1、 IEC 60422 Edition 4.0 2013-01 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Mineral insulating oils in electrical equipment Supervision and maintenance guidance Huiles minrales isolantes dans les matriels lectriques Lignes directrices pour la maintenance et la surveillance IEC60422:2013 THIS PUBLICAT
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16、NALE Mineral insulating oils in electrical equipment Supervision and maintenance guidance Huiles minrales isolantes dans les matriels lectriques Lignes directrices pour la maintenance et la surveillance INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE X ICS 29.040
17、10 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-83220-560-0 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. Attention! Veuillez vous assurer q
18、ue vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agr. 2 60422 IEC:2013 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope . 8 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms and definitions . 9 4 Properties and deterioration/degradation of oil . 10 5 Oil tests and their significance 11 5.1 General . 11 5.2
19、Colour and appearance . 12 5.3 Breakdown voltage 12 5.4 Water content 12 5.4.1 General . 12 5.4.2 Water in oil 12 5.4.3 Water content in the oil/paper-system 14 5.4.4 Interpretation of results 15 5.5 Acidity . 15 5.6 Dielectric dissipation factor (DDF) and resistivity . 15 5.7 Inhibitor content and
20、oxidation stability 18 5.7.1 Oxidation stability 18 5.7.2 Monitoring of uninhibited oils . 18 5.7.3 Monitoring of inhibited oils . 18 5.8 Sediment and sludge . 18 5.9 Interfacial tension (IFT) . 19 5.10 Particle count 19 5.11 Flash point 19 5.12 Compatibility of insulating oils . 20 5.13 Pour point
21、 20 5.14 Density 20 5.15 Viscosity 20 5.16 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) 21 5.17 Corrosive sulphur 21 5.18 Dibenzyl disulphide (DBDS) 22 5.19 Passivator . 22 6 Sampling of oil from equipment 22 7 Categories of equipment . 23 8 Evaluation of mineral insulating oil in new equipment . 23 9 Evaluati
22、on of oil in service 24 9.1 General . 24 9.2 Frequency of examination of oils in service . 25 9.3 Testing procedures 26 9.3.1 General . 26 9.3.2 Field tests 26 9.3.3 Laboratory tests 27 9.4 Classification of the condition of oils in service 27 9.5 Corrective action . 27 60422 IEC:2013 3 10 Handling
23、and storage . 32 11 Treatment . 33 11.1 WARNING . 33 11.2 Reconditioning 34 11.2.1 General . 34 11.2.2 Reconditioning equipment . 35 11.2.3 Application to electrical equipment 36 11.3 Reclaiming 37 11.3.1 General . 37 11.3.2 Reclaiming by percolation 37 11.3.3 Reclaiming by contact . 38 11.3.4 Renew
24、al of additives . 38 11.4 Decontamination of oils containing PCBs 38 11.4.1 General . 38 11.4.2 Dehalogenation processes using sodium and lithium derivatives . 38 11.4.3 Dehalogenation processes using polyethylene glycol and potassium hydroxide (KPEG) 39 11.4.4 Dehalogenation in continuous mode by c
25、losed circuit process . 39 12 Replacement of oil in electrical equipment 39 12.1 Replacement of oil in transformers rated below 72,5 kV and in switchgear and associated equipment . 39 12.2 Replacement of oil in transformers rated 72,5 kV and above . 39 12.3 Replacement of oil in electrical equipment
26、 contaminated with PCB 40 13 Passivation . 40 Annex A (informative) Evaluating water in oil and insulation. 41 Annex B (informative) Particles 43 Annex C (informative) Test method for determination of sediment and sludge 44 Bibliography 45 Figure 1 Example of variation in saturation water content wi
27、th oil temperature and acidity for insulating oil originally conforming to IEC 60296 . 14 Figure 2 Example of variation of resistivity with temperature for insulating oils . 17 Figure A.1 Typical correction factors 41 Table 1 Tests for in-service mineral insulating oils . 11 Table 2 Categories of eq
28、uipment . 23 Table 3 Recommended limits for mineral insulating oils after filling in new electrical equipment prior to energization . 24 Table 4 Recommended frequency of testing a26 Table 5 Application and interpretation of tests (1 of 4) . 28 Table 6 Summary of typical actions 32 Table 7 Conditions
29、 for processing inhibited and/ or passivator containing mineral insulating oils 35 Table A.1 Guidelines for interpreting data expressed in per cent saturation . 42 Table B.1 Typical contamination levels (particles) encountered on power transformer insulating oil as measured using IEC 60970 43 4 6042
30、2 IEC:2013 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ MINERAL INSULATING OILS IN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT SUPERVISION AND MAINTENANCE GUIDANCE FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committ
31、ees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical R
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40、 Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pat
41、ent rights. International Standard IEC 60422 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 10: Fluids for electrotechnical applications. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition, published in 2005, and constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the previous e
42、dition are as follows: This new edition represents a major revision of the third edition, in order to bring in line this standard with latest development of oil condition monitoring, containing new limits for oil parameters, suggested corrective actions in the tables and new test methods. The action
43、 limits for all oil tests have been revised and changes made where necessary to enable users to use current methodology and comply with requirements and regulations affecting safety and environmental aspects. 60422 IEC:2013 5 In addition, this standard incorporates changes introduced in associated s
44、tandards since the third edition was published. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 10/894/FDIS 10/896/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publica
45、tion has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this
46、 date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. 6 60422 IEC:2013 INTRODUCTION Insulating mineral oils are used in electrical equipment employed in the generation, transmission, distribution and use of electrical energy, so that the amount of oil in s
47、ervice, worldwide, amounts to hundreds of millions of kilograms. Monitoring and maintaining oil quality is essential to ensure the reliable operation of oil-filled electrical equipment. Codes of practice for this purpose have been established by electrical power authorities, power companies and indu
48、stries in many countries. A review of current experience reveals a wide variation of procedures and criteria. It is possible, however, to compare the value and significance of standardized oil tests and to recommend uniform criteria for the evaluation of test data. If a certain amount of oil deterio
49、ration (by degradation or contamination) is exceeded, there is inevitably some erosion of safety margins and the question of the risk of premature failure should be considered. While the quantification of the risk can be very difficult, a first step involves the identification of potential effects of increased deterioration. The philosophy underlying this standard is to furnish users with as broad a base of understanding of oil qua
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