IEC 60071-5-2014 Insulation co-ordination - Part 5 Procedures for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter stations《绝缘配合.第5部分 高压直流电流变压器站的工作程序》.pdf

1、 IEC 60071-5 Edition 1.0 2014-10 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Insulation co-ordination Part 5: Procedures for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter stations Coordination de lisolement Partie 5: Procdures pour les stations de conversion courant continu haute tension (CCHT) IEC 6

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19、vice Clients - webstore.iec.ch/csc Si vous dsirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-nous: csciec.ch. IEC 60071-5 Edition 1.0 2014-10 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Insulation co-ordination Part 5: Procedures for high-voltage direc

20、t current (HVDC) converter stations Coordination de lisolement Partie 5: Procdures pour les stations de conversion courant continu haute tension (CCHT) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE XD ICS 29.080.30 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-8322-1887-7 Re

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22、ibuteur agr. colour inside 2 IEC 60071-5:2014 IEC 2014 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 6 INTRODUCTION . 8 1 General . 9 1.1 Scope . 9 1.2 Additional background . 9 2 Normative references . 10 3 Terms and definitions. 10 4 Symbols and abbreviations 16 4.1 General . 16 4.2 Subscripts . 16 4.3 Letter symbols . 16

23、4.4 Abbreviations 17 5 Typical HVDC converter station schemes . 17 6 Principles of insulation co-ordination 21 6.1 General . 21 6.2 Essential differences between a.c. and d.c. systems 21 6.3 Insulation co-ordination procedure . 21 6.4 Comparison of withstand voltage selection in a.c. and d.c. system

24、s . 22 7 Voltages and overvoltages in service 24 7.1 Continuous operating voltages at various locations in the converter station 24 7.2 Peak continuous operating voltage (PCOV) and crest continuous operating voltage (CCOV) . 28 7.3 Sources and types of overvoltages 30 7.4 Temporary overvoltages 31 7

25、4.1 General . 31 7.4.2 Temporary overvoltages on the a.c. side 31 7.4.3 Temporary overvoltages on the d.c. side 31 7.5 Slow-front overvoltages . 31 7.5.1 General . 31 7.5.2 Slow-front overvoltages on the a.c. side . 31 7.5.3 Slow-front overvoltages on the d.c. side . 32 7.6 Fast-front, very-fast-fr

26、ont and steep-front overvoltages 33 8 Arrester characteristics and stresses 34 8.1 Arrester characteristics . 34 8.2 Arrester specification. 35 8.3 Arrester stresses . 35 8.3.1 General . 35 8.3.2 AC bus arrester (A) 36 8.3.3 AC filter arrester (FA) . 37 8.3.4 Transformer valve winding arresters (T)

27、 37 8.3.5 Valve arrester (V) . 37 8.3.6 Bridge arrester (B) . 40 8.3.7 Converter unit arrester (C) . 41 8.3.8 Mid-point d.c. bus arrester (M) . 41 8.3.9 Converter unit d.c. bus arrester (CB) 42 8.3.10 DC bus and d.c. line/cable arrester (DB and DL/DC) . 42 IEC 60071-5:2014 IEC 2014 3 8.3.11 Neutral

28、 bus arrester (E, EL, EM in Figure 3, EB, E1, EL, EM in Figure 1) 42 8.3.12 DC reactor arrester (DR) 43 8.3.13 DC filter arrester (FD) 44 8.3.14 Earth electrode station arrester 44 8.4 Protection strategy 44 8.4.1 General . 44 8.4.2 Insulation directly protected by a single arrester . 44 8.4.3 Insul

29、ation protected by more than one arrester in series . 45 8.4.4 Valve side neutral point of transformers . 45 8.4.5 Insulation between phase conductors of the converter transformer . 45 8.4.6 Summary of protection strategy 45 8.5 Summary of events and stresses . 47 9 Design procedure of insulation co

30、ordination 49 9.1 General . 49 9.2 Arrester requirements 49 9.3 Characteristics of insulation. 51 9.4 Representative overvoltages (U rp ) . 51 9.5 Determination of the co-ordination withstand voltages (U cw ) 52 9.6 Determination of the required withstand voltages (U rw ) 52 9.7 Determination of th

31、e specified withstand voltage (U w ) . 54 10 Study tools and system modelling 54 10.1 General . 54 10.2 Study approach and tools 54 10.3 System details . 55 10.3.1 Modelling and system representation 55 10.3.2 AC network and a.c. side of the HVDC converter station . 57 10.3.3 DC overhead line/cable

32、and earth electrode line details 58 10.3.4 DC side of an HVDC converter station details . 58 11 Creepage distances . 59 11.1 General . 59 11.2 Base voltage for creepage distance . 59 11.3 Creepage distance for outdoor insulation under d.c. voltage 59 11.4 Creepage distance for indoor insulation unde

33、r d.c. or mixed voltage 60 11.5 Creepage distance of a.c. insulators 60 12 Clearances in air 60 Annex A (informative) Example of insulation co-ordination for conventional HVDC converters . 62 A.1 General . 62 A.2 Arrester protective scheme 62 A.3 Arrester stresses, protection and insulation levels 6

34、2 A.3.1 General . 62 A.3.2 Slow-front overvoltages transferred from the a.c. side 63 A.3.3 Earth fault between valve and upper bridge transformer bushing 63 A.4 Transformer valve side withstand voltages . 66 A.4.1 Phase-to-phase . 66 A.4.2 Upper bridge transformer phase-to-earth (star). 67 A.4.3 Low

35、er bridge transformer phase-to-earth (delta) . 67 A.5 Air-insulated smoothing reactors withstand voltages 67 A.5.1 Terminal-to-terminal slow-front overvoltages 67 4 IEC 60071-5:2014 IEC 2014 A.5.2 Terminal-to-earth . 68 A.6 Results . 68 Annex B (informative) Example of insulation co-ordination for c

36、apacitor commutated converters (CCC) and controlled series capacitor converters (CSCC) . 72 B.1 General . 72 B.2 Arrester protective scheme 72 B.3 Arrester stresses, protection and insulation levels 72 B.3.1 General . 72 B.3.2 Transferred slow-front overvoltages from the a.c. side 73 B.3.3 Earth fau

37、lt between valve and upper bridge transformer bushing 74 B.4 Transformer valve side withstand voltages . 77 B.4.1 Phase-to-phase . 77 B.4.2 Upper bridge transformer phase-to-earth (star). 77 B.4.3 Lower bridge transformer phase-to-earth (delta) . 77 B.5 Air-insulated smoothing reactors withstand vol

38、tages 78 B.5.1 Slow-front terminal-to-terminal overvoltages . 78 B.5.2 Terminal-to-earth . 78 B.6 Results . 79 Annex C (informative) Considerations for insulation co-ordination of some special converter configurations 87 C.1 Procedure for insulation co-ordination of back-to-back type of HVDC links .

39、 87 C.2 Procedure for insulation co-ordination of parallel valve groups . 87 C.2.1 General . 87 C.2.2 AC bus arrester (A) 88 C.2.3 AC filter arrester (FA) . 88 C.2.4 Valve arrester (V) . 88 C.2.5 Bridge arrester (B) and converter unit arrester (C) 88 C.2.6 Mid-point arrester (M) 88 C.2.7 Converter u

40、nit d.c. bus arrester (CB) 88 C.2.8 DC bus and d.c. line/cable arrester (DB and DL) 89 C.2.9 Neutral bus arrester (E) . 89 C.2.10 DC reactor arrester (DR) 89 C.2.11 DC filter arrester (FD) 89 C.2.12 New converter stations with parallel valve groups . 89 C.3 Procedure for insulation co-ordination of

41、upgrading existing systems with series-connected valve groups 89 C.3.1 General . 89 C.3.2 AC bus arrester (A) 90 C.3.3 AC filter arrester (FA) . 90 C.3.4 Valve arrester (V) . 90 C.3.5 Bridge arrester (B) and converter unit arrester (C) 90 C.3.6 Mid-point arrester (M) 90 C.3.7 Converter unit d.c. bus

42、 arrester (CB), d.c. bus and d.c. line/cable arrester (DB and DL) 91 C.3.8 Neutral bus arrester (E) . 91 C.3.9 DC reactor arrester (DR) 91 C.3.10 DC filter arrester (FD) 91 C.4 Overvoltages in the a.c. network due to closely coupled HVDC links 91 C.5 Effect of gas-insulated switchgear on insulation

43、co-ordination of HVDC converter stations 92 IEC 60071-5:2014 IEC 2014 5 Annex D (informative) Typical arrester characteristics 93 Bibliography 94 Figure 1 Possible arrester locations in a pole with two 12-pulse converters in series . 19 Figure 2 Possible arrester locations for a back-to-back convert

44、er station 20 Figure 3 HVDC converter station with one 12-pulse converter bridge per pole . 25 Figure 4 Continuous operating voltages at various locations (location identification according to Figure 3) . 27 Figure 5 Operating voltage of a valve arrester (V), rectifier operation 29 Figure 6 Operatin

45、g voltage of a mid-point arrester (M), rectifier operation . 29 Figure 7 Operating voltage of a converter bus arrester (CB), rectifier operation . 30 Figure 8 One pole of an HVDC converter station . 57 Figure A.1 AC and d.c. arresters 69 Figure A.2 Valve arrester stresses for slow-front overvoltages

46、 from a.c. side 69 Figure A.3 Arrester V2 stress for slow-front overvoltage from a.c. side 70 Figure A.4 Valve arrester stresses for earth fault between valve and upper bridge transformer bushing 70 Figure A.5 Arrester V1 stress for earth fault between valve and upper bridge transformer bushing 71 F

47、igure B.1 AC and d.c. arresters for CCC and CSCC converters . 80 Figure B.2 Valve arrester stresses for slow-front overvoltages from a.c. side 81 Figure B.3 Arrester V2 stress for slow-front overvoltage from a.c. side 82 Figure B.4 Valve arrester stresses for earth fault between valve and upper brid

48、ge transformer bushing 84 Figure B.5 Arrester V1 stress for earth fault between valve and upper bridge transformer bushing 85 Figure B.6 Stresses on capacitor arresters C ccand C scduring earth fault between valve and upper bridge transformer bushing 86 Figure C.1 Expanded HVDC converter with parall

49、el valve groups 88 Figure C.2 Upgraded HVDC converter with series valve group 90 Figure D.1 Typical arrester V-I characteristics 93 Table 1 Classes and shapes of overvoltages, standard voltage shapes and standard withstand voltage tests 11 Table 2 Symbol description. 20 Table 3 Comparison of the selection of withstand voltages for a.c. equipment with that for HVDC converter station equipment 23 Table 4 Arrester pro