IEC 60076-8-1997 Power transformers - Application guide《电力变压器 第8部分 应用指南》.pdf

1、NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 600768 Premiredition Firstedition 199710 Transformateursdepuissance Guidedapplication Powertransformers Applicationguide Numroderfrence Referencenumber CEI/IEC600768:1997Numrosdespublications Depuisle1erjanvier1997,lespublicationsdelaCEI sontnumrot

2、espartirde60000. Publicationsconsolides Lesversionsconsolidesdecertainespublicationsde laCEIincorporantlesamendementssontdisponibles. Parexemple,lesnumrosddition1.0,1.1et1.2 indiquentrespectivementlapublicationdebase,la publicationdebaseincorporantlamendement1,etla publicationdebaseincorporantlesame

3、ndements1 et2. Validitdelaprsentepublication LecontenutechniquedespublicationsdelaCEIest constammentrevuparlaCEIafinquilreflteltat actueldelatechnique. Desrenseignementsrelatifsladatede reconfirmationdelapublicationsontdisponiblesdans leCataloguedelaCEI. Lesrenseignementsrelatifscesrvisions,ltablis

4、sementdesditionsrvisesetauxamendements peuventtreobtenusauprsdesComitsnationauxde laCEIetdanslesdocumentscidessous: BulletindelaCEI AnnuairedelaCEI Accsenligne* CataloguedespublicationsdelaCEI Publiannuellementetmisjourrgulirement (Accsenligne)* Terminologie,symbolesgraphiques etlittraux Encequiconc

5、ernelaterminologiegnrale,lelecteur sereporteralaCEI60050: VocabulaireElectro techniqueInternational (VEI). Pourlessymbolesgraphiques,lessymboleslittraux etlessignesdusagegnralapprouvsparlaCEI,le lecteurconsulteralaCEI60027: Symboleslittraux utiliserenlectrotechnique,laCEI60417:Symboles graphiquesuti

6、lisablessurlematriel.Index,relevet compilationdesfeuillesindividuelles, etlaCEI60617: Symbolesgraphiquespourschmas. PublicationsdelaCEItabliespar lemmecomitdtudes Lattentiondulecteurestattiresurleslistesfigurant lafindecettepublication,quinumrentles publicationsdelaCEIprparesparlecomit dtudesquiatab

7、lilaprsentepublication. * Voiradressesitewebsurlapagedetitre. Numbering Asfromthe1stJanuary1997allIECpublicationsare issuedwithadesignationinthe60000series. Consolidatedpublications ConsolidatedversionsofsomeIECpublications includingamendmentsareavailable.Forexample, editionnumbers1.0,1.1and1.2refer

8、respectively,to thebasepublication,thebasepublication incorporatingamendment1andthebasepublication incorporatingamendments1and2. Validityofthispublication ThetechnicalcontentofIECpublicationsiskeptunder constantreviewbytheIEC,thusensuringthatthe contentreflectscurrenttechnology. Informationrelating

9、tothedateofthereconfirmationof thepublicationisavailableintheIECcatalogue. Informationontherevisionwork,theissueofrevised editionsandamendmentsmaybeobtainedfrom IEC NationalCommitteesandfromthefollowing IECsources: IECBulletin IECYearbook Onlineaccess* CatalogueofIECpublications Publishedyearlywithr

10、egularupdates (Onlineaccess)* Terminology,graphicalandletter symbols Forgeneralterminology,readersarereferredto IEC60050:InternationalElectrotechnicalVocabulary (IEV). Forgraphicalsymbols,andlettersymbolsandsigns approvedbytheIECforgeneraluse,readersare referredtopublicationsIEC60027: Lettersymbolst

11、o beusedinelectricaltechnology ,IEC60417: Graphical symbolsforuseonequipment.Index,surveyand compilationofthesinglesheets andIEC60617: Graphicalsymbolsfordiagrams. IECpublicationspreparedbythesame technicalcommittee Theattentionofreadersisdrawntotheendpagesof thispublicationwhichlisttheIECpublicatio

12、nsissued bythetechnicalcommitteewhichhaspreparedthe presentpublication. * Seewebsiteaddressontitlepage.NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 600768 Premiredition Firstedition 199710 Transformateursdepuissance Guidedapplication Powertransformers Applicationguide CommissionElectrotechniq

13、ueInternationale InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission Pourprix,voircatalogueenvigueur Forprice,seecurrentcatalogue IEC1997Droitsdereproductionrservs Copyrightallrightsreserved Aucunepartiedecettepublicationnepeuttrereproduiteni utilisesous quelqueformequecesoitetparaucun procd,lectroniqueoumcaniq

14、ue,ycomprislaphoto copieetlesmicrofilms,sanslaccordcritdelditeur. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedorut ilizedin anyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical, includingphotocopyingandmicrofilm,withoutpermissionin writingfromthepublisher. InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission 3,ruedeVarembGeneva

15、Switzerland Telefax:+41229190300 email:inmailiec.ch IECwebsitehttp:/www.iec.ch CODEPRIX PRICECODE XC2 600768 CEI:1997 SOMMAIRE Pages AVANTPROPOS 4 Articles 1 Gnralits. 6 2 Propritscaractristiquesdesdiffrentescombinaisonsdenroulementstriphass etconceptionsdescircuitsmagntiques . 8 3 Propritscaractri

16、stiquesetapplicationauxautotransformateurs 16 4 Propritshomopolairescourantdechargeduneutreetconditionsdedfaut laterre,saturationmagntiqueetcourantdenclenchement . 24 5 Calculdescourantsdecourtcircuitpourlestransformateurstriphasstrois enroulements(transformateursenroulementssparsetautotransformateu

17、rs) dontlespointneutressontrelislaterre 50 6 Marcheenparallledestransformateursdanslesrseauxtriphass 80 7 Calculdelachutedetensionpourunechargespcifie,pertesdueslacharge duntransformateurtroisenroulements 92 8 Spcificationdesgrandeursassignesetdesgrandeursdeprises 124 9 Applicationenconvertisseurdes

18、transformateursnormaux . 146 10 Guidepourlamesuredespertesdestransformateursdepuissance . 150 AnnexeARelationsfondamentalespourlesdfautslaterremonophasetbiphas. 164600768 IEC:1997 3 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD. 5 Clause 1 General 7 2 Characteristicpropertiesofdifferentthreephasewindingcombinationsand mag

19、neticcircuitdesigns . 9 3 Characteristicpropertiesandapplicationofautoconnectedtransformers 17 4 Zerosequencepropertiesneutralloadcurrentandearthfaultconditions, magneticsaturationandinrushcurrent . 25 5 Calculationofshortcircuitcurrentsinthreewinding,threephasetransformers (separatewindingtransform

20、ersandautoconnectedtransformers) withearthedneutrals 51 6 Paralleloperationoftransformersinthreephasesystems. 81 7 Calculationofvoltagedropforaspecifiedload,threewindingtransformerloadloss . 93 8 Specificationofratedquantitiesandtappingquantities . 125 9 Convertorapplicationswithstandardtransformers

21、 147 10 Guidetothemeasurementoflossesinpowertransformers. 151 AnnexABasicrelationsforsinglephaseandtwophaseearthfaults. 1654 600768 CEI:1997 COMMISSIONLECTROTECHNIQUEINTERNATIONALE _ TRANSFORMATEURSDEPUISSANCE GUIDEDAPPLICATION AVANTPROPOS 1) LaCEI(CommissionElectrotechniqueInternationale)estuneorga

22、nisationmondialedenormalisationcompose delensembledescomitslectrotechniquesnationaux(ComitsnationauxdelaCEI).LaCEIapourobjetde favoriserlacooprationinternationalepourtouteslesquestionsdenormalisationdanslesdomainesde llectricitetdellectronique.Aceteffet,laCEI,entreautresactivits,publiedesNormesinter

23、nationales. Leurlaborationestconfiedescomitsdtudes,auxtravauxdesquelstoutComitnationalintressparle sujettraitpeutparticiper.Lesorganisationsinternationales,gouvernementalesetnongouvernementales,en liaisonaveclaCEI,participentgalementauxtravaux.LaCEIcollaboretroitementaveclOrganisation Internationale

24、deNormalisation(ISO),selondesconditionsfixesparaccordentrelesdeuxorganisations. 2) LesdcisionsouaccordsofficielsdelaCEIconcernantlesquestionstechniquesreprsentent,danslamesure dupossibleunaccordinternationalsurlessujetstudis,tantdonnquelesComitsnationauxintresss sontreprsentsdanschaquecomitdtudes. 3

25、) Lesdocumentsproduitsseprsententsouslaformederecommandationsinternationales.Ilssontpublis commenormes,rapportstechniquesouguidesetagrscommetelsparlesComitsnationaux. 4) Danslebutdencouragerlunificationinternationale,lesComitsnationauxdelaCEIsengagentappliquerde faontransparente,danstoutelamesurepos

26、sible,lesNormesinternationalesdelaCEIdansleursnormes nationalesetrgionales.ToutedivergenceentrelanormedelaCEIetlanormenationaleourgionale correspondantedoittreindiqueentermesclairsdanscettedernire. 5) LaCEInafixaucuneprocdureconcernantlemarquagecommeindicationdapprobationetsaresponsabilit nestpaseng

27、agequandunmatrielestdclarconformelunedesesnormes. 6) LattentionestattiresurlefaitquecertainsdeslmentsdelaprsenteNormeinternationalepeuventfaire lobjetdedroitsdepropritintellectuelleoudedroitsanalogues.LaCEInesauraittretenuepour responsabledenepasavoiridentifidetelsdroitsdepropritetdenepasavoirsignal

28、leurexistence. LaNormeinternationaleCEI600768attablieparlecomitdtudes14delaCEI: Transformateursdepuissance. CettepremireditiondelaCEI600768annuleetremplacelaCEI60606publieen1978. Cetteditionconstitueunervisiontechnique. Letextedecettenormeestissudesdocumentssuivants: FDIS Rapportdevote 14/260/FDIS 1

29、4/297/RVD Lerapportdevoteindiqudansletableaucidessusdonnetouteinformationsurlevoteayant aboutilapprobationdecettenorme. LaCEI60076comprendlespartiessuivantes,prsentessousletitregnral: Transformateursdepuissance. Partie1:1993,Gnralits Partie2:1993,Echauffement Partie3:1980,Niveauxdisolementetessaisdi

30、lectriques Partie5:1976,Tenueaucourtcircuit Partie8:1997,Guidedapplication LannexeAestdonneuniquementtitredinformation.600768 IEC:1997 5 INTERNATIONALELECTROTECHNICALCOMMISSION _ POWERTRANSFORMERS APPLICATIONGUIDE FOREWORD 1) TheIEC(InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission)isaworldwideorganizationfor

31、standardizationcomprising allnationalelectrotechnicalcommittees(IECNationalCommittees).TheobjectoftheIECistopromote internationalcooperationonallquestionsconcerningstandardizationintheelectricalandelectronicfields.To thisendandinadditiontootheractivities,theIECpublishesInternationalStandards.Theirpr

32、eparationis entrustedtotechnicalcommittees;anyIECNationalCommitteeinterestedinthesubjectdealtwithmay participateinthispreparatorywork.International,governmentalandnongovernmentalorganizationsliaising withtheIECalsoparticipateinthispreparation.TheIECcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalOrganization

33、 forStandardization(ISO)inaccordancewithconditionsdeterminedbyagreementbetweenthetwo organizations. 2) TheformaldecisionsoragreementsoftheIEContechnicalmattersexpress,asnearlyaspossible,an internationalconsensusofopinionontherelevantsubjectssinceeachtechnicalcommitteehasrepresentation fromallinteres

34、tedNationalCommittees. 3) Thedocumentsproducedhavetheformofrecommendationsforinternationaluseandarepublishedintheform ofstandards,technicalreportsorguidesandtheyareacceptedbytheNationalCommitteesinthatsense. 4) Inordertopromoteinternationalunification,IECNationalCommitteesundertaketoapplyIECInternat

35、ional Standardstransparentlytothemaximumextentpossibleintheirnationalandregionalstandards.Any divergencebetweentheIECStandardandthecorrespondingnationalorregionalstandardshallbeclearly indicatedinthelatter. 5) TheIECprovidesnomarkingproceduretoindicateitsapprovalandcannotberenderedresponsibleforany

36、equipmentdeclaredtobeinconformitywithoneofitsstandards. 6) AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisInternationalStandardmaybethesubject ofpatentrights.TheIECshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights. InternationalStandardIEC600768hasbeenpreparedbyIECtechnical

37、committee14:Power transformers. ThisfirsteditionofIEC600768cancelsandreplacesIEC60606publishedin1978.This editionconstitutesatechnicalrevision. Thetextofthisstandardisbasedonthefollowingdocuments: FDIS Reportonvoting 14/260/FDIS 14/297/RVD Fullinformationonthevotingfortheapprovalofthisstandardcanbef

38、oundinthereporton votingindicatedintheabovetable. IEC60076consistsofthefollowingparts,underthegeneraltitle:Powertransformers. Part1:1993,General Part2:1993,Temperaturerise Part3:1980,Insulationlevelsanddielectrictests Part5:1976,Abilitytowithstandshortcircuit Part8:1997,Applicationguide AnnexAisfori

39、nformationonly.6 600768 CEI:1997 TRANSFORMATEURSDEPUISSANCE GUIDEDAPPLICATION 1Gnralits 1.1 Domainedapplicationetobjet Cettenormesappliqueauxtransformateursdepuissanceconformeslasriedenormes CEI60076. Sonbutestdinformerlesutilisateurssur certainescaractristiquesfondamentalesdefonctionnementdesdiffre

40、ntsmodesde couplageetdesconceptionsdescircuitsmagntiquesavecunerfrenceparticulireau phnomnehomopolaire; lescourantsdedfautdesrseauxdanslestransformateursaveccouplageYNyndet similaires; lamarcheenparallledestransformateurs,lecalculdelachuteoudelaugmentationde tensionduelachargeetlecalculdespertesdues

41、lachargepourlescombinaisonsde chargetroisenroulements; laslectiondesgrandeursassignesetdesgrandeursdeprisesaumomentdelachat, ensebasantsurlesconditionsprvisionnelles; lapplicationdestransformateursnormauxlachargeparconvertisseur; lestechniquesdemesureetdeprcisionlorsdelamesuredespertes. Unepartiedec

42、esinformationsestdenaturegnraleetestapplicabletousles transformateursdepuissancequellequesoitleurtaille.Dautreschapitrestraitent,cependant, desaspectsduproblmeneconcernantquelaspcificationetlutilisationdesgrandesunits hautetension. Lesrecommandationsnesontpasobligatoiresetneconstituentpasenellesmmesdes prescriptionsdespcification. Lesinformationsrelativeslacapacitdechargedestransformateursdepuissancesont prcisesdansla