewithamutationthatincreasedlevelsofbadcholesterolknockedeightmonthsofflifespan.AraremutationinageneAPOElinkedtodementiareducedlifespanby11months.Andonethatmadesmokingmoreappealingcutlivesbyfivemonths.DrJoshisaysthatw

18、hilegenesdoinfluencelifespan， “youvegotevenmoreinfluence”throughthechoicesyoumake.DrJoshisaid， “Wehopetodiscovergenesaffectinglifespantogiveusnewinformationaboutageingandconstructtreatmentforageing.”Therearealsosomediseasemutationsthatclearlyaffectlifespanandtodestructiveeffect，suchastheHuntingtonsg

19、ene.PeoplewithHuntingtonsoftendieintheir20s.However，inordertofollowpeopleuntiltheendoftheirlives，manyofthepeoplestudiedwerebornbefore1940.525Whatisthemostdifficultfortheresearcherstofind?AThedifferencesinpeoplesgeneticcode.BThereasonswhypeopleputonweightveryeasily.CTheresultsofmanynaturalandmassivee

20、xperiments.DOnebadbehaviourseffectonpeoplewithmanybadbehaviours.26Whichofthefollowingmutationsaffectslifespanmostgreatly?AOnelinkedtocontrollingimmunesystem.BOneincreasingunhealthycholesterol.COnecalledAPOEinvolvedindementia.DOnemakingsmokingmoreattractive.27WhatsthemeaningofDrJoshisstudy?ATohelpsto

21、pmutations.BTofinddiseasesearlier.CTomakepeoplelivelonger.DToreducetheeffectsofgenes.28Whydidresearchersmainlystudypeoplebornbefore1940?ATofollowthemuntiltheydie.BToeducatethemanextrayear.CToshowtheyaremoreimportant.DTomakethemlivehappier.完形填空Iwentwithsomecolleaguesfrommyofficeforadinnerinaverypopul

22、arlocalrestaurant.Itwas29businesstimeandtherestaurantwaspacked.We30foundatableinacornerforthreeofus.Assoonaswesatdown，weheardacrashwhenacleaningboy31thefloorwithalltheplateshewascarrying.Therewas32andnoonewassayingordoinganything.InaflashIrememberedmy33manyyearsago.Once，I34intheairportbecauseIhadrus

23、hedthereonmyownonanemptystomach.Iwaspickedupandtakencareofbytwo35.Nowthiswasmychanceto36itforward.Irantotheyoungmanssideimmediately，turnedhimonhisbackandscreamedforsomeoneto37ahotdrink.Soonpeopl6estartedaskingifIwasadoctor.IsaidIwasnot，38Iwasskillfulatblackingout(晕厥)Thekidsoonopenedhiseyes，39whathad

24、happened.I40himbysayingitwasOKandIhadhada41experience.Hehadnoteatenanything.Iheldthe29A.peak BlocalCspare Dregular30A.actually BfinallyCeagerly Dgradually31A.kicked BtouchedChit Dswept32A.silence BdangerCdoubt Dtension33A.adventure BflightCexperience Dlesson34A.showedup BwalkedaroundCsettleddown Dpa

25、ssedout35A.friends BstrangersCcolleagues Drelatives36A.pay BreturnCtake Dput37A.order BbuyCserve Dbring38A.and BsoCbecause Dbut39A.knowing BwonderingCignoring Darguing40A.reminded BcomfortedCanswered Dencouraged41A.memorable BpersonalCsimilar Dcommon42drinktohismouthtillhefinisheditandsatwithhimtill

26、hefeltOK.Bythenthe43hadarrived.I7askedhertogivethekidsomethingtoeat.Iofferedtopay.Themanagerwaskindenoughtorefusethe44andagreedtomakesurethekidatebeforehewenthome.Bythetimeallthiswas45itwasgettinglateformycolleagues.Wehadnt46anythingyet，sotheydecidedtogohome.Islowlywalkedhome，nothungryanymore，feelin

27、g47fortheopportunityIpayforwardthe48Ihadreceivedmanyyearsago.42A.cool BrefreshingCsweet Dwarm43A.customer BmanagerCwaitress Ddoctor44A.payment BrewardCsuggestion Dsupport45A.up BawayCover Dbehind46A.prepared BdemandedCreceived Dordered47A.ready BanxiousCgrateful Dcomfortable48A.kindness BhonorCinspi

28、ration Dservice8答案解析.1.disappointed 2.suitable 3.entertaining 4.latest5surprised 6.widely 7.exactly 8.sincerely 9.stricter 10.unwilling.11.Iwasinthekitchenwithmychildrenwhenweheardanoise.Afewminutes ，ourhouselatelaterfelldown.12Inaddition，theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyand ，regardlessconvenie

29、nceconvenientoftimeandspace.13. ，ayearlater，shehadtogiveupherjobandreturntohercountrywithherparentUnluckyUnluckilys.14Forthesereasons，thegovernmentshouldtake measurestocallforwastesoreffectivelyeffectiveting.15Itremindsmeoftheoldmanwhodidnt wanttomakemoneybypainting.realreally16Sheisverysopopularint

30、heschoolthatmanyteachersalsoliketointeractwithher.17HisgentlevoicedidwondersandIdecidedtostudyharderandcompletemygraduation.earlyearlier18IknowasanexcellentguideIshouldmakeyourjourneyinterestingand .meaninglessmeaningful19Havinglearnedthiscoursefortwomonths，Ifounditvery .interestedinteresting20Ithou

31、ghtitalittle comfortableforyoutoanswermewithoutsomanybooksinyourarms. more.语篇解读 作者原来是一个爱挑剔的、自以为是的人，但读了秘密这本书后，改变了很多。21D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After I had read my favorite book I began to seek good things in other people.It has completely altered my life.Now I feel happier，I have more friends，I have more trus

32、t in people，and I realize everyone has their own strength！”可知，作者读了这本书之后，对待生活的态度发生了改变，所以 D正确。922B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“My father is the person who constantly looks for mistakes in other people and he thinks no one is perfect in the world.”可知，作者的父亲喜欢挑别人的毛病。23A 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“I was very proud and would show

33、off my achievements in school without considering others feeling.”可知，作者骄傲自大，从不考虑别人的感受，这就是作者朋友很少的原因。故选 A项。24C 写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者因为读了一本书，由原来的自以为是、爱挑毛病，变得积极乐观友好，所以本文是为了介绍书对作者的影响。故选 C。语 篇 解 读 本 文 主 要 讲 述 的 是 不 良 行 为 对 寿 命 的 影 响 。25D 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“If someone smokes，drinks，drops out of school and is overwei

34、ght，it can be difficult to identify the impact of one specific unhealthy behavior.”可知，很难确定某种特定的不良行为对有着许多不良行为的人产生的影响。故选 D。26C 细节理解题。根据“A rare mutation in a geneAPOElinked to dementia reduced lifespan by 11 months.”可知，一种叫做 APOE的基因对寿命的影响最大。故选C。27C 目的意图题。根据倒数第三段中“We hope to discover genes affecting life

35、span to give us new information about ageing and construct treatment for ageing.”可知，Joshi 博士研究的目的是为了让人们更长寿。故选 C。28A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“However，in order to follow people until the end of their lives，many of the people studied were born before 1940.”可知，研究人员主要研究 1940年前出生的人是为了追踪他们直到他们去世。故选 A。.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者

36、和朋友去餐厅吃饭，突然打扫卫生的男孩摔倒在地，作者立刻提供帮助。因为之前作者晕倒的时候，也有陌生人提供了帮助。所以作者想把这份善良传递下去。29A peak 高峰的；local 当地的；spare 空闲的；regular 有规律的。根据后半句可知餐厅里非常拥挤，说明是用餐的高峰期。故 A项正确。30B actually 实际上；finally 最终；eagerly 急切地；gradually 逐渐地。句意为：我们三个最终在角落里找到了一张桌子。故 B项正确。31C kick 踢；touch 触摸；hit 撞击；sweep 清扫。根据下文的描述可知，男孩倒在地上了，所以此处应该是“撞击地面” ，

37、故 C项正确。32A silence 安静；danger 危险；doubt 怀疑；tension 紧张。由后半句“no one was 10saying or doing anything”可知，此时一片寂静，故 A项正确。33C adventure 探险；flight 航班；experience 经验，经历；lesson 教训。看到这一幕，作者突然想起了很多年前的一次经历。根据下文描述可知，作者以前也晕倒过。故 C项正确。34D show up出现；walk around四处走动；settle down定居；pass out昏迷。根据下文可知作者饿着肚子匆忙前往机场，昏迷后受到陌生人的帮助。

38、故 D项符合语境。35B friend 朋友；stranger 陌生人；colleague 同事；relative 亲戚。这次作者想帮助这位陌生的打扫卫生的男孩，是因为之前作者受到陌生人的帮助，想把这份善良传递下去。故 B项正确。36A pay 偿还；return 返回；take 带走；put 放置。作者想偿还别人给他的帮助。文章最后一句中的 pay forward也是提示。故 A项正确。37D order 命令，点(餐)，订购；buy 购买；serve 服务；bring 带来，拿来。此处指大声叫着让人拿杯热饮来。bring 表示从远处把物品拿到近处。故 D正确。38D 句意为：我说我不是医生

39、但是在处理晕厥方面我很擅长。前后句之间是转折关系，故 D项正确。39B know 知道；wonder 想知道；ignore 忽视；argue 争论。句意为：男孩睁开眼睛，想知道发生了什么事情。故 B项正确。40B remind 提醒；comfort 安慰；answer 回答；encourage 鼓励。句意为：我安慰他说没什么问题，我也有过类似的经历。故 B项正确。41C memorable 难忘的；personal 私人的；similar 类似的；common 普通的，常见的。参考上题解析。故 C项正确。42D 上文提到作者叫人拿来一杯热饮，故此处应为 warm drink。故 D项正确。4

40、3B 根据下文“The manager was kind enough to.”可知，餐厅的经理过来处理这件事情了。故 B项正确。44A payment 付款；reward 报酬；suggestion 建议；support 支持。由上文中的“I offered to pay.”可知，作者主动提出付钱，但经理拒绝了。故 A项正确。45C 作者处理好这一切以后，时间已经很晚了。be over 结束。故 C项正确。46D prepare 准备；demand 要求；receive 收到；order 点(餐)，订购，命令。根据后半句“我们决定回家”可知，作者和同事并没有在餐厅里点餐。故 D项正确。47C ready 准备好的；anxious 焦虑的；grateful 感激的；comfortable 舒服的。对于有这样帮助他人的机会，作者心怀感激之情。故 C项正确。48A kindness 善良；honor 荣耀；inspiration 灵感；service 服务。根据上文可知作者晕倒的时候也得到别人的帮助，现在我有机会帮助他人，把这份善良传递下去。故 A项正确。11