（通用版）2019高考英语二轮复习第四板块书面表达7步成文第三步要点语序巧勾连文意清晰“保连贯”讲义.doc

1、17 步成文第三步要点语序巧勾连，文意清晰“保连贯”将要点逐句翻译之后，接下来的工作就是连句成文的过程。在连句成文时，要按照时间、空间、事件发展过程或其他的逻辑顺序进行排列，使之叙述清楚、条理分明。此外，考生还要注重段落的结构安排，做到主题突出、结构合理、层次清晰，从而获取阅卷老师的印象分。如何让语意连贯、架构清晰，本讲将从以下三个角度给予点拨。一、适当补加，语意连贯在写作中如果仅罗列提示中的要点，这样拼凑出的文章读起来难免干巴生涩，东一言、西一语，跳跃性大，不知所言，就好比一堆缺少血肉的骨架。要使文章有血有肉，就要补充一些过渡衔接性的语句，让语意连贯自然。所谓补加，就是在合乎所给情景以及英语

2、习惯的前提下，适当扩展补充句子，或添加一些提示中没有提及但对烘托主题又十分必要的信息。请看下面的文章：Its such a pleasant surprise to hear from you. Thanks for the nice gift you sent me. I like it very much. At the same time, I truly appreciate what youve done for me during my stay in your company. Its nice and generous of you to do all this.这是一个很有特

3、色的表达“感谢”的片段。文中应用多种形式表达了“感谢” ，同时还添加了黑体部分，这就使“感谢”更加真诚，符合英语感谢场景。如果没有这些补加的黑体部分，试读一下，是否语不畅、意不明。但是，补加的成分或内容应合情合理，不能“跑偏了” ，否则会让人有“拆台”或“滥竽充数”的感觉，导致得分档次的降低。请看下面 2016 年全国卷一位考生作文的片段：I have written out my job application form and personal resume. But because my English level is very low, I am afraid there may b

4、e many mistakes in them. So I hope you can correct my mistakes when you find them. From this matter I have realized the importance of learning English well. It is a very useful tool for all of us. I must take great efforts to learn English well.该文章的目的是希望外教能帮助修改申请书和个人简历的文字和格式，但是黑体部分所表述的是学习英语的重要性以及决心学

5、好英语，给人以“跑偏”的感觉。二、合并调整，句式多样在连句成文时，往往会出现句式单调、结构重复或语言冗余等问题。一个句子独立来看是好句子，但若置于篇章之中未必是适合行文的好句子。因此，需要对这些句子进行适当调整，完善表达。请看下面的一个片段：First, you can try to communicate with your parents, and you can communicate with your teachers and friends as well. You can get along better 2with them in order that you can let

6、out your anger. You will not hurt them or yourself if you do so. Second, it is important to do regular exercise. You can play football or basketball. Third, it is important to keep high mood. You should have good mood every day. You should also renew your spirits and release your stress. You can hav

7、e a good attitude towards life and enjoy your beautiful life.这是未加润色而直接合并要点句拼凑成的文章，问题主要表现在表达单调，简单句过多，主要是 you can .，you should ., it is important .，这与“句式多样”的要求相去甚远。为避免此类问题，我们可对句子进行优化组合。句 1 和句 2 可以进行合并为“First, you can try to communicate with your parents, teachers and friends and get along better with

8、them in order that you can let out your anger.”句 3 前增加 In this way，即 “In this way, you will not hurt them or yourself if you do so.”句 4 和句 5 进行合并，同时用 of importance 替换 important，即“Second, it is of importance to do regular exercise, such as playing football or basketball.”句 6 改变句子开头方式并优化，即“Keeping hig

9、h mood is good for our mental health.”句 7、8、9 可合并为“You should have good mood every day, renew your spirits and release your stress so that you can have a good attitude towards life and enjoy your beautiful life.”通过以上调整，整个段落长短句结合，句式更加灵活，多样化，使文章显得更紧凑、更流畅。综上所述，要想写好一段话，必须遵循两个原则：1统一性原则。一段话只能有一个中心，每句话都只能围

10、绕这个中心去阐述，不能随心所欲地添加一些与中心无关的句子。2句式多变原则。考生一定要注意句式应灵活多变，避免采用单一的句子结构，切记不要让 there be, and, have, think 等常见词汇泛滥。书面表达的句子并非越长越好，有时，一个短小精辟的句子也可以起到画龙点睛的作用，因此书面表达的写作讲究长短句结合，各种句式交错使用。如果考生能做到简单句、并列句、三大从句、非谓语动词交替使用，那么就会使文章增色添彩，提升档次，获得阅卷老师的青睐。三、合理分段，层次清晰合理安排文章的结构。一篇文章通常可以分为三部分，即开头、正文和结尾。近几年3高考作文范文及满分作文，绝大多数为 23 段，还

11、有个别范文为 4 段。与一个段落的文章相比，阅卷老师更青睐段落层次清晰的文章。请看下面 2017 年全国卷的一篇考生作文：Dear Henry，The Chinese papercutting art exhibition is to be held in the art gallery next Sunday in our city center, which lasts from 8：00 am to 5：00 pm.Im writing to invite you to attend it.Papercutting is a traditional art form in China a

12、nd it has a history of more than 1,500 years.People often use it to decorate their home during festivals and weddings.In this exhibition, you can see all kinds of papercutting patterns.In addition, some famous artists will perform how to cut paper on the spot.I wish that you could grasp this opportu

13、nity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.Looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely，Li Hua上面的作文语言准确，而且使用了非谓语动词、复合句(包括宾语从句、定语从句)以及虚拟语气等，总体来说是一篇相当不错的作文。但是，文章没有分段，结构不清晰，把所有内容混搭在一起，给阅卷老师判卷带来了困难，从而影响了得分。如果我们把该文分成三段，第一段介绍展览的时间、地点并发出邀请；第二段对剪纸艺术进行较为详细的介绍；第三段期待对方的回信。这样段落分明、结构清晰，自然会受到阅卷老师的青睐，评分自然就

14、会高。当然，如果我们再对句子进行一下优化会更好。请看优化后的文章：Dear Henry，I am writing to invite you to attend the Chinese papercutting art exhibition to be held in the art gallery from 8：00 am to 5：00 pm next Sunday in our city center.Papercutting is a traditional art form in China, which has a history of more than 1,500 years.

15、People often beautify their home with papercutting during festivals and weddings.In this exhibition, you can see papercutting with all kinds of patterns.In addition, there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot.I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn tradition

16、al Chinese culture further.Looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely，4Li Hua由于近几年高考英语全国卷的书面表达基本都是书信，词数均要求 100 左右。我们不妨可以把书信按照传统的“三段式”进行划分，有时也可分为四段。按照时间、空间或其他逻辑顺序把相关联的内容安排在相应的段落内，使层次更清晰，结构更合理。课堂应用体验 .每年都有许多人出国旅游，但一些人的不文明行为引起了社会的广泛关注。某英语报社正在举行以“文明出国旅游”为主题的讨论。假定你是李华，请你给该报社专栏编辑写一封信，呼吁大家做文明游客。要点如下：1尊重

17、习俗； 2.不高声喧哗； 3.其他。注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3开头语和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Editor，Ive read your discussion on how to behave properly when traveling abroad.Yours，Li Hua考生作文Dear Editor，Ive read your discussion on how to behave properly when traveling abroad. Every year, a lot of people will go abroa

18、d to travel. Some peoples impolite behaviors caused the attention of the society. We should be cautious about how we act. How to be a civilized tourist has become a heated topic. I think that we should respect and follow local customs. We shouldnt talk loudly in public places to avoid disturbing oth

19、ers. We should be aware that queue jumping is unacceptable in many countries. We should remember that we are representing our country while we are traveling abroad. If we can do these, we can enjoy our trip abroad and have beautiful memories as well.Yours，Li Hua我来升格Dear Editor，Ive read your discussi

20、on on how to behave properly when traveling abroad.5Every_year,_a_great_many_holidaymakers_go_abroad_for_sightseeing_and_relaxation._While_they_are_enjoying_themselves,_some_of_them_behave_rudely._How_to_be_a_civilized_tourist_has_become_a_heated_topic._In_my_opinion,_it_is_necessary_to_watch_our_ma

21、nners._First,_we_must_respect_and_follow_local_customs._Besides,_wed_better_not_talk_loudly_in_public_places_to_avoid_disturbance_to_others._Also,_be_aware_that_queue_jumping_is_unacceptable_in_many_countries._More_importantly,_we_should_bear_in_mind_that_we_are_representing_our_country_while_abroad

22、,_so_we_need_to_be_cautious_about_how_we_act._Only_in_this_way_can_we_enjoy_our_trip_abroad_and_have_beautiful_memories_as_well.Yours，Li Hua.假定你是李华，你的美国笔友 David 对你校开设的一些选修课程(optional courses)非常感兴趣，来信向你询问相关事宜和你的看法。请根据以下内容提示给他写封回信。1选修课程包括：英语戏剧、模型制作(model making)等；2每门课程的优点；3你希望增加的课程及理由。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2

23、.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.信件的格式及结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear David，Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua考生作文 Dear David, Im glad that youre interested in optional courses in our school. Here is some information about each course. Option courses contain English drama and model making. If you are interested in

24、science, you can choose model making. If you want to practice your oral English, you can choose English drama. In model 6making you can learn a lot knowledge about science. In English drama you can learn about different characters and also learn how to perform them. Besides, in model making you can

25、learn more about teamwork. I suggest adding a music course. Lots of students are suffering from the stress of study. It is relaxing for them to play musical instruments.Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua我来升格Dear David，Im_glad_that_youre_interested_in_optional_courses_in_our_school._Here_is_s

26、ome_information_about_each_course.Option_courses_contain_English_drama_and_model_making._If_you_are_keen_on_science,_model_making_is_definitely_your_favorite._Students_can_get_to_know_more_about_science,_which_will_greatly_arouse_their_interest._Besides,_you_can_learn_more_about_teamwork._If_you_wan

27、t_to_practice_your_oral_English,_you_can_take_a_course_on_English_drama._When_you_are_challenging_different_characters,_you_also_learn_how_to_perform_them.In_my_opinion,_I_suggest_adding_a_music_course._Lots_of_students_are_suffering_from_the_stress_of_study._It_is_relaxing_for_them_to_play_musical_instruments. Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua7