（全国）2020高考英语大一轮复习话题版主题语境Unit5工作与职业讲义.doc

1、1Unit 5 工作与职业.单词拼写 1.The study raises the possibility(可能性) that dieting is bad for your health.2.The Center offers programs designed to challenge(挑战) and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.(2018北京)3.Students are encouraged to take control(控制) of their own learning, rather than just dependin

2、g on the teacher.4.To do so，it should help to understand why people undertake(承担) voluntary work and what keeps their interest in the work.5.In order to impress at a job interview，you need to bond with the interviewer(主持面试者) right away.6.Catherine was supposed to go with me.But she may have to work

3、extra(额外的) hours tomorrow.7.Any given performance(表演)takes a tour bus full of artists，technical experts，managers，musicians，or writers to create an appealing piece of art.8.I paused to catch my breath and then positioned(使自己站在) myself to take the best photo of this panorama.(2017天津)9.A recommendation

4、 letter is often your earliest written contact with a potential(潜在的) employer, creating a critical first impression.10.The World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held in Tianjin at the end of July in order to promote(推动) the development of robotics.(2018天津).单句语法填空1.The appointment(appoint) wa

5、s given to Tom，mainly for political reasons.2.Painters，digital media experts，photographers，booking agents and promoters are hired(hire) to sell tickets and promote the event.(2018江苏) 3.Medium color choices are generally(general) furniture pieces such as sofas，dinner tables or bookshelves.(2018全国)4.M

6、ore than 750,000 have graduated from SAC，with many seeking employment(employ) in engineering，aviation，education，medicine and a wide variety of other professions.(2018北京)5.Becky,12 at the time，adjusted(adjust) to other adults being in the house 2when she returned from school.6.Hes been given six mont

7、hs to live if he doesnt quit drinking(drink).7.The architecture(architect) in the town centre is a successful combination of old and new. 8.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant(assist) in class whose creativity would infect other students.(2016全国)9.They also provide educati

8、onal(educate) programs on fire safety in the residence halls.(2018天津)10.Over the years，there have been a number of different techniques to help designers(design) approach this important point.(2018全国).单句改错(每小题仅有 1处错误)1. by his last letter，she must be from Shanghai.JudgedJudging2.Stern put Travis in

9、the charge of the research team.3.All traffic controllers are threatening to go on a strike.4.Im looking forward to the art gallery next week.visitvisiting5.Our teacher required that we attention to our handwriting.paidpay.选词填空meet with， be occupied with， lay off， look ahead， apply for， hunt for， ha

10、nd over， take on1.Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture，I suggest you apply for Peking University，one of the best universities in China.(2018北京)2.As we look ahead，lets remember what in the end were working to achieve.3.I was occupied with going over my lessons for my final exam when he phon

11、ed to invite me out for dinner.4.Within a short time，however，the burden of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.5.I watched for the desert sunsets，and hunted for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the sands of the desert had been an ocean floor.(2016浙江)6.Suc

12、h is Dadwhatever problem he meets with，he never gives up.7.Shortly after suffering from a large earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.38.The factory laid off 100 workers last month because of the bad situation.同义词语替换1.Caroline doesnt have a gift for music，but she makes up

13、 for it with hard work.musical ability2.Owens came in and took control of the situation.took charge of3.Space exploration may help us avoid possible issues on earth.potential problems4.This project requires close teamwork.Nothing will be achieved unless we work well together.cooperation5.The questio

14、ns in a job interview are usually designed to find out how the candidates handle the tricky situations in the past.deal with6.He always dreams of becoming an expert in the field of agriculture.in the area ofapply vt.涂；敷；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；专心致志(1)apply (to sb. ) for sth. (向某人)申请某物apply to适用于apply sth.

15、to sth. 把某物应用 /涂抹于apply oneself to致力于/集中精力于(2)application n.申请(书)；应用applicant n.申请人(1)The new technology，if applied(apply) to rice growing，will help increase the grain output.(2)Applicants(apply) are required to have a degree in dance area，teaching experience at a professional or college level， abil

16、ity to direct and teach 4stage movement.(2018河南南阳模拟)(3)He has applied to the school for scholarship.句式升级(4)If you apply yourself to the job in hand，youll soon finish it.Applying yourself to the job in hand，youll soon finish it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)Apply yourself to the job in hand，and youll soon finish it.

17、(用“祈使句and陈述句”改写)appoint vt.任 命 ； 委 派 ； 安 排 ， 确 定 时 间 、 地 点 (1)appoint sb. as/to be.任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointment n.约会；预约；任命，委任by appointment按照约定have/make/fix an appointment (with sb. )(与某人)预约/约会keep/break an appointment守/违约(3)appointed adj.指定的；约定的(1)The manager appointed him to r

18、eceive(receive) the businessman.(2)They ignored the appointed(appoint) time and left their homes only after the fixed time.(3) Good morning，Mr Lees office.Good morning.Id like to make an appointment(appoint) for next Wednesday afternoon.(2018北京)(4)A new engineer was appointed(appoint) to deal with t

19、he products returned by customers.(2018北京西城区模拟)句式升级(5)He was appointed as president of the university yesterday.He is giving a speech on the platform now.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Appointed as president of the university yesterday，he is giving a speech on the platform now.易错点拨 表示委任某人担任某职务时，要分清两种情况：5(1)若指的是抽象的职位

20、(如 position，office，presidency，chairmanship 等)，则用“appoint sb. to抽象职位” 。(2)若指的是具体的某职位(如 headmaster，manager，chairman，president 等)，则用“appoint sb. (to be/as)具体职位” 。如：Who shall we appoint (to be/as) chairman of the club？Who shall we appoint to the chairmanship of the club？我们派谁担任俱乐部的主席呢？earn vt.挣 得 ； 赚 得 ；

21、 得 到 ； 博 得(1)earn ones living谋生earn sb. sth. 使某人得到(2)earnings n.收入；工资；利润(1)The companys earnings(earn) have dropped by 5% in the first quarter.公司第一季度的利润下降了 5%。(2)He used to earn his living by fishing.他过去靠打渔为生。(3)His honesty has earned him respect.他的诚实已经为他自己赢得了尊敬。employ vt.雇 用 ； 利 用 时 间 、 精 力 等 (1)em

22、ploy sb. to do.雇用某人做employ.as.雇用当employ oneself in (doing).从事，忙于be employed in (doing).从事，忙于(2)employment n.雇用；职业；就业in employment在业，有工作out of employment失业(3)employer n.雇主，老板employee n.雇工，雇员(1)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees(employ) enjoy their work.

23、6(2)John has been out of employment(失业) for three years.句式升级(3)He was employed in reading and he didnt see Tom come in.Employed in reading，he didnt see Tom come in.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Employing himself in reading，he didnt see Tom come in.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)hire vt.雇用；租用n.U租用；雇用(1)hire out出租(2)on hire已出租for hir

24、e供出租(1)At work，it is IQ that gets you hired(hire) but it is EQ that gets you promoted.(2)There is a growing tendency among employers to hire(hire) casual staff.(3)There were motorcycles for hire.inform vt.告 知 ； 通 知 ； 了 解 ； 熟 悉(1)inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事inform sb. that.通知某人(2)informed adj.消息灵通

25、的；见多识广的keep sb. informed of/about.随时通知某人；使某人知道(1)On March 19，Dennis got a group text informing(inform) him that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital，waiting for the arrival of a baby.(2018全国)(2)He has been informed(inform) that he doesnt qualify for the scholarship because of his academic bac

26、kground.(2017江苏)(3)It was considerate of Michael to inform us of/about(通知我们) his delay in case we got worried.(4)同义句改写 He informed the company of the ships safe arrival.(改为复合句)7He informed the company that the ship had arrived safely.易错点拨 inform 后不接双宾语，也不用于 inform sth. to sb. 。要表示“告诉某人某事” ，通常用 infor

27、m sb. of/about sth. 。inform 的宾语通常只能是人，所以当后接从句时，其前的 sb. 不能省略。promote v.促 进 ； 提 升 ； 宣 传 ； 促 销promotion n.提 升 ， 晋 级 ； 促 销 产 品(1)She worked hard and was promoted(promote) from a saleswoman to a middle manager.(2)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted(promote)，Henry did his best to perform his

28、 duty.熟词生义 选择句子中 promote的汉语意思(3)They are promoting their new products on television. A A.推销；促销 B.促进 C.提升recommend vt.推 荐 ； 劝 告 ； 建 议(1)recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物recommend sb. for/as/to be.推荐某人为recommend doing sth. 建议(劝告)做某事recommend sb. to do sth. 劝告某人做某事recommend that.(should) do.建议(2)recommenda

29、tion n.推荐；建议；介绍信(1)Can you recommend a good dictionary to me? (2)I would never recommend using(use) a sunbed on a regular basis.(3)I will be glad if you can consider my recommendation(recommend).一句多译(4)我建议他买这本书。 I recommend him to buy this book. I recommend that he (should) buy this book. 同义句改写(5)Wh

30、at is recommended in the regulation is that one should not tell other 8people the password of his/her e-mail account.It is recommended in the regulation that one should not tell other people the password of his/her e-mail account.responsibility n.责 任 ； 职 责 ； 义 务(1)take responsibility for对有责任；对负责It i

31、s sb. s responsibility to do sth. 做是某人的职责。a sense of responsibility责任感(2)responsible adj.负责的，可靠的；负有责任的，应负责任的be responsible for对(某行为)负责；是的原因(1)Its important to teach your teen how to behave responsibly(responsible).(2)It was her responsibility that all members (should) be informed(inform).(3)同义句改写 We

32、 are the ones who are responsible for our life and future.We are the ones who take responsibility for our life and future.熟词生义 选择句子中 responsible的汉语意思(4)The chemical is directly responsible for those deaths. C A.尽责的 B.懂道理的 C.引起的易错点拨 responsibility 后接 that从句时，从句通常要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用(should) do。require v.要 求

33、 ； 需 要(1)require sth. of sb. 要求某人某事require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事sth. require(s) doing/to be done某事需要It is required that.(should) do.要求(2)requirement n.要求；必要条件；需要meet/satisfy ones requirements满足某人的要求(1)The minimum requirement(require) for the post was a degree in engineering.(2)They were required to

34、 give(give) quick responses.9(3)His house requires repairing/to be repaired(repair).(4)It is required that all members (should) be(be) present.(5)The new task requires hard efforts of us.易错点拨(1)require表示“需要” ，接含有被动意义的非谓语动词时，不定式用被动结构，而动名词用主动结构，即 require to be done或 require doing。(2)require后的宾语从句，requ

35、irement 后的表语从句、同位语从句通常要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用(should) do 形式。quit v.停 止 ； 离 开 ； 辞 职 ； 退 学quit doing.停止做quit office/ones job离职quit school辍学(1)Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people quit smoking(smoke).医生正在做研究，以找出人们戒烟时身体会发生什么。(2)The boy quitted school and found a job to supp

36、ort his family.那个男孩辍学了，找了份工作养家。(3)He said that if he quit the job，he would lose his drive to work and succeed.(2018浙江)他说如果辞职，他就会失去工作和取得成功的动力。熟词生义 选择句子中 quit的汉语意思(4)He quitted Paris after a month. C A.中断 B.偿清 C.离开易错点拨 quit 后接名词或动名词作宾语，不能接不定式作宾语。be occupied with忙 于 ， 从 事(1)be occupied (in) doing sth.

37、忙于(做)某事keep sb. occupied使某人忙碌(2)occupy oneself with sth. /(in) doing sth. 10忙于(做)某事(3)occupation n.工作；职业；占领(1)Teaching and doing housework keep her occupied(occupy) every day.(2)I suppose I was looking for an occupation(occupy) which was going to be an adventure.(3)一句多译 当我进来的时候，学生们正忙着做作业。When I came

38、 in，the students were occupied with/(in) doing their homework.(occupied)When I came in，the students were occupying themselves with/(in) doing their homework.(occupy)When I came in，the students were busy with/(in) doing their homework.(busy)look forward to盼 望 ； 期 待 to为 介 词 look down on/upon看不起look in

39、to调查；研究；向里面看look through浏览；仔细查看；审核look up向上看；查阅look up to尊敬，敬仰look back on回忆，回顾look at注视；看待(1)I would appreciate it if you could tell me more information about the activity.Im looking forward to receiving(receive) your earliest reply.(2)The day that he had been looking forward to came(come) at last.

40、(3)He looked forward to see(see) who was making a loud noise in the crowd.take on呈 现 ； 承 担 ； 雇 用 ； 接 受take after与相像，效仿take for把当成；误以为take in吸收，接纳；理解，领会；欺骗take off脱下；(飞机等)起飞；(事业等)腾飞；大受欢迎take over接管，接任take up占据；开始处理，从事；开始做；继续11根据语境用 take短语的正确形式填空(1)She took up the story where Tim had left off.(2)Dont

41、be taken in by the advertisement.It doesnt tell the truth.(3)Last year，his son took over the family business after his death.(4)Her singing career took off after her TV appearance.(5)She really takes after her mother.They seem like sisters.(6)Some insects take on the colour of their surroundings to

42、protect themselves.take charge of掌 管 表 动 作 (1)in charge of掌管(表状态)in the charge of被掌管；由负责free of charge(for free)免费(2)charge sb. with (doing) sth. accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控某人犯罪charge sb. some money for sth. 因某物收某人钱(1)She is charged with murdering her husband./She is accused of murdering her husba

43、nd.(2)He charged me 20 yuan for the postcard.(3)同义句改写 Mr Bell is in charge of the class.The class is in the charge of Mr Bell.(用 the class作主语改写)Mr Bell takes charge of the class.(用 take charge of改写)易错点拨 类似 in charge of，in the charge of 的短语：Error!Error!Id appreciate it if you would give me the opport

44、unity.Im looking forward to your early reply.如果你给我这次机会我将感激不尽，盼望你早日答复。句 型 ： it作 形 式 宾 语(1)此处的 it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为 if引导的宾语从句。(2)在英语中，某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如enjoy，hate，love，like，dislike，appreciate，prefer 等接 when/if引导的从句作宾语时，通常用 it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在 it之后。(3)see to，depend on，count on等由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接 that引导的宾语12从句时，先加形

45、式宾语 it，再接 that 从句。(1)I will appreciate it if you can reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.(2017全国)如果你能在你方便的时候尽快给我回信我将不胜感激。(2)You can depend/rely on it that he will complete the task on time.你要相信他会按时完成任务的。I do hope the chance is coming quite soon.我真心希望机会快快到来。句 型 公 式 ： do表 示 强 调“do/does/did

46、动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确” ，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：(1)句子是肯定句；(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时；(3)只能用来强调谓语动词，若强调主语、宾语、表语、状语等，则应用 It is/was.that/who.进行强调。(1)He does enjoy listening to classical music.他的确喜欢听古典音乐。(2)Do come this evening.今天晚上一定要来呀。(3)He did write to you last week.上周他的确给你写信了。(2017浙江)How to Do Man-on-the-Stre

47、et InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 31 But with 13these tips，your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street

48、 interviews for a story，think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it.For example，if your topic is about environmental problems in America，you might ask， “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America？” 32 Hit the streets with confidence.

49、33 Say， “Excuse me，I work for XYZ News，and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera.Dont get discouraged. 34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes.As soon as you get the answer you need，move on